Michael Gough Francis ˈ ɡ ɒ f GOF 23 November 1916 17 Maret 2011 adalah aktor film berkebangsaan Inggris yang telah berm

Francis Michael Gough (/ˈɡɒf/ GOF; 23 November 1916 – 17 Maret 2011) adalah aktor film berkebangsaan Inggris yang telah bermain di lebih dari 150 film layar lebar dan tayangan drama di televisi. Dia juga dikenal melalui perannya dalam Hammer Horror Films sejak 1958 dan sebagai Alfred Pennyworth dalam empat serial film arahan Tim Burton / Joel Schumacher berjudul Batman

Michael Gough
Berkas:Gough as Alfred.jpg Gough as Alfred Pennyworth in Batman Returns (1992)
Lahir	Francis Michael Gough (1916-11-23)23 November 1916 Kuala Lumpur, Federated Malay States
Meninggal	17 Maret 2011(2011-03-17) (umur 94) London, England, U.K.
Kebangsaan	British
Pendidikan	Durham School
Almamater	Old Vic
Pekerjaan	Actor
Tahun aktif	1946–2010
Kota asal	London, England, U.K.
Suami/istri	Diana Graves (1940-19??; divorced) Anne Leon (1950–1964; divorced) Anneke Wills (1962–1979; divorced) Henrietta Lawrence (1980–2011, his death)
Anak	3

Latar belakang sunting

Gough terlahir dengan nama Francis Michael Gough di Kuala Lumpur, Federated Malay States (sekarang Malaysia) pada 23 November 1916, putera dari keluarga asal Inggris, Francis Berkeley Gough dan Frances Atkins (née Bailie). Gough mengenyam pendidikan di Rose Hill School, Tunbridge Wells, dan di Durham School, dia pindah ke Wye Agricultural College which he left to go to the Old Vic. Selama Perang Dunia II, Gough adalah conscientious objector seperti halnya kawannya, Frith Banbury, meskipun dia ditugaskan mengabdi di kesatuan non-perang,. Tahun 1948, Gough mengawali debutnya di dunia keaktoran melalui Blanche Fury kemudian tampil secara intensif di televisi Inggris. Tahun 1955, dia berperan sebagai dalah satu pembunuh yang membunuh Duke of Clarence (John Gielgud), as well, kemudian juga Princes in the Tower dalam film arahan Laurence Olivier berjudul Richard III. Namanya semakin dikenal saat tampil dalam film horor di antaranya Dracula (1958), Horrors of the Black Museum (1959), The Phantom of the Opera (1962), Black Zoo (1963), Trog (1970), The Corpse (1971), Horror Hospital (1973) dan Satan's Slave (1976). Dia juga tampil dalam film komedi Top Secret! (1984), bersama Val Kilmer.

Gough menjadi bintang tamu dalam film Doctor Who, sebagai penjahat di The Celestial Toymaker (1966) dan sebagai Councillor Hedin dalam Arc of Infinity (1983). Dia tampil sebagai Dr. Armstrong dalam "The Cybernauts", salah satu episode yang paling dikenang, The Avengers (1965), dan kembali bermain di "The Correct Way to Kill". Dia diperkenalkan dalam episode musim pertama "Maximum Security" di Colditz sebagai Major "Willi" Schaeffer (Bernard Hepton). di drama televisi Ian Curteis Suez 1956 (1979), dia memerankan sebagai Perdana Menteri Anthony Eden. Tahun 1981, dia bergabung kembali dengan Laurence Olivier dalam film produksi Granada Television berjudul Brideshead Revisited, memerankan sebagai Lord Marchmain. Gough juga tampil dalam The Citadel (1983) sebagai Sir Jenner Halliday, dasawarsa 1985-an Out of Africa sebagai Lord Delamere dan sebgai agen mata-mata KGB Andrei Zorin dalam Sleepers.

