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Raja Semesta Alam Sumeria lugal ki sár ra 1 atau lugal kiš ki 2 Akkadia šarru kiššat māti 1 šar kiššati 1 atau šar kišša

Raja Semesta Alam

Raja Semesta Alam (Sumeria: lugal ki-sár-ra atau lugal kiš-ki, Akkadia: šarru kiššat māti, šar-kiššati atau šar kiššatim), yang juga ditafsirkan bermakna Raja Segala-galanya, Raja Seberinda, Raja Semuanya atau Raja Dunia, adalah gelar teramat mulia yang mengklaim kedaulatan atas seluruh dunia, yang dipakai para penguasa di Mesopotamia Kuno. Gelar ini kadang-kadang ditujukan kepada Allah dalam tradisi Yahudi-Kristen.

Raja Sargon II, kepala negara Kekaisaran Asyur Baru (kanan), bergelar Raja Besar, Raja Perkasa, Raja Semesta Alam, Raja Asyur, Raja Babel, Raja Sumer dan Akad. Prasasti tersimpan di British Museum, London.
Inskripsi peninggalan raja Akad Rimush yang ditorehkan pada cangkang siput batu dari genus Murex, terbaca "Rimush, Raja Kish". Pada masa Rimush, "Raja Kish" bermakna "Raja Semesta Alam". Kini tersimpan di Louvre, Paris.

Referensi Sunting

Catatan Sunting

Kutipan Sunting

  1. ^ Levin 2002, hlm. 362.
  2. ^ Steinkeller 2013, hlm. 146.
  3. Roaf & Zgoll 2001, hlm. 284.
  4. Stevens 2014, hlm. 73.

