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Kepresidenan Madras yang bernama resmi Kepresidenan Benteng St George dan juga dikenal sebagai Provinsi Madras adalah se

Kepresidenan Madras

Kepresidenan Madras, yang bernama resmi Kepresidenan Benteng St. George dan juga dikenal sebagai Provinsi Madras, adalah sebuah subdivisi administratif (kepresidenan) di India Britania. Pada masa kejayaannya, kepresidenan tersebut meliputi kebanyakan wilayah selatan India, yang meliputi wilayah pada masa sekarang dari negara bagian India Tamil Nadu dan Andhra Pradesh dan sebagian dari Odisha, Kerala dan Karnataka dan wilayah persatuan Lakshadweep. Kota Madras adalah ibu kota musim dingin dari Kepresidenan tersebut dan Ootacamund atau Ooty adalah ibu kota musim panas-nya. Pulau Ceylon menjadi bagian dari Kepresidenan Madras dari 1793 sampai 1798 ketika kepresidenan tersebut dijadikan sebagai koloni mahkota.

Kepresidenan Madras
மெட்ராஸ் மாகாணம்
మద్రాస్ రాష్ట్రభాగము
Kepresidenan di India Britania
1652–1950
Panji daerah

Kepresidenan Madras pada 1913
Sejarah
Era sejarahImperialisme Baru
• Didirikan
1652
• Dibubarkan
1950
Didahului oleh		 Digantikan oleh
Kepresidenan Bantam
Kepresidenan Surat
Kepresidenan Surat
Negara Bagian Madras
Kolonial India
Entitas kekaisaran di India
India Belanda1605–1825
India Denmark1620–1869
India Prancis1769–1954
India Portugis
(1505–1961)
Casa da Índia1434–1833
Perusahaan India Timur Portugis1628–1633
India Britania
(1612–1947)
Perusahaan India Timur1612–1757
Kekuasaan perusahaan di India1757–1858
Kemaharajaan Britania1858–1947
Kekuasaan Britania di Burma1824–1948
Negara-negara kepangeranan1721–1949
Partisi India
1947
  • l
  • b
  • s

Setelah reformasi Montague-Chelmsford pada 1919, Madras menjadi provinsi pertama dari India Britania untuk mengimplementasikan sistem diarki, dan setelah itu Gubernur-nya memerintah bersama dengan seorang perdana menteri. Pada awal dekade abad ke-20, beberapa kontributor signifikan dari gerakan kemerdekaan India berasal dari Madras. Dengan adanya kemerdekaan India pada 15 Agustus 1947, Kepresidenan tersebut dibubarkan. Madras kemudian dijadikan sebagai Negara Bagian Madras, sebuah negara bagian dari India Serikat dan peresmian Republik India pada 26 Januari 1950, dan direorganisir pada 1956.

Asal muasal Sunting

Sebelum kedatangan Inggris Sunting

Penemuan dolmen-dolmen di wilayah subbenua tersebut menunjukan bahwa wilayah tersebut telah ditinggal sejak awal Zaman Batu. Penguasa berpengaruh pertama dari bagian utara yang kelak menjadi Kepresidenan tersebut adalah dinasti Satawahana Telugu (230 SM - 102 Masehi). Setelah perpecahan kerajaan Satawahana di Andhra dan Chola di Tamil Nadu, negara tersebut ditaklukan suku bangsa ras kecil yang disebut Kalabhra. Negara tersebut kembali ditaklukan dibawah kekuasaan dinasti Pallawa dan peradaban-nya memuncak pada masa kekuasaan Chola dan Pandya. Antara 1685 dan 1947, sejumlah raja menguasai wilayah yang kemudian menjadi bagian dari Kepresidenan Madras.

