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Bencana kelaparan besar 1876 78 juga bencana kelaparan India Selatan 1876 78 atau bencana kelaparan Madras 1877 adalah s

Bencana kelaparan besar 1876–78

Bencana kelaparan besar 1876–78 (juga bencana kelaparan India Selatan 1876–78 atau bencana kelaparan Madras 1877) adalah sebuah bencana kelaparan di India yang dimulai pada 1876 dan terjadi di India Selatan dan India barat daya (Madras, Mysore, Hiderabad, dan Bombay) selama dua tahun. Pada tahun keduanya, bencana kelaparan juga menyebar ke utara sampai beberapa wilayah di Provinsi Tengah dan Provinsi Utara-Barat, dan wilayah kecil di Punjab. Bencana kelaparan tersebut melingkupi wilayah seluas 257.000 mil persegi (670.000 km2) dan dialami oleh 58,500,000 penduduk. Korban tewas akibat dari kelaparan tersebut sekitar 5.5 juta jiwa.

Peta Kekaisaran India Britania (1880), memperlihatkan provinsi dan negara pribumi yang berbeda, yang meliputi tempat yang terkena bencana kelaparan besar 1876–78

Catatan sunting

  1. ^ Imperial Gazetteer of India vol. III 1907, hlm. 488

Referensi sunting

  • Arnold, David (1994), "The 'discovery' of malnutrition and diet in colonial India", Indian Economic and Social History Review, 31 (1): 1–26, doi:10.1177/001946469403100101 
  • Davis, Mike (2001), Late Victorian Holocausts, Verso Books. Pp. 400, ISBN 978-1-85984-739-8 
  • Fieldhouse, David (1996), "For Richer, for Poorer?", dalam Marshall, P. J., The Cambridge Illustrated History of the British Empire, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Pp. 400, hlm. 108–146, ISBN 0-521-00254-0 
  • Hall-Matthews, David (1996), "Historical Roots of Famine Relief Paradigms: Ideas on Dependency and Free Trade in India in the 1870s", Disasters, 20 (3): 216–230, doi:10.1111/j.1467-7717.1996.tb01035.x 
  • Hall-Matthews, David (2008), "Inaccurate Conceptions: Disputed Measures of Nutritional Needs and Famine Deaths in Colonial India", Modern Asian Studies, 42 (1): 1–24, doi:10.1017/S0026749X07002892 
  • Imperial Gazetteer of India vol. III (1907), The Indian Empire, Economic (Chapter X: Famine, pp. 475–502, Published under the authority of His Majesty's Secretary of State for India in Council, Oxford at the Clarendon Press. Pp. xxx, 1 map, 552. 
  • Roy, Tirthankar (2006), The Economic History of India, 1857–1947, 2nd edition, New Delhi: Oxford University Press. Pp. xvi, 385, ISBN 0-19-568430-3 
  • Washbrook, David (1994), "The Commercialization of Agriculture in Colonial India: Production, Subsistence and Reproduction in the 'Dry South', c. 1870–1930", Modern Asian Studies, 28 (1): 129–164, doi:10.1017/s0026749x00011720, JSTOR 312924 