Daftar pustaka Sunting

  • Bevan, Edwyn Robert (1902). "Antiochus III and His Title 'Great-King'". The Journal of Hellenic Studies. 22: 241–244. doi:10.2307/623929. JSTOR 623929. 
  • Brinkman, J. A. (1968). Political history of Post-Kassite Babylonia (1158-722 b. C.) (A). Gregorian Biblical BookShop. 
  • Brinkman, J. A. (1990). "Mār-bīti-apla-uṣur". Dalam Ebeling, Erich; Meissner, Bruno; Edzard, Dietz Otto. Reallexikon Der Assyriologie Und Vorderasiatischen Archãologie: Libanukšbas̆ - Medizin (Vol 7). Walter De Gruyter. 
  • Crawford, Harriet (2013). The Sumerian World. Routledge. ISBN 978-0415569675. 
  • Da Riva, Rocío (2013). The Inscriptions of Nabopolassar, Amel-Marduk and Neriglissar. Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 978-1614515876. 
  • Dalley, Stephanie (2013). "Gods from north‐eastern and north‐western Arabia in cuneiform texts from the First Sealand Dynasty, and a cuneiform inscription from Tell en‐Naṣbeh, c.1500 BC". Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy. 24 (2): 177–185. doi:10.1111/aae.12005. 
  • Frahm, Eckart (1999). "Reviewed Work: Analysis of Variants in the Assyrian Royal Titulary from the Origins to Tiglath-pileser III by Barbara Cifola". Archiv für Orientforschung. 46/47: 367–373. JSTOR 41668489. 
  • Frye, Richard Nelson (1983). "The political history of Iran under the Sasanians". The Cambridge History of Iran. 3 (1): 116–180. doi:10.1017/CHOL9780521200929.006. ISBN 9781139054942. 
  • Handy, Lowell K. (1994). Among the host of Heaven: the Syro-Palestinian pantheon as bureaucracy. Eisenbrauns. ISBN 978-0931464843. 
  • Hill, Jane A.; Jones, Philip; Morales, Antonio J. (2013). Experiencing Power, Generating Authority: Cosmos, Politics, and the Ideology of Kingship in Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia. University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 9781934536643. 
  • Hoover, Oliver D. (2009). Handbook of Syrian Coins: Royal and Civic Issues, Fourth to First Centuries BC. [The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series, Volume 9]. Classical Numismatic Group. ISBN 978-0980238747. 
  • Johnson, Eric L. (1997). "Christ, the Lord of Psychology". Journal of Psychology and Theology. 25 (1): 11–27. doi:10.1177/009164719702500102. 
  • Karlsson, Mattias (2013). Early Neo-Assyrian State Ideology Relations of Power in the Inscriptions and Iconography of Ashurnasirpal II (883–859) and Shalmaneser III (858–824). Instutionen för lingvistik och filologi, Uppsala Universitet. ISBN 978-91-506-2363-5. 
  • Karlsson, Mattias (2016). Relations of Power in Early Neo-Assyrian State Ideology. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. ISBN 9781614519683. 
  • Karlsson, Mattias (2017). "Assyrian Royal Titulary in Babylonia". 
  • Kuligowski, Waldemar (2014). "33 meters of sacrum. The analysis of discourses surrounding the statue of Christ the King of the Universe in Świebodzin". Art in Contemporary Cultural Systems. Central and Eastern Europe: 137–148. ISBN 978-83-63795-34-4. 
  • Kämmerer, Thomas R. (2014). Identities and Societies in the Ancient East-Mediterranean Regions. Ugarit Verlag. ISBN 978-3868350623. 
  • Levin, Yigal (2002). "Nimrod the Mighty, King of Kish, King of Sumer and Akkad". Vetus Testamentum. 52 (3): 350–366. doi:10.1163/156853302760197494. 
  • Liverani, Mario (2013). The Ancient Near East: History, Society and Economy. Routledge. ISBN 978-0415679060. 
  • Luckenbill, Daniel David (1927). Ancient Records of Assyria and Babylonia Volume 2: Historical Records of Assyria From Sargon to the End. University of Chicago Press. 
  • McIntosh, Jane R. (2017). Mesopotamia and the Rise of Civilization: History, Documents, and Key Questions. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1440835469. 
  • Miller, James Maxwell (1986). A History of Ancient Israel and Judah. Westminster John Knox Press. ISBN 978-0664223588. 
  • Maeda, Tohru (1981). ""King of Kish" in Pre-Sargonic Sumer". Orient. 17: 1–17. doi:10.5356/orient1960.17.1 . 
  • Mondzain, Marie-José; Franses, Rico (2013). "Iconic Space and the Rule of Lands". Hypatia. 15 (4): 58–76. JSTOR 3810674. 
  • Peat, Jerome (1989). "Cyrus "King of Lands," Cambyses "King of Babylon": The Disputed Co-Regency". Journal of Cuneiform Studies. 41 (2): 199–216. doi:10.2307/1359915. JSTOR 1359915. 
  • Pongratz-Leisten, Beate (2015). Religion and Ideology in Assyria. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. ISBN 978-1614514824. 
  • Roaf, Michael; Zgoll, Annette (2001). "Assyrian Astroglyphs: Lord Aberdeen's Black Stone and the Prisms of Esarhaddon". Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und Vorderasiatische Archäologie. 91 (2): 264–295. doi:10.1515/zava.2001.91.2.264. 
  • Ristvet, Lauren (2015). Ritual, Performance, and Politics in the Ancient Near East. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1107065215. 
  • Rollinger, Robert (2017). "Dadusa's stela and the vexed question of identifying the main actors on the relief". Iraq. 79: 203–212. doi:10.1017/irq.2017.6. 
  • Steinkeller, Piotr (2013). "An archaic "prisoner plaque" from kiš". Revue d'assyriologie et d'archéologie orientale. 107: 131–157. doi:10.3917/assy.107.0131. 
  • Stevens, Kahtryn (2014). "The Antiochus Cylinder, Babylonian Scholarship and Seleucid Imperial Ideology" (PDF). The Journal of Hellenic Studies. 134: 66–88. doi:10.1017/S0075426914000068. JSTOR 43286072. 
  • Van De Mieroop, Marc (2005). Cuneiform Texts and the Writing of History. Routledge. ISBN 978-0415195331. 
  • Yamada, Shigeo (2014). "Inscriptions of Tiglath-pileser III: Chronographic-Literary Styles and the King's Portrait". Orient. 49: 31–50. doi:10.5356/orient.49.31 . 
  • Zimansky, Paul E. (1985). "Ecology and Empire: The Structure of the Urartian State". Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization (SAOC). 41: 295–310. 

Situs web Sunting

  • "Daniel 4:3 - BibleGateway". www.biblegateway.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 24 March 2019. 
  • "The Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature". etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 17 February 2019. 
  • "Electronic Pennsylvania Sumerian Dictionary (EPSD)". psd.museum.upenn.edu (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 17 February 2019. 
  • Farrokh, Kaveh. . kavehfarrokh.org (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 19 January 2019. Diakses tanggal 19 January 2019. 
  • "La civilisation écrite sous l'empire d'Akkad". cartelen.louvre.fr (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 29 March 2019. 
  • . www.livius.org (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 19 January 2019. Diakses tanggal 19 January 2019. 
  • "Psalm 47:2 - BibleGateway". www.biblegateway.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 24 March 2019. 
  • Rich, Tracey R. (1998). "Judaism 101–Common Prayers and Blessings". www.jewfaq.org (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 24 March 2019. 
  • Yanli, Chen; Yuhong, Wu (2017). . cdli.ucla.edu (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 20 January 2019. Diakses tanggal 20 January 2019. 