Sejarah Sunting

Artikel utama: Sejarah Kepresidenan Madras
Stringer Lawrence yang mendirikan Angkatan Darat Madras dengan Muhammed Ali Khan Wallajah, Nawab Karnatik

Catatan Sunting

  1. Iyengar 1929, p. 535
  2. Thurston 1913, pp. 138–142

Daftar pustaka Sunting

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  • C. D., MaClean (1877). Standing Information regarding the Official Administration of Madras Presidency. Government of Madras. 
  • Great Britain India Office (1905). The India List and India Office List. London: Harrison and Sons. 
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  • S. H., Steinberg (1950). The Statesman's Yearbook 1950. London: Macmillan and Co. 
  • Some Madras Leaders. Babu Bhishambher Nath Bhargava. 1922. 
  • T., Osborne (1765). The Modern part of a universal history from the Earliest Account of Time, Vol XLIII. London: Oxford University. 
  •  Artikel ini menyertakan teks dari suatu terbitan yang sekarang berada pada ranah publik: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "EB name". Encyclopædia Britannica (edisi ke-11). Cambridge University Press. 
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  • B., Anitha (1998). Quality of Work Life in Commercial Banks. Discovery Publishing House. ISBN 81-7141-431-1. 
  • Böck, Monika; Rao, Aparna (2000). Culture, creation, and procreation: concepts of kinship in South Asian practice. Berghahn Books. ISBN 1-57181-911-8. 
  • Chatterjee, Indrani; Eaton, Richard Maxwell (2006). Slavery & South Asian History. Indiana University Press. ISBN 0-253-34810-2. 
  • Chaudhuri, K.N. (2006). The Trading World of Asia and the English East India Company: 1660–1760. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521031592. 
  • D. Craik, Alex (2007). Mr Hopkins' Men: Cambridge Reform and British Mathematics in the 19th Century. Springer. SBN 1846287901, ISBN 978-1-84628-790-9. 
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Pranala luar Sunting

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Templat:Kepresidenan dan provinsi di India Britania Templat:Tamil Nadu

Templat:Karnataka

Templat:Topik Chennai Koordinat: 13°05′N 80°16′E / 13.08°N 80.27°E / 13.08; 80.27

