Mahkamah Eropa

Mahkamah Eropa (bahasa Inggris: European Court of Justice, disingkat ECJ), adalah lembaga peradilan tertinggi dalam Uni Eropa (UE) menurut Hukum Uni Eropa. Tugasnya adalah menafsirkan hukum yang berlaku bagi UE dan menjamin penerapan yang seimbang bagi semua negara anggotanya. Lembaga ini didirikan tahun 1952 dan berkedudukan di kota Luksemburg. Anggotanya terdiri dari 27 hakim, masing-masing dari negara anggota (sekarang 27), meskipun biasanya terdiri dari panel dengan tiga, lima atau tigabelas anggota hakim. Majelis ini dipimpin oleh seorang presiden. Presiden saat ini adalah Koen Lenaerts yang menjabat sejak 2015.

Mahkamah Eropa
Logo Mahkamah Eropa
Gedung Mahkamah Eropa
Didirikan	1952
Yurisdiksi	Uni Eropa dan Irlandia Utara
Lokasi	Kirchberg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
Cara penunjukkan	Diangkat oleh perwakilan negara anggota
Disahkan oleh	Perjanjian Uni Eropa
Banding dari	Pengadilan Umum Uni Eropa
Jumlah hakim	27 hakim (1 per negara anggota) 11 advokat jenderal
Situs web	curia.europa.eu
Presiden
Saat ini	Koen Lenaerts
Mulai menjabat	08 Oktober 2015 (2015-10-08)
Wakil Presiden
Saat ini	Rosario Silva de Lapuerta
Mulai menjabat	09 Oktober 2018 (2018-10-09)
Kepala Panitera
Saat ini	Alfredo Calot Escobar
Mulai menjabat	07 Oktober 2010 (2010-10-07)
Division map

Mahkamah Eropa berwenang mendengarkan putusan dalam tingkat kasasi dari Pengadilan Umum Uni Eropa (General Court).

