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Henry H Arnold Henry Harley Hap Arnold 25 Juni 1886 15 Januari 1950 adalah seorang perwira jenderal Amerika yang meraih

Henry H. Arnold

Henry Harley "Hap" Arnold (25 Juni 1886 – 15 Januari 1950) adalah seorang perwira jenderal Amerika yang meraih pangkat Jenderal Besar Angkatan Darat dan Marsekal Besar. Arnold adalah seorang pelopor penerbangan, Ketua Korps Udara (1938–1941), Komando Jenderal Pasukan Udara Angkatan Darat AS pada Perang Dunia II, satu-satunya jenderal Angkatan Udara AS yang meraih pangkat bintang lima, dan satu-satunya perwira berpangkat bintang lima dalam dua pelayanan militer AS yang berbeda. Arnold juga merupakan pendiri Proyek RAND, RAND Corporation, dan salah satu pendiri Pan American World Airways.

Marsekal Besar
Henry H. Arnold
Jenderal Henry H. Arnold
Nama lahirHenry Harley Arnold
Julukan"Hap"
Lahir(1886-06-25)25 Juni 1886
Gladwyne, Pennsylvania
Meninggal15 Januari 1950(1950-01-15) (umur 63)
Sonoma, California
Tempat pemakamanPemakaman Nasional Arlington
Pengabdian Amerika Serikat
Dinas/cabang Angkatan Darat Amerika Serikat
 Angkatan Udara Amerika Serikat
Lama dinas1907-1947 (Angkatan Darat)
1947-1950 (Angkatan Udara)
Pangkat Jenderal Besar
Marsekal Besar
NRPO-2255
Komandan Pasukan Udara Angkatan Darat AS
Angkatan Udara Kedua Puluh
Sayap ke-1, Pasukan Udara GHQ
Perang/pertempuranPerang Dunia I
Perang Dunia II
PenghargaanDistinguished Service Medal
Legion of Merit
Distinguished Flying Cross
Air Medal

Diajari menerbang oleh Wright bersaudara, Arnold adalah salah satu pilot militer pertama di dunia, dan salah satu dari tiga pilot berpangkat dalam sejarah Angkatan Udara Amerika Serikat.

Catatan Sunting

  1. Arnold, Capt. Charles DeF. Chandler, and Lt. Thomas Milling all qualified for the rating on July 5, 1912. Milling received the first certificate while Arnold was listed first on War Department General Order No. 39, which was the first list of rated Military Aviators. (Hennessy 1958, hlm. 59, 229)
  1. "Henry Harley "Hap" Arnold". Arlington National Cemetery. 2011. Diakses tanggal January 13, 2011. 