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Tanggal penerbitan:
Kepresidenan Madras yang bernama resmi Kepresidenan Benteng St George dan juga dikenal sebagai Provinsi Madras adalah sebuah subdivisi administratif kepresidenan di India Britania Pada masa kejayaannya kepresidenan tersebut meliputi kebanyakan wilayah selatan India yang meliputi wilayah pada masa sekarang dari negara bagian India Tamil Nadu dan Andhra Pradesh dan sebagian dari Odisha Kerala dan Karnataka dan wilayah persatuan Lakshadweep Kota Madras adalah ibu kota musim dingin dari Kepresidenan tersebut dan Ootacamund atau Ooty adalah ibu kota musim panas nya Pulau Ceylon menjadi bagian dari Kepresidenan Madras dari 1793 sampai 1798 ketika kepresidenan tersebut dijadikan sebagai koloni mahkota Kepresidenan Madrasம ட ர ஸ ம க ணம మద ర స ర ష ట రభ గమ Kepresidenan di India Britania1652 1950Panji daerahKepresidenan Madras pada 1913SejarahEra sejarahImperialisme Baru Didirikan1652 Dibubarkan1950Didahului oleh Digantikan olehKepresidenan BantamKepresidenan Surat Kepresidenan SuratNegara Bagian MadrasKolonial IndiaEntitas kekaisaran di IndiaIndia Belanda1605 1825India Denmark1620 1869India Prancis1769 1954India Portugis 1505 1961 Casa da India1434 1833Perusahaan India Timur Portugis1628 1633India Britania 1612 1947 Perusahaan India Timur1612 1757Kekuasaan perusahaan di India1757 1858Kemaharajaan Britania1858 1947Kekuasaan Britania di Burma1824 1948Negara negara kepangeranan1721 1949Partisi India1947lbsSetelah reformasi Montague Chelmsford pada 1919 Madras menjadi provinsi pertama dari India Britania untuk mengimplementasikan sistem diarki dan setelah itu Gubernur nya memerintah bersama dengan seorang perdana menteri Pada awal dekade abad ke 20 beberapa kontributor signifikan dari gerakan kemerdekaan India berasal dari Madras Dengan adanya kemerdekaan India pada 15 Agustus 1947 Kepresidenan tersebut dibubarkan Madras kemudian dijadikan sebagai Negara Bagian Madras sebuah negara bagian dari India Serikat dan peresmian Republik India pada 26 Januari 1950 dan direorganisir pada 1956 Daftar isi 1 Asal muasal 1 1 Sebelum kedatangan Inggris 2 Sejarah 3 Catatan 4 Daftar pustaka 5 Pranala luarAsal muasal SuntingSebelum kedatangan Inggris Sunting Penemuan dolmen dolmen di wilayah subbenua tersebut menunjukan bahwa wilayah tersebut telah ditinggal sejak awal Zaman Batu Penguasa berpengaruh pertama dari bagian utara yang kelak menjadi Kepresidenan tersebut adalah dinasti Satawahana Telugu 230 SM 102 Masehi Setelah perpecahan kerajaan Satawahana di Andhra dan Chola di Tamil Nadu negara tersebut ditaklukan suku bangsa ras kecil yang disebut Kalabhra 1 Negara tersebut kembali ditaklukan dibawah kekuasaan dinasti Pallawa dan peradaban nya memuncak pada masa kekuasaan Chola dan Pandya Antara 1685 dan 1947 sejumlah raja menguasai wilayah yang kemudian menjadi bagian dari Kepresidenan Madras 2 Sejarah SuntingArtikel utama Sejarah Kepresidenan Madras nbsp Stringer Lawrence yang mendirikan Angkatan Darat Madras dengan Muhammed Ali Khan Wallajah Nawab KarnatikCatatan Sunting Iyengar 1929 p 535 Thurston 1913 pp 138 142Daftar pustaka SuntingPublikasi pemerintahanBritish and Foreign Anti slavery Society 1841 Slavery and the slave trade in British India with notices of the existence of these evils in the islands of Ceylon Malacca and Penang drawn from official documents T Ward and to be had at the office of the British and Foreign Anti Slavery society C D MaClean 1877 Standing Information regarding the Official Administration of Madras Presidency Government of Madras Great Britain India Office 1905 The India List and India Office List London Harrison and Sons Hunter Sir William Wilson 1908 The Imperial Gazetteer of India 1908 Clarendon Press Illustrated Guide to the South Indian Railway Incorporated in England Including the Tanjore District Board Pondicherry Peralam Karaikkal Travancore State Cochin State Coimbatore District Board Tinnevelly Tiruchendur and the Nilgiri Railways Madras South Indian Railway Company 1926 Madras