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Tanggal penerbitan:
Raja Semesta Alam Sumeria lugal ki sar ra 1 atau lugal kis ki 2 Akkadia sarru kissat mati 1 sar kissati 1 atau sar kissatim 3 yang juga ditafsirkan bermakna Raja Segala galanya Raja Seberinda Raja Semuanya 2 atau Raja Dunia 4 adalah gelar teramat mulia yang mengklaim kedaulatan atas seluruh dunia yang dipakai para penguasa di Mesopotamia Kuno Gelar ini kadang kadang ditujukan kepada Allah dalam tradisi Yahudi Kristen Raja Sargon II kepala negara Kekaisaran Asyur Baru kanan bergelar Raja Besar Raja Perkasa Raja Semesta Alam Raja Asyur Raja Babel Raja Sumer dan Akad Prasasti tersimpan di British Museum London Inskripsi peninggalan raja Akad Rimush yang ditorehkan pada cangkang siput batu dari genus Murex terbaca Rimush Raja Kish Pada masa Rimush Raja Kish bermakna Raja Semesta Alam Kini tersimpan di Louvre Paris Daftar isi 1 Referensi 1 1 Catatan 1 2 Kutipan 1 3 Daftar pustaka 1 4 Situs webReferensi SuntingCatatan Sunting Kutipan Sunting a b c Levin 2002 hlm 362 a b Steinkeller 2013 hlm 146 Roaf amp Zgoll 2001 hlm 284 Stevens 2014 hlm 73 Daftar pustaka Sunting Bevan Edwyn Robert 1902 Antiochus III and His Title Great King The Journal of Hellenic Studies 22 241 244 doi 10 2307 623929 JSTOR 623929 Brinkman J A 1968 Political history of Post Kassite Babylonia 1158 722 b C A Gregorian Biblical BookShop Brinkman J A 1990 Mar biti apla uṣur Dalam Ebeling Erich Meissner Bruno Edzard Dietz Otto Reallexikon Der Assyriologie Und Vorderasiatischen Archaologie Libanuksbas Medizin Vol 7 Walter De Gruyter Crawford Harriet 2013 The Sumerian World Routledge ISBN 978 0415569675 Da Riva Rocio 2013 The Inscriptions of Nabopolassar Amel Marduk and Neriglissar Walter de Gruyter ISBN 978 1614515876 Dalley Stephanie 2013 Gods from north eastern and north western Arabia in cuneiform texts from the First Sealand Dynasty and a cuneiform inscription from Tell en Naṣbeh c 1500 BC Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy 24 2 177 185 doi 10 1111 aae 12005 Frahm Eckart 1999 Reviewed Work Analysis of Variants in the Assyrian Royal Titulary from the Origins to Tiglath pileser III by Barbara Cifola Archiv fur Orientforschung 46 47 367 373 JSTOR 41668489 Frye Richard Nelson 1983 The political history of Iran under the Sasanians The Cambridge History of Iran 3 1 116 180 doi 10 1017 CHOL9780521200929 006 ISBN 9781139054942 Handy Lowell K 1994 Among the host of Heaven the Syro Palestinian pantheon as bureaucracy Eisenbrauns ISBN 978 0931464843 Hill Jane A Jones Philip Morales Antonio J 2013 Experiencing Power Generating Authority Cosmos Politics and the Ideology of Kingship in Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia University of Pennsylvania Press ISBN 9781934536643 Hoover Oliver D 2009 Handbook of Syrian Coins Royal and Civic Issues Fourth to First Centuries BC The Handbook of Greek Coinage Series Volume 9 Classical Numismatic Group ISBN 978 0980238747 Johnson Eric L 1997 Christ the Lord of Psychology Journal of Psychology and Theology 25 1 11 27 doi 10 1177 009164719702500102 Parameter s2cid yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan bantuan Karlsson Mattias 2013 Early Neo Assyrian State Ideology Relations of Power in the Inscriptions and Iconography of Ashurnasirpal II 883 859 and Shalmaneser III 858 824 Instutionen for lingvistik och filologi Uppsala Universitet ISBN 978 91 506 2363 5 Karlsson Mattias 2016 Relations of Power in Early Neo Assyrian State Ideology Walter de Gruyter GmbH amp Co KG ISBN 9781614519683 Karlsson Mattias 2017 Assyrian Royal Titulary in Babylonia Parameter s2cid yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan bantuan Kuligowski Waldemar 2014 33 meters of sacrum The analysis of discourses surrounding the statue of Christ the King of the Universe in Swiebodzin Art in Contemporary Cultural Systems Central and Eastern Europe 137 148 ISBN 978 83 63795 34 4 Kammerer Thomas R 2014 Identities and Societies in the Ancient East Mediterranean Regions Ugarit Verlag ISBN 978 3868350623 Levin Yigal 2002 Nimrod the Mighty King of Kish King of Sumer and Akkad Vetus Testamentum 