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Metamonada adalah sebuah kelompok besar eukariota basal 3 amitochondriata flagellata mikroskopis Komposisi kelompok ini

Metamonada

Metamonada adalah sebuah kelompok besar eukariota basal amitochondriata flagellata mikroskopis. Komposisi kelompok ini masih belum ditentukan secara pasti sepenuhnya, namun mereka mencakup retortamonadida, diplomonadida dan kemungkinan juga parabasalia dan oxymonadida. Keempat kelompok tersebut merupakan organisme anaerob (kebanyakan dari mereka adalah anaerob aerotolerant), biasanya merupakan sebuah simbiot atau parasit hewan, seperti pada Giardia lamblia, yang menyebabkan diare pada mamalia.

Metamonada

Giardia lamblia,seekor diplomonad parasit
Taksonomi
SuperdomainBiota
SuperkerajaanEukaryota
KerajaanProtozoa
SubkerajaanEozoa
InfrakerajaanExcavata
FilumMetamonada
Tata nama
Sinonim taksonArchezoa?
Classes & orders
  • Anaeramoeba
  • Parabasalia
    • Trichonymphea
    • Trichomonadea
  • Anaeromonada
    • Anaeromonadea
  • Fornicata
    • Carpediemonadida
    • Chilomastigida
    • Retortamonadida
    • Diplomonadida
  • l
  • b
  • s

Taksonomi sunting

  • Filum Metamonada (Grassé 1952) Cavalier-Smith 1987 emend. Cavalier-Smith 2003
    • Subfilum Anaeromonada Cavalier-Smith 1997 emend. 2003
      • Kelas Anaeromonadea Cavalier-Smith 1997 emend. 1999
        • Famili Paratrimastigidae Zhang et al. 2015
        • Ordo Trimastigida Cavalier-Smith 2003
          • Famili Trimastigidae Saville Kent 1880
        • Ordo Oxymonadida Grassé 1952 emend. Cavalier-Smith 2003
          • Famili Polymastigidae Bütschli 1884
          • Famili Saccinobaculidae Brugerolle & Lee 2002 ex Cavalier-Smith 2013
          • Famili Pyrsonymphidae Grassé 1892
          • Famili Streblomastigidae Kofoid & Swezy 1919
          • Famili Oxymonadidae Kirby 1928
    • Subfilum Trichozoa Cavalier-Smith 1996 emend. Cavalier-Smith 2003 stat. n. 2013
      • Superkelas Fornicata Simpson 2003 stat. n. Cavalier-Smith 2013
        • Genus Ergobibamus
        • Genus Hicanonectes
        • Famili Kipferliidae Cavalier-Smith 2013
        • Ordo Chilomastigida Cavalier-Smith 2013
          • Famili Chilomastigidae Cavalier-Smith 2013
        • Ordo Dysnectida Cavalier-Smith 2013
          • Famili Dysnectidae Cavalier-Smith 2013
        • Kelas Carpediemonadea Cavalier-Smith 2013 s.s.
          • Ordo Carpediemonadida Cavalier-Smith 2003 emend. 2013 s.s.
            • Famili Carpediemonadidae Cavalier-Smith 2003
        • Kelas Eopharyngea Cavalier-Smith 1993 stat. n. Cavalier-Smith 2003
          • Ordo Retortamonadida Grassé 1952 emend. Cavalier-Smith 2013
            • Famili Retortamonadidae Wenrich 1932
          • Ordo Diplomonadida Wenyon 1926 emend. Brugerolle et al. 1975
            • Famili Giardiidae Kulda & Nohy´nkova´ 1978
            • Famili Octomitidae Cavalier-Smith 1996
            • Famili Spironucleidae Cavalier-Smith 1996
            • Famili Hexamitidae Kent 1880 emend. Brugerolle et al. 1975
      • Superkelas Parabasalia Honigberg 1973 stat. n. Cavalier-Smith 2003
        • Kelas Chilomitea
          • Ordo Chilomitida
            • Famili Chilomitidae
        • Kelas Trichonymphea Cavalier-Smith 2003
          • Ordo Lophomonadida Light 1927
            • Famili Lophomonadidae Saville Kent 1880
          • Ordo Trichonymphida Poche 1913
            • Famili Spirotrichosomidae Hollande & Caruette-Valentin 1971
            • Famili Staurojoeninidae Grassé 1917
            • Famili Trichonymphidae Saville Kent 1880
            • Famili Hoplonymphidae Light 1926
            • Famili Teranymphidae Koidzumi 1921 [Eucomonymphidae]
        • Kelas Trichomonadea Kirby 1947 stat. n. Cavalier-Smith 2003
          • Ordo Trichocovinida
            • Famili Trichocovinidae
          • Ordo Trichomonadida Kirby 1947
            • Subordo Hypotrichomonadina Čepička et al. 2010 stat. n.
              • Famili Hypotrichomonadidae (Honigberg 1963) Čepička, Hampl & Kulda 2010
            • Subordo Trichomonadina (Kirby 1947) Cavalier-Smith 2013
              • Famili Trichomonadidae Chalmers & Pekkoloa 1918 sensu Hampl et al. 2006
            • Subordo Honigbergiellina Čepička et al. 2010
              • Famili Honigbergiellidae Čepička, Hampl & Kulda 2010
              • Famili Hexamastigidae Čepička, Hampl & Kulda 2010
              • Famili Tricercomitidae Čepička, Hampl & Kulda 2010
          • Ordo Tritrichomonadida Čepička et al. 2010
            • Famili Dientamoebidae Grassé 1953
            • Famili Monocercomonadidae Kirby 1944
            • Famili Simplicimonadidae Čepička et al. 2010
            • Famili Tritrichomonadidae Honigberg 1963
          • Subkelas Cristomonadia Cavalier-Smith, 2013
            • Ordo Spirotrichonymphida Grassé 1952
              • Famili Spirotrichonymphidae Grassé 1917
            • Ordo Cristamonadida Brugerolle & Patterson 2001 emend. Cavalier-Smith 2013
              • Famili Calonymphidae Grassé 1911
              • Famili Devescovinidae Doflein 1911 [Joeniidae; Rhizonymphidae; Kofoidiidae; Deltotrichonymphidae]