District Gazetteers Raghavaiyangar Srinivasa 1893 Memorandum of progress of the Madras Presidency during the last forty years of British Administration Government of Madras Slater Gilbert 1918 Economic Studies Vol I Some South Indian villages Talboys Wheeler James 1862 Hand book to the cotton cultivation in the Madras presidency J Higginbotham and Pharaoh and Co Talboys Wheeler James 1996 Being a History of the Presidency from the First Foundation of Fort St George to the Occupation of Madras by the French 1639 1748 Asian Educational Services ISBN 8120605535 Tercentenary Madras Staff 1939 Madras Tercentenary Celebration Committee Commemoration Volume Oxford Press Thurston Edgar 1913 Provincial Geographies of India The Madras Presidency with Mysore Coorg and Associated States Cambridge University Thurston Edgar K Rangachari 1909 Castes and Tribes of Southern India Vol I to VII Government of Madras ISBN 0 520 04315 4 Publikasi lainnyaA Vadivelu 1903 The Aristocracy of South India Vest amp Co Aiyangar Sakkottai Krishnaswami 1921 South India and her Muhammadan Invaders Oxford University Besant Annie 1915 How India Wrought for freedom Adyar Madras Theosophical Publishing House Christophers S R 1927 The Indian Empire Souvenir Executive Committee of the Congress Codrington Humphry William 1926 A Short history of Lanka Macmillan amp Co Dodd George 1859 The history of the Indian revolt and of the expeditions to Persia China and Japan 1856 7 8 With maps plans and wood engrav Umschlagt Chambers s history of the revolt in India W U R Chambers F E Penny Lady Lawley 1914 Southern India A C Black Finnemore John 1917 Peeps at many lands Home Life in India London A amp C Black Ltd G F Major MacMunn Major A C Lovett 1911 The Armies of India Adam and Charles Black Iyengar P T Srinivasa 1929 History of the Tamils from the Earliest Times to the Present Day Mazumdar Amvika Charan 1917 Indian National Evolution Madras G A Natesan amp Co Newell Herbert Andrews 1919 Madras the Birth Place of British India An Illustrated Guide with Map The Madras Times Printing and Publishing Pirie A H 1883 Indian Students Geography Methodist Episcopal Church Press Playne Somerset J W Bond Arnold Wright 1914 Southern India Its History People Commerce and Industrial Resources Price Thomas 1837 Slavery in America With Notices of the Present State of Slavery and the Slave Trade Throughout the World Oxford University S H Steinberg 1950 The Statesman s Yearbook 1950 London Macmillan and Co Some Madras Leaders Babu Bhishambher Nath Bhargava 1922 T Osborne 1765 The Modern part of a universal history from the Earliest Account of Time Vol XLIII London Oxford University Parameter coauthors yang tidak diketahui mengabaikan author yang disarankan bantuan Publikasi kontemporer nbsp Artikel ini menyertakan teks dari suatu terbitan yang sekarang berada pada ranah publik Chisholm Hugh ed 1911 EB name Encyclopaedia Britannica edisi ke 11 Cambridge University Press Aggarwal Bina 1994 A field of one s own gender and land rights in South Asia Cambridge University Press ISBN 0 521 42926 9 Ahmed Farooqui Salma Ahmed Farooqui Salma 2011 A Comprehensive History of Medieval India From Twelfth to the Mid Eighteenth Century Pearson Education India ISBN 9788131732021 Anantha Raman Sita Vasantha Surya A Matavaiya 2005 A Madhaviah A Biography and a Novel Oxford University Press ISBN 0 19 567021 3 B Anitha 1998 Quality of Work Life in Commercial Banks Discovery Publishing House ISBN 81 7141 431 1 Bock Monika Rao Aparna 2000 Culture creation and procreation concepts of kinship in South Asian practice Berghahn Books ISBN 1 57181 911 8 Chatterjee Indrani Eaton Richard Maxwell 2006 Slavery amp South Asian History Indiana University Press ISBN 0 253 34810 2 Chaudhuri K N 2006 The Trading World of Asia and the English East India Company 1660 1760 Cambridge University Press ISBN 9780521031592 D Craik Alex 2007 Mr Hopkins Men Cambridge Reform and British Mathematics in the 19th Century Springer SBN 1846287901 ISBN 978 1 84628 790 9 D Sadasivan 