Anggota

Periode	Negara	Anggota	Presiden	Hakim	Adv. utama
1952–1958	Italia	Massimo Pilotti	1952–1958
1952–1958	Belanda	Jos Serrarens	1952–1958
1952–1963	Jerman	Otto Riese	1952–1963
1952–1967	Belgia	Louis Delvaux	1952–1967
1952–1962	Prancis	Jacques Rueff	1952–1962
1952–1967	Luksemburg	Charles Léon Hammes	1964–1967	1952–1964
1952–1958	Belanda	Adrianus van Kleffens	1952–1958
1952–1964	Prancis	Maurice Lagrange	1952–1964
1953–1973	Jerman	Karl Roemer	1953–1973
1958–1964	Italia	Rino Rossi	1958–1964
1958–1979	Belanda	Andreas Matthias Donner	1958–1964	1964–1979
1958–1961	Italia	Nicola Catalano	1958–1961
1962–1976	Italia	Alberto Trabucchi	1962–1972	1973–1976
1962–1976	Prancis	Robert Lecourt	1967–1976	1962–1967
1963–1970	Jerman	Walter Strauss	1963–1970
1964–1976	Italia	Riccardo Monaco	1964–1976
1964–1970	Prancis	Joseph Gand	1964–1970
1967–1984	Belgia	Josse Mertens de Wilmars	1980–1984	1967–1980
1967–1985	Luksemburg	Pierre Pescatore	1967–1985
1970–1980	Jerman	Hans Kutscher	1976–1980	1970–1976
1970–1972	Prancis	Alain Louis Dutheillet de Lamothe	1970–1972
1972–1981	Prancis	Henri Mayras	1972–1981
1973–1974	Irlandia	Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh	1973–1974
1973–1979	Denmark	Max Sørensen	1973–1979
1973–1988	Britania Raya	Alexander Mackenzie Stuart	1984–1988	1973–1984
1973–1981	Britania Raya	Jean-Pierre Warner	1973–1981
1973–1981	Jerman	Gerhard Reischl	1973–1981
1975–1985	Irlandia	Aindrias Ó Caoimh	1975–1985
1976–1982	Italia	Francesco Capotorti [it]	1976–1976	1976–1982
1976–1988	Italia	Giacinto Bosco	1976–1988
1976–1982	Prancis	Adolphe Touffait	1976–1982
1979–1990	Belanda	Thijmen Koopmans	1979–1990
1979–1994	Denmark	Ole Due	1988–1994	1979–1988
1980–1988	Jerman	Ulrich Everling	1980–1988
1981–1982	Yunani	Alexandros Chloros	1981–1982
1981–1992	Britania Raya	Gordon Slynn	1988–1992	1981–1988
1981–1984	Prancis	Simone Rozès	1981–1984
1981–1986	Belanda	Pieter verLoren van Themaat	1981–1986
1981–1982 1988–1994	Prancis	Fernand Grévisse	1981–1982 1988–1994
1982–1988	Jerman	Kai Bahlmann	1982–1988
1982–1999	Italia	Giuseppe Federico Mancini [it]	1988–1999	1982–1988
1982–1988	Prancis	Yves Galmot	1982–1988
1983–1997	Yunani	Constantinos Kakouris	1983–1997
1984–1997	Jerman	Carl Otto Lenz	1984–1997
1984–1994	Prancis	Marco Darmon	1984–1994
1984–1995	Belgia	René Joliet	1984–1995
1985–1991	Irlandia	Thomas Francis O'Higgins	1985–1991
1985–1996	Luksemburg	Fernand Schockweiler	1985–1996
1986–1991 1997–2003	Luksemburg	Jean Mischo	1986–1991 1997–2003
1986–2000	Portugal	José Carlos de Carvalho Moitinho de Almeida	1986–2000
1986–1988 2012–2018	Portugal	José Luís da Cruz Vilaça [de]	2012–2018	1986–1988
1986–2003	Spanyol	Gil Carlos Rodriguez Iglesias	1994–2003	1986–1994
1988–1994	Spanyol	Manuel Diez de Velasco	1988–1994
1988–1994	Jerman	Manfred Zuleeg	1988–1994
1988–1994	Belgia	Walter van Gerven	1988–1994
1988–2006	Britania Raya	Francis G. Jacobs	1988–2006
1988–1998	Italia	Giuseppe Tesauro	1988–1998
1990–2000	Belanda	Paul Joan George Kapteyn	1990–2000
1991–2006	Denmark	Claus Christian Gulmann	1994–2006	1991–1994
1991–1999	Irlandia	John L. Murray	1991–1999
1992–2004	Britania Raya	David Edward	1992–2004
1994–2006	Italia	Antonio Mario La Pergola	1994–1994 1999–2006	1995–1999
1994–2000	Yunani	Georges Cosmas	1994–2000
1994–2000	Jerman	Günter Hirsch	1994–2000
1994–1997	Denmark	Michael Bendik Elmer	1994–1997
1994–2006	Prancis	Jean-Pierre Puissochet	1994–2006
1994–2006	Prancis	Philippe Léger	1994–2006
1995–2000	Swedia	Hans Ragnemalm	1995–2000
1995–2002	Finlandia	Leif Sevón	1995–2002
1995–2000	Irlandia	Nial Fennelly	1995–2000
1995–2003 2012–2018	Belgia	Melchior Wathelet	1995–2003	2012–2018
1995–2009	Austria	Peter Jann	1995–2009
1995–2009	Spanyol	Dámaso Ruiz-Jarabo Colomer	1995–2009
1996–2007	Luksemburg	Romain Schintgen	1996–2008
1997–1999	Yunani	Krateros Ioannou	1997–1999
1997–2003	Jerman	Siegbert Alber	1997–2003
1998–2000	Italia	Antonio Saggio	1998–2000
1999–2015	Yunani	Vassilios Skouris	2003–2015	1999–2003
1999–2004	Irlandia	Fidelma O’Kelly Macken	1999–2004
2000–2006	Jerman	Ninon Colneric	2000–2006
2000–2006	Swedia	Stig von Bahr	2000–2006
2000–2018	Italia	Antonio Tizzano	2006–2018	2000–2006
2000–2012	Portugal	José Narciso da Cunha Rodrigues	2000–2012
2000–2010	Belanda	Christiaan Timmermans	2000–2010
2000–2006	Belanda	Ad Geelhoed	2000–2006
2000–2006	Austria	Christine Stix-Hackl	2000–2006