Referensi sunting

  1. ^ Al Jewari, Caesar; Baldauf, Sandra L. (2023-04-28). "An excavate root for the eukaryote tree of life". Science Advances. 9 (17): eade4973. doi:10.1126/sciadv.ade4973. ISSN 2375-2548. PMC 10146883  Periksa nilai |pmc= (bantuan). PMID 37115919 Periksa nilai |pmid= (bantuan). 
  2. Stairs, Courtney W.; Táborský, Petr; Salomaki, Eric D.; Kolisko, Martin; Pánek, Tomáš; Eme, Laura; Hradilová, Miluše; Vlček, Čestmír; Jerlström-Hultqvist, Jon; Roger, Andrew J.; Čepička, Ivan (2021-12-20). "Anaeramoebae are a divergent lineage of eukaryotes that shed light on the transition from anaerobic mitochondria to hydrogenosomes". Current Biology (dalam bahasa English). 31 (24): 5605–5612.e5. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.10.010 . ISSN 0960-9822. PMID 34710348 Periksa nilai |pmid= (bantuan). 
  3. Krishnan, Arunkumar; Burroughs, A. Max; Iyer, Lakshminarayan; Aravind, L. (2018-07-04). "The unexpected provenance of components in eukaryotic nucleotide-excision-repair and kinetoplast DNA-dynamics from bacterial mobile elements". bioRxiv: 361121. doi:10.1101/361121 . 
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Metamonada adalah sebuah kelompok besar eukariota basal 3 amitochondriata flagellata mikroskopis Komposisi kelompok ini masih belum ditentukan secara pasti sepenuhnya namun mereka mencakup retortamonadida diplomonadida dan kemungkinan juga parabasalia dan oxymonadida Keempat kelompok tersebut merupakan organisme anaerob kebanyakan dari mereka adalah anaerob aerotolerant biasanya merupakan sebuah simbiot atau parasit hewan seperti pada Giardia lamblia yang menyebabkan diare pada mamalia 1 MetamonadaGiardia lamblia seekor diplomonad parasitTaksonomiSuperdomainBiotaSuperkerajaanEukaryotaKerajaanProtozoaSubkerajaanEozoaInfrakerajaanExcavataFilumMetamonadaTata namaSinonim taksonArchezoa 1 Classes amp ordersAnaeramoeba 2 Parabasalia Trichonymphea Trichomonadea Anaeromonada Anaeromonadea Fornicata Carpediemonadida Chilomastigida Retortamonadida DiplomonadidalbsTaksonomi suntingFilum Metamonada Grasse 1952 Cavalier Smith 1987 emend Cavalier Smith 2003 Subfilum Anaeromonada Cavalier Smith 1997 emend 2003 Kelas Anaeromonadea Cavalier Smith 1997 emend 1999 Famili Paratrimastigidae Zhang et al 2015 Ordo Trimastigida Cavalier Smith 2003 Famili Trimastigidae Saville Kent 1880 Ordo Oxymonadida Grasse 1952 emend Cavalier Smith 2003 Famili Polymastigidae Butschli 1884 Famili Saccinobaculidae Brugerolle amp Lee 2002 ex Cavalier Smith 2013 Famili Pyrsonymphidae Grasse 1892 Famili Streblomastigidae Kofoid amp Swezy 1919 Famili Oxymonadidae Kirby 1928 Subfilum Trichozoa Cavalier Smith 1996 emend Cavalier Smith 2003 stat n 2013 Superkelas Fornicata Simpson 2003 stat n Cavalier Smith 2013 Genus Ergobibamus Genus Hicanonectes Famili Kipferliidae Cavalier Smith 2013 Ordo Chilomastigida Cavalier Smith 2013 Famili Chilomastigidae Cavalier Smith 2013 Ordo Dysnectida Cavalier Smith 2013 Famili Dysnectidae Cavalier Smith 2013 Kelas Carpediemonadea Cavalier Smith 2013 s s Ordo Carpediemonadida Cavalier Smith 2003 emend 2013 s s Famili Carpediemonadidae Cavalier Smith 2003 Kelas Eopharyngea Cavalier