Peran-peran terakhir yang dimainkan sebagai Alfred Pennyworth untuk Tim Burton, termasuk Batman (1989) dan Batman Returns (1992). Dia juga tampil kembali sebagai Alfred dalam drama di kanal BBC tahun 1994, adaptasi dari Batman: Knightfall, Batman Forever (1995) dan Batman & Robin (1997) untuk Joel Schumacher. Gough merupakan salah satu dari dua aktor yang tampil di empat film-film serial Batman karya Burton/Schumacher; aktor lain yaitu Pat Hingle (sebagai Commissioner Gordon). Gough berkayra bersama Burton lagi pada dasawarsa 1999-a dalam Sleepy Hollow dan Corpse Bride. Dia juga tampil lagi dengan perannya sebagai Alfred dalam enam tayangan iklan komersial tahun 2001 untuk OnStar, menginformasikan tentang sistem informasi Batman dalam Batmobile. Iklan lain yang melibatkan Gough sebagai Alfred dalam iklan tahun 1989 arahan Diet Coke. Gough pensiun pada tahun 1999 setelah tampil dalam film arahan Burton berjudul Sleepy Hollow."Michael Gough, 94, was butler Alfred in “Batman”^{[pranala nonaktif permanen]}". bcdb.com, March 17, 2011</ref>

Gough menikah empat kali, salah satu bekas istrinya adalah Anne Elizabeth Leon (lahir 1925). Merika menikah tahun 1950, puteri mereka Emma Frances lahir tahun 1953 dan bercerai pada 1964. Bekas istri lainnya adalah aktris Doctor Who Anneke Wills, yang memerankan sebagai Doctor's companion Polly.

Penghargaan sunting

Menang di Broadway's 1979 Tony Award, sebagai Best Actor (Featured Role – Play) untuk perannya dalam Bedroom Farce.
Nominasi di kategori yang sama untuk Breaking the Code tahun 1988.
1957 menang dalam BAFTA TV Award.
1971, nominasi dalam BAFTA Film Award for his dalam The Go-Between.
Nominasi dalam Drama Desk Award Outstanding Featured Actor melalui Bedroom Farce
1988 menang melalui Breaking the Code dalam Drama Desk Award Outstanding Featured Actor.

Kematian sunting

Gough meninggal pada 17 Maret 2011 di London, Inggris setelah sakit yang tak begitu lama. Abu kremasinya dibuang di laut. Dia bertahan dengan istri ke-empatnya, Henrietta, puterinya Emma dan puteranya, Simon (yang menikahi aktirs Sharon Gurney, puteri dari Upstairs, Downstairs aktris Rachel Gurney) and Jasper. Michael Keaton, lawan mainnya dalam film pertama Batman, mengatakan bahwa Gough itu lembut dan hangat. Katanya, "To Mick – my butler, my confidant, my friend, my Alfred. I love you. God bless. Michael (Mr Wayne) Keaton." Nama Gough dimasukkan dalam In Memoriam di 18th Screen Actors Guild Awards.