Referensi Sunting

  • Arnold, Henry H. (1949). Global Mission, Harper and Brothers Publishers, New York. (1989 reprint, McGraw-Hill Publishing, ISBN 0-8306-4004-5)
  • Association of Graduates (2012). Biographical Register of the Officers and Graduates of the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York. West Point, New York: USMA Digital Library.  ("Cullum's Biographical Register") Vol. 9 1940-1950 2013-03-17 di Wayback Machine.
  • Cameron, Rebecca Hancock (1999). Training to Fly: Military Flight Training 1907–1945. Washington, D.C.: Air Force History and Museums Program. OCLC 606500804. 
  • Cate, James L (1954). "Vol. 5 The Pacific: MATTERHORN to Nagasaki June 1944 to August 1945" (PDF). The Army Air Forces in World War II. Air Force Historical Studies Office. Diakses tanggal 2012-08-11. 
  • Craven, Wesley Frank, and Cate, James Lea (1948). (PDF). The Army Air Forces in World War II. Air Force Historical Studies Office. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2016-10-18. Diakses tanggal 2012-08-11. 
  • Clay, Lt.Col. Steven E. (2010). (PDF). Command and General Staff College, Kansas: Combat Studies Institute Press. ISBN 978-0-9841901-4-0. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2011-08-13. Diakses tanggal 2011-09-20. 
  • Coffey, Thomas M. (1982). Hap: The Story of the U.S. Air Force and the Man Who Built It General Henry H. 'Hap' Arnold. Viking Press. ISBN 0-670-36069-4. 
  • Davis, Richard G. (1997). (PDF). Bolling AFB, Washington, D.C.: Air Force History and Museums Program. ISBN 0-16-049071-5. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2011-07-22. Diakses tanggal 2015-12-06. 
  • Goss, William A. (1954). "Origins of the Army Air Forces". Dalam Craven, Wesley F. and Cate, James L. The Army Air Forces in World War II Vol. Six: Men and Planes. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-912799-03-X. 
  • Griffith, Charles (1999). (PDF). Maxwell Air Force Base: Air University Press. ISBN 1-58566-069-8. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2005-01-28. Diakses tanggal 2011-01-12. 
  • Haller, Stephen A. The Last Word in Airfields: A Special History Study of Crissy Field, Presidio of San Francisco, California (PDF). San Francisco, California: National Park Service. Diakses tanggal January 1, 2013. 
  • Heimdahl, William C., and Hurley, Alfred F., "The Roots of U.S. Military Aviation," Winged Shield, Winged Sword: A History of the United States Air Force Vol. I (1997), ISBN 0-16-049009-X
  • Herman, Arthur (2012). Freedom's Forge: How American Business Produced Victory in World War II. New York: Random House. ISBN 978-1-4000-6964-4
  • Hofmann, George F. (2006). Through Mobility We Conquer: The Mechanization of the U.S. Cavalry. Lexington, Kentucky: The University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 0-8131-2403-4. 
  • Huston, John W. (2002). "Biography". Dalam Maj. Gen. John W. Huston, USAF. (PDF). Air University Press. ISBN 1-58566-093-0. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2015-05-03. Diakses tanggal 2015-12-06.  Huston's introductory "Biography" is 108 pages in length and a detailed account of Arnold's life, both professional and personal, to 1941.
  • Jordan, Jonathan W. (2015), American Warlords: How Roosevelt's High Command Led America to Victory in World War II (NAL/Caliber 2015).
  • Nalty, Bernard C., editor (1997). Winged Shield, Winged Sword: A History of the United States Air Force. Air Force History and Museums Program. ISBN 0-16-049009-X. 
  • Perret, Geoffrey (1997). Winged Victory: The U.S. Army Air Corps During World War II, Random House. ISBN 978-0-375-75047-2
  • Rice, Rondall Ravor (2004). The Politics of Air Power: From Confrontation to Cooperation in Army Aviation Civil-Military Relations, University of Nebraska Press. ISBN 0-8032-3960-2
  • Tate, Dr. James P. (1998). The Army and its Air Corps: Army Policy Toward Aviation 1919-1941. Air University Press. ISBN 0-16-061379-5. 
  • Walker, Lois F. and Wickam, Shelby Z. (1986). "Part I: Huffman Prairie 1904-1916". From Huffman Prairie to the Moon: A History of Wright-Patterson Air Force Base. Office of History, 2750th Air Base Wing, WPAFB. ISBN 0-16-002204-5. 
  • Watson, George M. Jr. (2002). "Arnold, Henry H. "Hap" (1886-1950)". Dalam Walter J. Boyne. Air Warfare: An International Encyclopedia, Vol. I, Entries A-l. ABC-CLIO, Inc. hlm. 45. ISBN 1-57607-345-9. 
  • No. 89: Greer, Thomas H. (1985). (PDF). Maxwell Air Force Base: Center For Air Force History. ISBN 0-912799-25-0. OCLC 12558056. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2013-03-13. Diakses tanggal 2011-01-11. 
  • No. 91: Fogerty, Robert P. (1953). (PDF). Maxwell Air Force Base: USAF Historical Division. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2012-06-09. Diakses tanggal 2011-08-10. 
  • No. 98: Hennessy, Juliette A. (1958). (PDF). Maxwell Air Force Base: USAF Historical Division. ISBN 0-912799-34-X. OCLC 12553968. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2011-07-22. Diakses tanggal 2011-08-10. 
  • No. 112: Cate, James L. (1945). (PDF). Maxwell Air Force Base: USAF Historical Division. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2013-03-13. Diakses tanggal 2015-08-14. 