Smith 1993 stat n Cavalier Smith 2003 Ordo Retortamonadida Grasse 1952 emend Cavalier Smith 2013 Famili Retortamonadidae Wenrich 1932 Ordo Diplomonadida Wenyon 1926 emend Brugerolle et al 1975 Famili Giardiidae Kulda amp Nohy nkova 1978 Famili Octomitidae Cavalier Smith 1996 Famili Spironucleidae Cavalier Smith 1996 Famili Hexamitidae Kent 1880 emend Brugerolle et al 1975 Superkelas Parabasalia Honigberg 1973 stat n Cavalier Smith 2003 Kelas Chilomitea Ordo Chilomitida Famili Chilomitidae Kelas Trichonymphea Cavalier Smith 2003 Ordo Lophomonadida Light 1927 Famili Lophomonadidae Saville Kent 1880 Ordo Trichonymphida Poche 1913 Famili Spirotrichosomidae Hollande amp Caruette Valentin 1971 Famili Staurojoeninidae Grasse 1917 Famili Trichonymphidae Saville Kent 1880 Famili Hoplonymphidae Light 1926 Famili Teranymphidae Koidzumi 1921 Eucomonymphidae Kelas Trichomonadea Kirby 1947 stat n Cavalier Smith 2003 Ordo Trichocovinida Famili Trichocovinidae Ordo Trichomonadida Kirby 1947 Subordo Hypotrichomonadina Cepicka et al 2010 stat n Famili Hypotrichomonadidae Honigberg 1963 Cepicka Hampl amp Kulda 2010 Subordo Trichomonadina Kirby 1947 Cavalier Smith 2013 Famili Trichomonadidae Chalmers amp Pekkoloa 1918 sensu Hampl et al 2006 Subordo Honigbergiellina Cepicka et al 2010 Famili Honigbergiellidae Cepicka Hampl amp Kulda 2010 Famili Hexamastigidae Cepicka Hampl amp Kulda 2010 Famili Tricercomitidae Cepicka Hampl amp Kulda 2010 Ordo Tritrichomonadida Cepicka et al 2010 Famili Dientamoebidae Grasse 1953 Famili Monocercomonadidae Kirby 1944 Famili Simplicimonadidae Cepicka et al 2010 Famili Tritrichomonadidae Honigberg 1963 Subkelas Cristomonadia Cavalier Smith 2013 Ordo Spirotrichonymphida Grasse 1952 Famili Spirotrichonymphidae Grasse 1917 Ordo Cristamonadida Brugerolle amp Patterson 2001 emend Cavalier Smith 2013 Famili Calonymphidae Grasse 1911 Famili Devescovinidae Doflein 1911 Joeniidae Rhizonymphidae Kofoidiidae Deltotrichonymphidae Referensi sunting a b Al Jewari Caesar Baldauf Sandra L 2023 04 28 An excavate root for the eukaryote tree of life Science Advances 9 17 eade4973 doi 10 1126 sciadv ade4973 ISSN 2375 2548 PMC 10146883 nbsp Periksa nilai pmc bantuan PMID 37115919 Periksa nilai pmid bantuan Stairs Courtney W Taborsky Petr Salomaki Eric D Kolisko Martin Panek Tomas Eme Laura Hradilova Miluse Vlcek Cestmir Jerlstrom Hultqvist Jon Roger Andrew J Cepicka Ivan 2021 12 20 Anaeramoebae are a divergent lineage of eukaryotes that shed light on the transition from anaerobic mitochondria to hydrogenosomes Current Biology dalam bahasa English 31 24 5605 5612 e5 doi 10 1016 j cub 2021 10 010 nbsp ISSN 0960 9822 PMID 34710348 Periksa nilai pmid bantuan Parameter s2cid yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan bantuan Pemeliharaan CS1 Bahasa yang tidak diketahui link Krishnan Arunkumar Burroughs A Max Iyer Lakshminarayan Aravind L 2018 07 04 The unexpected provenance of components in eukaryotic nucleotide excision repair and kinetoplast DNA dynamics from bacterial mobile elements bioRxiv 361121 doi 10 1101 361121 nbsp Diperoleh dari https id wikipedia org w index php title Metamonada amp oldid 25268787