2002–2019	Finlandia	Allan Rosas	2002–2019
2003–2021	Spanyol	Rosario Silva de Lapuerta	2003–2021
2003–present	Belgia	Koen Lenaerts	2015–present	2003–2015
2003–present	Jerman	Juliane Kokott	2003–present
2003–2009	Portugal	Luís Miguel Poiares Pessoa Maduro	2003–2009
2004–2012	Britania Raya	Hermann Theodor Schiemann	2004–2012
2004–2009	Polandia	Jerzy Makarczyk	2004–2009
2004–2010	Lituania	Pranas Kūris	2004–2010
2004–2021	Hungaria	Endre Juhász	2004–2021
2004–2014	Siprus	George Arestis	2004–2014
2004–2018	Malta	Anthony Borg Barthet	2004–2018
2004–present	Slovenia	Marko Ilešič	2004–present
2004–2020	Ceko	Jiří Malenovský	2004–2020
2004–2009	Slowakia	Ján Klučka	2004–2009
2004–2013	Estonia	Uno Lõhmus	2004–2013
2004–2019	Latvia	Egils Levits	2004–2019
2004–2015	Irlandia	Aindrias Ó Caoimh	2004–2015
2006–present	Denmark	Lars Bay Larsen	2006–present
2006–2020	Britania Raya	Eleanor Sharpston	2006–2020
2006–2018	Italia	Paolo Mengozzi	2006–2018
2006–2011	Swedia	Pernilla Lindh	2006–2011
2006–present	Prancis	Jean-Claude Bonichot	2006–present
2006–present	Jerman	Thomas von Danwitz	2006–present
2006–2019	Prancis	Yves Bot	2006–2019
2006–2012	Slowakia	Ján Mazák	2006–2012
2006–2012	Slovenia	Verica Trstenjak	2006–2012
2007–present	Bulgaria	Alexander Arabadjiev	2007–present
2007–2021	Rumania	Camelia Toader	2007–2021
2008–2013	Luksemburg	Jean-Jacques Kasel	2008–2013
2009–present	Polandia	Marek Safjan	2009–present
2009–2021	Slowakia	Daniel Šváby	2009–2021
2009–2019	Austria	Maria Berger	2009–2019
2009–2015 2019–present	Finlandia	Niilo Jääskinen	2019–present	2009–2015
2009–2015	Spanyol	Pedro Cruz Villalón	2009–2015
2010–present	Belanda	Sacha Prechal	2010–present
2010–2018	Lituania	Egidijus Jarašiūnas	2010–2018
2011–2019	Swedia	Carl Gustav Fernlund	2011–2019
2012–2020	Britania Raya	Christopher Vajda	2012–2020
2012–2019 2019–present	Swedia	Nils Wahl [sv]	2019–present	2012–2019
2013–present	Kroasia	Siniša Rodin	2013–present
2013–present	Luksemburg	François Biltgen	2013–present
2013–present	Estonia	Küllike Jürimäe	2013–present
2013–present	Polandia	Maciej Szpunar	2013–present
2014–present	Siprus	Constantinos Lycourgos	2014–present
2015–2021	Ceko	Michal Bobek	2015–2021
2015–present	Spanyol	Manuel Campos Sánchez Bordona	2015–present
2015–present	Irlandia	Eugene Regan	2015–present
2015–2021	Denmark	Henrik Saugmandsgaard Øe	2015–2021
2015–2021	Yunani	Michail Vilaras	2015–2021
2016–2021	Bulgaria	Evgeni Tanchev	2016–2021
2018–present	Malta	Peter George Xuereb	2018–present
2018–present	Portugal	Nuno José Cardoso da Silva Piçarra	2018–present
2018–present	Italia	Lucia Serena Rossi	2018–present
2018–2021	Irlandia	Gerard Hogan	2018–2021
2018–present	Italia	Giovanni Pitruzzella	2018–present
2018–present	Lituania	Irmantas Jarukaitis	2018–present
2019–present	Estonia	Priit Pikamäe	2019–present
2019–present	Austria	Andreas Kumin	2019–present
2020–present	Prancis	Jean Richard de la Tour	2020–present
2020–present	Yunani	Athanasios Rantos	2020–present
2020–present	Latvia	Ineta Ziemele	2020–present
2020–present	Ceko	Jan Passer	2020–present
2021–present	Yunani	Dimitrios Gratsias	2021–present
2021–present	Spanyol	Maria Lourdes Arastey Sahún	2021–present
2021–present	Irlandia	Anthony Collins	2021–present
2021–present	Slowakia	Miroslav Gavalec	2021–present
2021–present	Siprus	Nicholas Emiliou	2021–present
2021–present	Hungaria	Zoltán Csehi	2021–present
2021–present	Rumania	Octavia Spineanu-Matei	2021–present
2021–present	Kroasia	Tamara Ćapeta	2021–present
2021–present	Latvia	Laila Medina	2021–present

Referensi

1. House of Lords European Union Committee (1 June 2020). (Laporan). House of Lords. hlm. 65. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2021-01-31. Diakses tanggal 2 January 2021. The Protocol will also confer full jurisdiction on the CJEU to oversee the operation of EU law applying to Northern Ireland in relation to customs and the movement of goods, technical regulations, VAT and excise, the Single Electricity Market and State aid; including the jurisdiction to hear applications for preliminary rulings submitted by the courts of Northern Ireland. The UK will have the right to participate in these proceedings as if it were a Member State. 
2. . Europa (web portal). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2011-02-09. Diakses tanggal 2007-07-13.