52 3 350 366 doi 10 1163 156853302760197494 Liverani Mario 2013 The Ancient Near East History Society and Economy Routledge ISBN 978 0415679060 Luckenbill Daniel David 1927 Ancient Records of Assyria and Babylonia Volume 2 Historical Records of Assyria From Sargon to the End University of Chicago Press McIntosh Jane R 2017 Mesopotamia and the Rise of Civilization History Documents and Key Questions ABC CLIO ISBN 978 1440835469 Miller James Maxwell 1986 A History of Ancient Israel and Judah Westminster John Knox Press ISBN 978 0664223588 Maeda Tohru 1981 King of Kish in Pre Sargonic Sumer Orient 17 1 17 doi 10 5356 orient1960 17 1 nbsp Mondzain Marie Jose Franses Rico 2013 Iconic Space and the Rule of Lands Hypatia 15 4 58 76 JSTOR 3810674 Peat Jerome 1989 Cyrus King of Lands Cambyses King of Babylon The Disputed Co Regency Journal of Cuneiform Studies 41 2 199 216 doi 10 2307 1359915 JSTOR 1359915 Pongratz Leisten Beate 2015 Religion and Ideology in Assyria Walter de Gruyter GmbH amp Co KG ISBN 978 1614514824 Roaf Michael Zgoll Annette 2001 Assyrian Astroglyphs Lord Aberdeen s Black Stone and the Prisms of Esarhaddon Zeitschrift fur Assyriologie und Vorderasiatische Archaologie 91 2 264 295 doi 10 1515 zava 2001 91 2 264 Parameter s2cid yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan bantuan Ristvet Lauren 2015 Ritual Performance and Politics in the Ancient Near East Cambridge University Press ISBN 978 1107065215 Rollinger Robert 2017 Dadusa s stela and the vexed question of identifying the main actors on the relief Iraq 79 203 212 doi 10 1017 irq 2017 6 Steinkeller Piotr 2013 An archaic prisoner plaque from kis Revue d assyriologie et d archeologie orientale 107 131 157 doi 10 3917 assy 107 0131 Stevens Kahtryn 2014 The Antiochus Cylinder Babylonian Scholarship and Seleucid Imperial Ideology PDF The Journal of Hellenic Studies 134 66 88 doi 10 1017 S0075426914000068 JSTOR 43286072 Van De Mieroop Marc 2005 Cuneiform Texts and the Writing of History Routledge ISBN 978 0415195331 Yamada Shigeo 2014 Inscriptions of Tiglath pileser III Chronographic Literary Styles and the King s Portrait Orient 49 31 50 doi 10 5356 orient 49 31 nbsp Zimansky Paul E 1985 Ecology and Empire The Structure of the Urartian State Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization SAOC 41 295 310 Situs web Sunting Daniel 4 3 BibleGateway www biblegateway com dalam bahasa Inggris Diakses tanggal 24 March 2019 The Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature etcsl orinst ox ac uk dalam bahasa Inggris Diakses tanggal 17 February 2019 Electronic Pennsylvania Sumerian Dictionary EPSD psd museum upenn edu dalam bahasa Inggris Diakses tanggal 17 February 2019 Farrokh Kaveh A New Translation of the Cyrus Cylinder by the British Museum kavehfarrokh org dalam bahasa Inggris Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 19 January 2019 Diakses tanggal 19 January 2019 Parameter url status yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan bantuan La civilisation ecrite sous l empire d Akkad cartelen louvre fr dalam bahasa Inggris Diakses tanggal 29 March 2019 Livius Cyrus Cylinder Translation www livius org dalam bahasa Inggris Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 19 January 2019 Diakses tanggal 19 January 2019 Parameter url status yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan bantuan Psalm 47 2 BibleGateway www biblegateway com dalam bahasa Inggris Diakses tanggal 24 March 2019 Rich Tracey R 1998 Judaism 101 Common Prayers and Blessings www jewfaq org dalam bahasa Inggris Diakses tanggal 24 March 2019 Yanli Chen Yuhong Wu 2017 The Names of the Leaders and Diplomats of Marḫasi and Related Men in the Ur III Dynasty cdli ucla edu dalam bahasa Inggris Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 20 January 2019 Diakses tanggal 20 January 2019 Parameter url status yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan bantuan nbsp Artikel bertopik sejarah ini adalah sebuah rintisan Anda dapat membantu Wikipedia dengan mengembangkannya lbs Diperoleh dari https id wikipedia org w index php title Raja Semesta Alam amp oldid 23110954