1974 The Growth of public opinion in the Madras Presidency 1858 1909 University of Madras Deol Harnik 2000 Religion and nationalism in India the case of the Punjab Routledge ISBN 978 0 415 20108 7 Desai A R 2005 Social background of Indian nationalism Popular Prakashan ISBN 81 7154 667 6 Dutt Romesh Chunder 1999 Open Letters to Lord Curzon on Famines and Land Assessments in India Adamant Media Corporation ISBN 1 4021 5115 2 Eur 2002 Regional Surveys of the world Far East and Australasia 2003 Psychology Press ISBN 9781857431339 Gough Kathleen 2008 Rural Society in Southeast India Cambridge University ISBN 0 521 04019 1 Hibbert Christopher 2000 Queen Victoria A Personal History Harper Collins ISBN 0 00 638843 4 Ishizuka Karen L Zimmermann Patricia Rodden 2008 Mining the home movie excavations in histories and memories California Press ISBN 0 520 23087 6 Kamath Suryanath U 2001 1980 A concise history of Karnataka from pre historic times to the present Bangalore Jupiter books LCCN 80905179 OCLC 7796041 Kasbekar Asha 2006 Pop culture India media arts and lifestyle ABC CLIO ISBN 1 85109 636 1 Kothari Rajni 2004 Caste in Indian Politics Orient Blackswan ISBN 81 250 0637 0 Kulke Hermann Dietmar Rothermund 2004 A History of India Routledge UK ISBN 0 415 32919 1 Kumar Dharma 1965 Land and Caste in South India Agricultural Labor in the Madras Presidency During the Nineteenth Century CUP Archive Kumar Naresh 2003 Historical Background of Banking System Motivation And Morale in Banking Administration A Study Of Four Branches Of United Commercial Bank Mittal Publications ISBN 81 7099 897 2 M Thangaraj 2003 Tamil Nadu An Unfinished Task SAGE ISBN 0 7619 9780 6 Mehrotra Santosh K 2006 The Economics of Elementary Education in India The Challenge of Public Finance Private Provision and Household Costs SAGE ISBN 0 7619 3419 7 Mill John Stuart John M Robson Martin Moir Zawahir Moir 1996 Miscellaneous Writings Routledge ISBN 0 415 04878 8 Mollin Sandra 2006 Euro English assessing variety status Gunter Narr Verlag ISBN 978 3 8233 6250 0 Diakses tanggal 2012 11 17 O P Ralhan 2002 Encyclopaedia of Political Parties Anmol Publications Private Limited ISBN 81 7488 865 9 P V Balakrishnan 1981 Matrilineal system in Malabar Satyavani Prakashan P Kandaswamy 2001 The political career of K Kamaraj New Delhi Concept Publishing Company ISBN 81 7022 801 8 Paramanand 1985 Mahamana Madan Mohan Malaviya An Historical Biography Malaviya Adhyayan Sansthan Banaras Hindu University Patnaik Nihar Ranjan 1997 Economic History of Orissa Indus Publishing SBN 8173870756 ISBN 978 81 7387 075 0 Rai Raghunath 2011 History FK Publications ISBN 9788187139690 Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014 05 19 Diakses tanggal 2015 08 06 Ramaswamy Sumathi 1997 Passions of the Tongue Language Devotion in Tamil India 1891 1970 University of California ISBN 9780520918795 Read Anthony 1997 The Proudest Day India s Long Ride to Independence London Jonathan Cape ISBN 0 393 31898 2 Roy Kalpana 2002 Encyclopaedia of violence against women and dowry death in India Anmol Publications Private Limited ISBN 81 261 0343 4 Roy Tirthankar 2012 East India Company the Worlds Most Powerful Company Penguin Books India ISBN 9780670085071 S A Govindarajan 1969 G Subramania Iyer Publication Division Ministry of Information and Broadcasting Government of India S R Bakshi 1991 C Rajagopalachari Role in Freedom Movement Anmol Publications PVT LTD ISBN 81 7041 433 4 S Muthiah 2004 Madras Rediscovered East West Books Madras Pvt Ltd ISBN 81 88661 24 4 Seal Anil 1971 The Emergence of Indian Nationalism Competition and Collaboration in the Later Nineteenth Century CUP Archive ISBN 0 521 09652 9 Sinha Aseema 2005 The Regional Roots of Developmental Politics in India A Divided Leviathan Indiana University Press ISBN 0 253 21681 8 Smith Bardwell L 1976 Religion and Social Conflict in South Asia Brill ISBN 9789004045101 Srinivas Mysore Narasimhachar 1982 India social structure Transaction 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