Bacaan lanjutan sunting

  • Ambirajan, S. (1976), "Malthusian Population Theory and Indian Famine Policy in the Nineteenth Century", Population Studies, 30 (1): 5–14, doi:10.2307/2173660 
  • Bhatia, B. M. (1991), Famines in India: A Study in Some Aspects of the Economic History of India With Special Reference to Food Problem, 1860–1990, Stosius Inc/Advent Books Division. Pp. 383, ISBN 81-220-0211-0 
  • Davis, Mike (2001), Late Victorian Holocausts: El Niño Famines and the Making of the Third World, Verso. Pp. 464, ISBN 1-85984-739-0 
  • Digby, William (1878), The Famine Campaign in Southern India: Madras and Bombay Presidencies and province of Mysore, 1876-1878, Volume 1, London: Longmans, Green and Co 
  • Digby, William (1878), The Famine Campaign in Southern India: Madras and Bombay Presidencies and province of Mysore, 1876-1878, Volume 2, London: Longmans, Green and Co 
  • Dutt, Romesh Chunder (1900 (reprinted 2005)), Open Letters to Lord Curzon on Famines and Land Assessments in India, London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co. Ltd (reprinted by Adamant Media Corporation), ISBN 1-4021-5115-2 
  • Dyson, Tim (1991), "On the Demography of South Asian Famines: Part I", Population Studies, 45 (1): 5–25, doi:10.1080/0032472031000145056 
  • Dyson, Tim (1991), "On the Demography of South Asian Famines: Part II", Population Studies, 45 (2): 279–297, doi:10.1080/0032472031000145446 
  • Famine Commission (1880), Report of the Indian Famine Commission, Part I, Calcutta 
  • Ghose, Ajit Kumar (1982), "Food Supply and Starvation: A Study of Famines with Reference to the Indian Subcontinent", Oxford Economic Papers, New Series, 34 (2): 368–389 
  • Government of India (1867), Report of the Commissioners Appointed to Enquire into the Famine in Bengal and Orissa in 1866, Volumes I, II, Calcutta 
  • Hardiman, David (1996), "Usuary, Dearth and Famine in Western India", Past and Present (152): 113–156 
  • Hill, Christopher V. (1991), "Philosophy and Reality in Riparian South Asia: British Famine Policy and Migration in Colonial North India", Modern Asian Studies, 25 (2): 263–279, doi:10.1017/s0026749x00010672 
  • Klein, Ira (1973), "Death in India, 1871-1921", The Journal of Asian Studies, 32 (4): 639–659, doi:10.2307/2052814 
  • McAlpin, Michelle B. (1983), "Famines, Epidemics, and Population Growth: The Case of India", Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 14 (2): 351–366, doi:10.2307/203709 
  • McAlpin, Michelle B. (1979), "Dearth, Famine, and Risk: The Changing Impact of Crop Failures in Western India, 1870–1920", The Journal of Economic History, 39 (1): 143–157, doi:10.1017/S0022050700096352 
  • Temple, Sir Richard (1882), Men and events of my time in India, London: John Murray. Pp. xvii, 526 

