Insulin bahasa Latin insula pulau karena diproduksi di pulau pulau Langerhans di pankreas adalah suatu hormon polipeptida yang mengatur metabolisme karbohidrat Insulin merupakan efektor utama dalam homeostasis karbohidrat juga berperan dalam metabolisme lemak trigliserida dan protein hormon ini bersifat anabolik yang artinya meningkatkan penggunaan protein Hormon tersebut juga memengaruhi jaringan tubuh lainnya INSStruktur yang tersediaPDBPencarian Ortolog PDBe RCSBDaftar kode id PDB1A7F 1AI0 1AIY 1B9E 1BEN 1EV3 1EV6 1EVR 1FU2 1FUB 1G7A 1G7B 1GUJ 1HIQ 1HIS 1HIT 1HLS 1HTV 1HUI 1IOG 1IOH 1J73 1JCA 1JCO 1K3M 1KMF 1LKQ 1LPH 1MHI 1MHJ 1MSO 1OS3 1OS4 1Q4V 1QIY 1QIZ 1QJ0 1RWE 1SF1 1T1K 1T1P 1T1Q 1TRZ 1TYL 1TYM 1UZ9 1VKT 1W8P 1XDA 1XGL 1XW7 1ZEG 1ZEH 1ZNJ 2AIY 2C8Q 2C8R 2CEU 2H67 2HH4 2HHO 2HIU 2JMN 2JUM 2JUU 2JUV 2JV1 2JZQ 2K91 2K9R 2KJJ 2KJU 2KQQ 2KXK 2L1Y 2L1Z 2LGB 2M1D 2M1E 2M2M 2M2N 2M2O 2M2P 2OLY 2OLZ 2OM0 2OM1 2OMG 2OMH 2OMI 2QIU 2R34 2R35 2R36 2RN5 2VJZ 2VK0 2W44 2WBY 2WC0 2WRU 2WRV 2WRW 2WRX 2WS0 2WS1 2WS4 2WS6 2WS7 3AIY 3BXQ 3E7Y 3E7Z 3EXX 3FQ9 3I3Z 3I40 3ILG 3INC 3IR0 3Q6E 3ROV 3TT8 3U4N 3UTQ 3UTS 3UTT 3V19 3V1G 3W11 3W12 3W13 3W7Y 3W7Z 3W80 3ZI3 3ZQR 3ZS2 3ZU1 4AIY 4AJX 4AJZ 4AK0 4AKJ 4EFX 4EWW 4EWX 4EWZ 4EX0 4EX1 4EXX 4EY1 4EY9 4EYD 4EYN 4EYP 4F0N 4F0O 4F1A 4F1B 4F1C 4F1D 4F1F 4F1G 4F4T 4F4V 4F51 4F8F 4FG3 4FKA 4GBC 4GBI 4GBK 4GBL 4GBN 4IUZ 5AIY 2LWZ 3JSD 3KQ6 3P2X 3P33 1JK8 2MLI 2MPG 2MPI 2MVC 2MVD 4CXL 4CXN 4CY7 4NIB 4OGA 4P65 4Q5Z 4RXW 4UNE 4UNG 4UNH 4XC4 4WDI 4Z76 4Z77 4Z78 2N2W 5CO6 5ENA 4Y19 5BQQ 5BOQ 2N2V 5CNY 5CO9 5EN9 4Y1A 2N2X 5BPO 5CO2 5BTS 5HYJ 5C0D s1EFE 1SJT 1SJU 2KQP s1T0C s2G54 2G56 3HYD 2OMQPengidentifikasiAliasINS IDDM IDDM1 IDDM2 ILPR IRDN MODY10 insulin PNDM4ID eksternalOMIM 176730 MGI 96573 HomoloGene 173 GeneCards INSLokasi gen Manusia Kr Kromosom 11 manusia 1 Pita11p15 5Awal2 159 779 bp 1 Akhir2 161 221 bp 1 Lokasi gen Tikus Kr Kromosom 7 tikus 2 Pita7 F5 7 88 0 cMAwal142 232 393 bp 2 Akhir142 297 118 bp 2 Pola ekspresi RNAReferensi data ekspresi selengkapnyaOntologi genFungsi molekuler insulin receptor binding pengikatan protein identik protease binding insulin like growth factor receptor binding GO 0001948 GO 0016582 Ikatan protein plasma hormone activityKomponen seluler endoplasmic reticulum lumen transport vesicle Golgi membrane secretory granule lumen Golgi lumen endoplasmic reticulum Golgi intermediate compartment membrane endosome lumen extracellular region extracellular spaceProses biologis negative regulation of NAD P H oxidase activity positive regulation of DNA replication positive regulation of MAPK cascade positive regulation of brown fat cell differentiation positive regulation of cell differentiation MAPK cascade positive regulation of respiratory burst positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase signaling negative regulation of protein oligomerization positive regulation of NF kappaB transcription factor activity negative regulation of respiratory burst involved in inflammatory response cell cell signaling positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process positive regulation of glycolytic process positive regulation of nitric oxide synthase activity positive regulation of protein autophosphorylation activation of protein kinase B activity wound healing positive regulation of mitotic nuclear division negative regulation of feeding behavior positive regulation of peptide hormone secretion GO 1903363 negative regulation of protein catabolic process positive regulation of cell migration acute phase response regulation of protein secretion positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling G protein coupled receptor signaling pathway regulation of cellular amino acid metabolic process negative regulation of oxidative stress induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi vesicle mediated transport negative regulation of lipid catabolic process positive regulation of cell growth negative regulation of glycogen catabolic process GO 1903106 positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway