Nibru (Bahasa Sumeria: Nibru, yang secara logografis tercatat sebagai 𒂗𒆤𒆠, EN.LÍLKI, "Kota Enlil;" Bahasa Akkadia: Nibbur) merupakan salah satu kota Sumeria yang paling kuno. Lokasi ini adalah tempat ibadah khusus dewa Sumeria Enlil, "Tuan Angin," penguasa kosmos, tunduk pada An sendiri. Nippur terletak di Nuffar modern, Afak, Kegubernuran Al-Qādisiyyah, Irak.
Reruntuhan sebuah platform kuil di Nibru—struktur bata di atas dibangun oleh arkeolog Amerika pada sekitar tahun 1900. | |
Lokasi di Irak | |
| Lokasi | Nuffar, Kegubernuran Al-Qādisiyyah, Irak |
|---|---|
| Wilayah | Mesopotamia |
| Koordinat | 32°07′35.2″N 45°14′0.17″E / 32.126444°N 45.2333806°EKoordinat: 32°07′35.2″N 45°14′0.17″E / 32.126444°N 45.2333806°E |
| Jenis | Pemukiman |
Catatan Sunting
- The Cambridge Ancient History: Prolegomena & Prehistory: Vol. 1, Part 1. Accessed 15 Dec 2010.]
Referensi Sunting
- Artikel ini menyertakan teks dari suatu terbitan yang sekarang berada pada ranah publik: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Nippur". Encyclopædia Britannica (edisi ke-11). Cambridge University Press.
- Marcel Sigrist, Drehem, CDL Press, 1993, ISBN 0-9620013-6-8
- McGuire Gibson (Oriental Institute, U. of Chicago) ,' 1992
- Donald E. McCown, Excavations at Nippur, 1948–50, Journal of Near Eastern Studies, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 169–176, 1952
- V.E. Crawford, Nippur the Holy City, Archaeology, vol. 12, pp. 74–83, 1959
- D.P. Hanson and G.f. Dales, The Temple of Inanna Queen of Heaven at Nippur, Archaeology, vol. 15, pp. 75–84, 1962
- Edward Chiera, Cuneiform Series, Volume I: Sumerian Lexical Texts from the Temple School of Nippur, Oriental Institute Publication 11, 1929 2012-07-19 di Wayback Machine.
- E. C. Stone, Nippur Neighborhoods, Oriental Institute, Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization, vol. 44, 1987 2013-05-17 di Wayback Machine., ISBN 0-918986-50-8
- A. L. Oppenheim, Siege Documents from Nippur, Iraq, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 69–89, 1955
- T. Fish, The Summerian City Nippur in the Period of the Third Dynasty of Ur, Iraq, vol. 5, pp. 157–179, 1938
- John P. Peters, The Nippur Library, Journal of the American Oriental Society, vol. 26, pp. 145–164, 1905
- McGuire Gibson, A Re-Evaluation of the Akkad Period in the Diyala Region on the Basis of Recent Excavations at Nippur and in the Hamrin, American Journal of Archaeology, vol. 86, no. 4, pp. 531–538, 1982
Pranala luar Sunting
Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Nibru.
- University of Pennsylvania Museum excavations at Nippur
- The Nippur Expedition: the holy city of Nippur; history of excavations. 2007-04-03 di Wayback Machine.
- Nippur Archaeological Site Photographs at Oriental Institute 2013-11-09 di Wayback Machine.
- Drehem cuneiform tablets at Milliken University 2010-05-31 di Wayback Machine.
- GeoLocation from Google
- 85/452 Tablet, cuneiform receipt for livestock, terracotta, Drehem, 2041 BCE 2016-03-04 di Wayback Machine.