Filmografi sunting

Year	Title	Role	Notes
1948	Anna Karenina	Nicholai
1948	Blanche Fury	Laurence Fury
1948	Saraband for Dead Lovers	Prince Charles
1949	Small Back Room, TheThe Small Back Room	Capt. Dick Stuart
1950	Ha'penny Breeze	Uncredited
1951	Blackmailed	Maurice Edwards
1951	No Resting Place	Alec Kyle
1951	Man in the White Suit, TheThe Man in the White Suit	Michael Corland
1951	Night Was Our Friend	Martin Raynor
1953	Twice Upon a Time	Mr. Lloyd
1953	Sword and the Rose, TheThe Sword and the Rose	Duke of Buckingham
1953	Rob Roy, the Highland Rogue	Duke of Montrose
1955	Richard III	Dighton, the first murderer
1956	Reach for the Sky	Flying Instructor Pearson
1957	Ill Met by Moonlight	Andoni Zoidakis
1957	The House in the Woods	Geoffrey Carter
1958	Dracula	Arthur Holmwood
1958	Horse's Mouth, TheThe Horse's Mouth	Abel
1959	Model for Murder	Kingsley Beauchamp
1959	Horrors of the Black Museum	Edmond Bancroft
1961	Konga	Dr. Charles Decker
1961	Mr. Topaze	Tamise
1961	What a Carve Up!	Fisk, the butler
1962	Candidate for Murder	Donald Edwards
1962	Phantom of the Opera, TheThe Phantom of the Opera	Ambrose D'Arcy
1963	Black Zoo	Michael Conrad
1963	Tamahine	Cartwright
1965	Game for Three Losers	Robert Hilary
1965	Dr. Terror's House of Horrors	Eric Landor	(segment "Disembodied Hand")
1965	Skull, TheThe Skull	Auctioneer
1966	Alice in Wonderland	March Hare
1966	Doctor Who: The Celestial Toymaker	Celestial Toymaker
1967	They Came from Beyond Space	Master of the Moon
1967	Berserk!	Albert Dorando
1968	One Night... A Train	Jeremiah
1968	Curse of the Crimson Altar	Elder	Also known as The Crimson Cult
1969	Walk with Love and Death, AA Walk with Love and Death	Mad Monk
1969	Women in Love	Tom Brangwen
1970	Julius Caesar	Metellus Cimber
1970	Trog	Sam Murdock
1971	Go-Between, TheThe Go-Between	Mr. Maudsley
1971	The Corpse	Walter Eastwood	Also known as Crucible of Horror
1972	Savage Messiah	M. Gaudier
1972	Henry VIII and His Six Wives	Norfolk
1973	Horror Hospital	Dr. Christian Storm
1973	Legend of Hell House, TheThe Legend of Hell House	Emeric Belasco	Uncredited
1974	QB VII	Dr. Fletcher
1975	Galileo	Sagredo
1975	The Man from Nowhere	Man	Voice, Uncredited
1976	Satan's Slave	Uncle Alexander Yorke
1978	Boys from Brazil, TheThe Boys from Brazil	Mr. Harrington
1978	L'Amour en question	Sir Baldwin
1981	Venom	David Ball
1982	Smiley's People	Mikhel
1982	Inside the Third Reich	Dr. Rust
1983	To the Lighthouse	Mr Ramsay
1983	Dresser, TheThe Dresser	Frank Carrington
1984	Memed My Hawk	Kerimoglu
1984	Top Secret!	Dr. Paul Flammond
1984	Oxford Blues	Doctor Ambrose
1984	Christmas Carol, AA Christmas Carol	Mr. Poole
1985	Arthur the King	Archbishop
1985	Out of Africa	Baron Delamere
1986	Caravaggio	Cardinal Del Monte
1986	Little Vampire, TheThe Little Vampire	Uncle Ludwig
1987	Maschenka	Vater
1987	Inspector Morse: The Silent World of Nicholas Quinn	Philip Ogleby
1987	Fourth Protocol, TheThe Fourth Protocol	Sir Bernard Hemmings
1988	Serpent and the Rainbow, TheThe Serpent and the Rainbow	Schoonbacher
1989	Strapless	Douglas Brodie
1989	Batman	Alfred Pennyworth
1989	Batman: The Lazarus Syndrome	Alfred Pennyworth	Voice
1990	The Garden
1991	Let Him Have It	Lord Goddard
1992	The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles: Russia 1910	Leo Tolstoy
1992	Batman Returns	Alfred Pennyworth
1993	Wittgenstein	Bertrand Russell
1993	Age of Innocence, TheThe Age of Innocence	Henry van der Luyden
1993	Hour of the Pig, TheThe Hour of the Pig	Magistrate Boniface
1994	Uncovered	Don Manuel
1994	Nostradamus	Jean de Remy
1995	Batman Forever	Alfred Pennyworth
1997	Batman & Robin	Alfred Pennyworth
1998	What Rats Won't Do	Justice Tomlin
1998	St. Ives	Comte de Saint-Yves
1999	Cherry Orchard, TheThe Cherry Orchard	Feers
1999	Sleepy Hollow	Notary Hardenbrook
1999	The Strange Case of Delphina Potocka or The Mystery of Chopin	The Doctor
2005	Corpse Bride	Elder Gutknecht	Voice
2010	Alice in Wonderland	Uilleam the Dodo Bird	Voice, (final film role)