glucose metabolic process negative regulation of acute inflammatory response negative regulation of protein secretion positive regulation of peptidyl tyrosine phosphorylation glucose homeostasis positive regulation of cell population proliferation fatty acid homeostasis GO 0051247 GO 0051200 positive regulation of protein metabolic process regulation of transmembrane transporter activity negative regulation of gluconeogenesis negative regulation of fatty acid metabolic process regulation of protein localization GO 0009373 regulation of transcription DNA templated positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process Metabolisme karbohidrat negative regulation of proteolysis alpha beta T cell activation positive regulation of protein localization to nucleus positive regulation of glucose import GO 1901047 insulin receptor signaling pathway GO 1901313 positive regulation of gene expression regulation of signaling receptor activity positive regulation of nitric oxide mediated signal transduction regulation of synaptic plasticity kognisi positive regulation of long term synaptic potentiation positive regulation of dendritic spine maintenance regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane negative regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process neuron projection maintenance response to L arginine GO 0072468 signal transductionSumber Amigo QuickGOOrtologSpesiesManusiaTikusEntrez363016334EnsemblENSG00000254647ENSMUSG00000000215UniProtP01308P01326RefSeq mRNA NM 000207NM 001185097NM 001185098NM 001291897NM 001185083NM 001185084NM 008387RefSeq protein NP 000198NP 001172026NP 001172027NP 001278826NP 000198 1NP 001172026 1NP 001172027 1NP 001278826 1NP 000198NP 000198NP 000198NP 000198NP 001172012NP 001172013NP 032413Lokasi UCSC Chr 11 2 16 2 16 MbChr 7 142 23 142 3 MbPencarian PubMed 3 4 WikidataLihat Sunting ManusiaLihat Sunting TikusModel struktur insulin Merah karbon hijau oksigen biru nitrogen merah muda sulfur Pita biru ungu merupakan kerangka N C C n dalam sekuens asam amino H NH CHR CO n OH protein tersebut dengan R merupakan bagian yang menonjol dari kerangka tersebut pada setiap asam amino Insulin menyebabkan sel pada otot dan adiposit mengambil glukosa dari sirkulasi darah melalui transporter glukosa GLUT1 dan GLUT4 5 dan menyimpannya sebagai glikogen di dalam hati dan otot sebagai sumber energi Kadar insulin yang rendah akan mengurangi penyerapan glukosa dan tubuh akan mulai menggunakan lemak sebagai sumber energi Insulin digunakan dalam pengobatan beberapa jenis diabetes mellitus Pasien dengan diabetes mellitus tipe 1 bergantung pada insulin dari luar tubuh karena kekurangan absolut hormon tersebut pasien dengan diabetes mellitus tipe 2 memiliki tingkat produksi insulin rendah atau kebal insulin dan kadang kala juga membutuhkan insulin dari luar bila pengobatan lain tidak cukup untuk mengatur kadar glukosa darah Lihat pula Suntinganatomi dan fisiologi glukagon pankreas Pulau pulau Langerhans endokrinologi jenis diabetes mellitus diabetes mellitus diabetes mellitus tipe 1 diabetes mellitus tipe 2 diabetes insipidus perawatan Diabetic coma insulinoterapi intensif pompa insulin insulinoterapi konvensionalReferensi Sunting a b c GRCh38 Ensembl release 89 ENSG00000254647 Ensembl May 2017 a b c GRCm38 Ensembl release 89 ENSMUSG00000000215 Ensembl May 2017 Human PubMed Reference National Center for Biotechnology Information U S National Library of Medicine Mouse PubMed Reference National Center for Biotechnology Information U S National Library of Medicine Inggris Intracellular targeting of the insulin regulatable glucose transporter GLUT4 is isoform specific and independent of cell type Rockefeller University P M Haney J W Slot R C Piper D E James M Mueckler Diakses tanggal 2010 05 01 Pranala luar Sunting Inggris Insulin entry from protein databank Diarsipkan 2005 03 16 di Wayback Machine Inggris Sejarah Insulin Diarsipkan 2018 11 01 di Wayback Machine Diperoleh dari https id wikipedia org w index php title Insulin amp oldid 24102898