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Bencana kelaparan besar 1876 78 juga bencana kelaparan India Selatan 1876 78 atau bencana kelaparan Madras 1877 adalah sebuah bencana kelaparan di India yang dimulai pada 1876 dan terjadi di India Selatan dan India barat daya Madras Mysore Hiderabad dan Bombay selama dua tahun Pada tahun keduanya bencana kelaparan juga menyebar ke utara sampai beberapa wilayah di Provinsi Tengah dan Provinsi Utara Barat dan wilayah kecil di Punjab 1 Bencana kelaparan tersebut melingkupi wilayah seluas 257 000 mil persegi 670 000 km2 dan dialami oleh 58 500 000 penduduk 1 Korban tewas akibat dari kelaparan tersebut sekitar 5 5 juta jiwa Peta Kekaisaran India Britania 1880 memperlihatkan provinsi dan negara pribumi yang berbeda yang meliputi tempat yang terkena bencana kelaparan besar 1876 78Catatan sunting a b Imperial Gazetteer of India vol III 1907 hlm 488Referensi suntingArnold David 1994 The discovery of malnutrition and diet in colonial India Indian Economic and Social History Review 31 1 1 26 doi 10 1177 001946469403100101 Davis Mike 2001 Late Victorian Holocausts Verso Books Pp 400 ISBN 978 1 85984 739 8 Fieldhouse David 1996 For Richer for Poorer dalam Marshall P J The Cambridge Illustrated History of the British Empire Cambridge Cambridge University Press Pp 400 hlm 108 146 ISBN 0 521 00254 0 Hall Matthews David 1996 Historical Roots of Famine Relief Paradigms Ideas on Dependency and Free Trade in India in the 1870s Disasters 20 3 216 230 doi 10 1111 j 1467 7717 1996 tb01035 x Hall Matthews David 2008 Inaccurate Conceptions Disputed Measures of Nutritional Needs and Famine Deaths in Colonial India Modern Asian Studies 42 1 1 24 doi 10 1017 S0026749X07002892 Imperial Gazetteer of India vol III 1907 The Indian Empire Economic Chapter X Famine pp 475 502 Published under the authority of His Majesty s Secretary of State for India in Council Oxford at the Clarendon Press Pp xxx 1 map 552 Roy Tirthankar 2006 The Economic History of India 1857 1947 2nd edition New Delhi Oxford University Press Pp xvi 385 ISBN 0 19 568430 3 Washbrook David 1994 The Commercialization of Agriculture in Colonial India Production Subsistence and Reproduction in the Dry South c 1870 1930 Modern Asian Studies 28 1 129 164 doi 10 1017 s0026749x00011720 JSTOR 312924 Bacaan lanjutan suntingAmbirajan S 1976 Malthusian Population Theory and Indian Famine Policy in the Nineteenth Century Population Studies 30 1 5 14 doi 10 2307 2173660 Bhatia B M 1991 Famines in India A Study in Some Aspects of the Economic History of India With Special Reference to Food Problem 1860 1990 Stosius Inc Advent Books Division Pp 383 ISBN 81 220 0211 0 Davis Mike 2001 Late Victorian Holocausts El Nino Famines and the Making of the Third World Verso Pp 464 ISBN 1 85984 739 0 Digby William 1878 The Famine Campaign in Southern India Madras and Bombay Presidencies and province of Mysore 1876 1878 Volume 1 London Longmans Green and Co Digby William 1878 The Famine Campaign in Southern India Madras and Bombay Presidencies and province of Mysore 1876 1878 Volume 2 London Longmans Green and Co Dutt Romesh Chunder 1900 reprinted 2005 Open Letters to Lord Curzon on Famines and Land Assessments in India London Kegan Paul Trench Trubner amp Co Ltd reprinted by Adamant Media Corporation ISBN 1 4021 5115 2 Periksa nilai tanggal di year bantuan Dyson Tim 1991 On the Demography of South Asian Famines Part I Population Studies 45 1 5 25 doi 10 1080 0032472031000145056 Dyson Tim 1991 On the Demography of South Asian Famines Part II Population Studies 45 2 279 297 doi 10 1080 0032472031000145446 Famine Commission 1880 Report of the Indian Famine Commission Part I Calcutta Ghose Ajit Kumar 1982 Food Supply and Starvation A Study of Famines with Reference to the Indian Subcontinent Oxford Economic Papers New Series 34 2 368 389 Government of India 1867 Report of the Commissioners Appointed to Enquire into the Famine in Bengal and Orissa in 1866 Volumes I II Calcutta Hardiman David 1996 Usuary Dearth and Famine in Western India Past and Present 152 113 156 Hill Christopher V 1991 Philosophy and Reality in Riparian South Asia British Famine Policy and Migration in Colonial North India Modern Asian Studies 25 2 263 279 doi 10 1017 s0026749x00010672 Klein Ira 1973 Death in India 1871 1921 The Journal of Asian Studies 32 4 639 659 doi 10 2307 2052814 McAlpin Michelle B 1983 Famines Epidemics and Population Growth The Case of India Journal of Interdisciplinary History 14 2 351 366 doi 10 2307 203709 McAlpin Michelle B 1979 Dearth Famine and Risk The Changing Impact of Crop Failures in Western India 1870 1920 The Journal of Economic History 39 1 143 157 doi 10 1017 S0022050700096352 Temple Sir Richard 1882 Men and events of my time in India London John Murray Pp xvii 526 Diperoleh dari https id wikipedia org w index php title Bencana kelaparan besar 1876 78 amp oldid 14392037