Referensi sunting

Gough in the London Times, 23 June 1997: "There was some indecision as to when I was born. My sister said it was 1916. I'd lost my birth certificate." Gough's wife Henrietta confirmed 1916 (and not 1915) as her husband's birth year in 2010 (see Christian Heger: Mondbeglänzte Zaubernächte. Das Kino von Tim Burton. Marburg 2010).
"Michael Gough profile". filmreference.com. Diakses tanggal 2 November 2016.
Michael Gough profile, Yahoo! Movies; accessed November 2, 2016.
^ "- Person Page 18350". thepeerage.com.
. The New York Times. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-11-02. Diakses tanggal 8 November 2009. Education: Wye Agricultural College, England; Bristol Old Vic Theatre School, England, Major – drama; Durham School, England; Rose Hill School, Kent, England
Eric Shorter (17 March 2011). "Michael Gough obituary". London: guardian.co.uk. Diakses tanggal 21 April 2011. Michael Gough, actor, born 23 November 1916; died 17 March 2011 ... He was born in Kuala Lumpur, Malaya, where his father was a rubber planter. After attending Rose Hill School, Tunbridge Wells, and Durham School, he dropped out of Wye Agricultural College in Kent in order to study acting at the Old Vic.
Read, Piers Paul (2005). Alec Guinness: the authorised biography. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 0-7432-4498-2.
Starkey, Pat (1992). I will not fight: conscientious objectors and pacifists in the North West during the Second World War. Liverpool Historical Studies. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press. ISBN 0-85323-467-1.
Eric Shorter Obituary: Michael Gough, The Guardian, 17 March 2011
"Michael Gough, Batman's Alfred, dies aged 94". BBC News. 17 March 2011.
Mike Moody. "Michael Keaton praises Michael Gough". Digital Spy.

Pranala luar sunting

Michael Gough di IMDb (dalam bahasa Inggris)
Michael Gough di Internet Broadway Database
(Inggris) Michael Gough di TCM Movie Database
(Inggris) Michael Gough di AllMovie
Michael Gough di Find a Grave
Gough's obituary in The Telegraph newspaper

Didahului oleh: Alan Napier	Alfred Pennyworth Actor 1989 - 1997	Diteruskan oleh: Michael Caine

[1] Gough in the London Times, 23 June 1997: "There was some indecision as to when I was born. My sister said it was 1916. I'd lost my birth certificate." Gough's wife Henrietta confirmed 1916 (and not 1915) as her husband's birth year in 2010 (see Christian Heger: Mondbeglänzte Zaubernächte. Das Kino von Tim Burton. Marburg 2010).

[2] "Michael Gough profile". filmreference.com. Diakses tanggal 2 November 2016.

[3] Michael Gough profile, Yahoo! Movies; accessed November 2, 2016.

[peer-4] "- Person Page 18350". thepeerage.com.

[5] . The New York Times. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-11-02. Diakses tanggal 8 November 2009. Education: Wye Agricultural College, England; Bristol Old Vic Theatre School, England, Major – drama; Durham School, England; Rose Hill School, Kent, England

[6] Eric Shorter (17 March 2011). "Michael Gough obituary". London: guardian.co.uk. Diakses tanggal 21 April 2011. Michael Gough, actor, born 23 November 1916; died 17 March 2011 ... He was born in Kuala Lumpur, Malaya, where his father was a rubber planter. After attending Rose Hill School, Tunbridge Wells, and Durham School, he dropped out of Wye Agricultural College in Kent in order to study acting at the Old Vic.

[7] Read, Piers Paul (2005). Alec Guinness: the authorised biography. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 0-7432-4498-2.

[8] Starkey, Pat (1992). I will not fight: conscientious objectors and pacifists in the North West during the Second World War. Liverpool Historical Studies. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press. ISBN 0-85323-467-1.

[9] Eric Shorter Obituary: Michael Gough, The Guardian, 17 March 2011

[10] "Michael Gough, Batman's Alfred, dies aged 94". BBC News. 17 March 2011.

[11] Mike Moody. "Michael Keaton praises Michael Gough". Digital Spy.