Pranala luar Sunting

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Henry Harley Hap Arnold 25 Juni 1886 15 Januari 1950 adalah seorang perwira jenderal Amerika yang meraih pangkat Jenderal Besar Angkatan Darat dan Marsekal Besar Arnold adalah seorang pelopor penerbangan Ketua Korps Udara 1938 1941 Komando Jenderal Pasukan Udara Angkatan Darat AS pada Perang Dunia II satu satunya jenderal Angkatan Udara AS yang meraih pangkat bintang lima dan satu satunya perwira berpangkat bintang lima dalam dua pelayanan militer AS yang berbeda 1 Arnold juga merupakan pendiri Proyek RAND RAND Corporation dan salah satu pendiri Pan American World Airways Marsekal Besar Henry H ArnoldJenderal Henry H ArnoldNama lahirHenry Harley ArnoldJulukan Hap Lahir 1886 06 25 25 Juni 1886Gladwyne PennsylvaniaMeninggal15 Januari 1950 1950 01 15 umur 63 Sonoma CaliforniaTempat pemakamanPemakaman Nasional ArlingtonPengabdian Amerika SerikatDinas cabang Angkatan Darat Amerika Serikat Angkatan Udara Amerika SerikatLama dinas1907 1947 Angkatan Darat 1947 1950 Angkatan Udara PangkatJenderal Besar Marsekal BesarNRPO 2255KomandanPasukan Udara Angkatan Darat AS Angkatan Udara Kedua PuluhSayap ke 1 Pasukan Udara GHQPerang pertempuranPerang Dunia IPerang Dunia IIPenghargaanDistinguished Service MedalLegion of MeritDistinguished Flying CrossAir MedalDiajari menerbang oleh Wright bersaudara Arnold adalah salah satu pilot militer pertama di dunia dan salah satu dari tiga pilot berpangkat dalam sejarah Angkatan Udara Amerika Serikat nb 1 Catatan SuntingCatatan kaki Arnold Capt Charles DeF Chandler and Lt Thomas Milling all qualified for the rating on July 5 1912 Milling received the first certificate while Arnold was listed first on War Department General Order No 39 which was the first list of rated Military Aviators Hennessy 1958 hlm 59 229 Kutipan Henry Harley Hap Arnold Arlington National Cemetery 2011 Diakses tanggal January 13 2011 Referensi SuntingArnold Henry H 1949 Global Mission Harper and Brothers Publishers New York 1989 reprint McGraw Hill Publishing ISBN 0 8306 4004 5 Association of Graduates 2012 Biographical Register of the Officers and Graduates of the United States Military Academy at West Point New York West Point New York USMA Digital Library Cullum s Biographical Register Vol 9 1940 1950 Diarsipkan 2013 03 17 di Wayback Machine Cameron Rebecca Hancock 1999 Training to Fly Military Flight Training 1907 1945 Washington D C Air Force History and Museums Program OCLC 606500804 Cate James L 1954 Vol 5 The Pacific MATTERHORN to Nagasaki June 1944 to August 1945 PDF The Army Air Forces in World War II Air Force Historical Studies Office Diakses tanggal 2012 08 11 Craven Wesley Frank and Cate James Lea 1948 Vol 1 Plans and Early Operations January 1939 to August 1942 PDF The Army Air Forces in World War II Air Force Historical Studies Office Diarsipkan dari versi asli PDF tanggal 2016 10 18 Diakses tanggal 2012 08 11 Clay Lt Col Steven E 2010 US Army Order of Battle 1919 1941 Vol 3 The Services Air Service Engineers and Special Troops Organizations PDF Command and General Staff College Kansas Combat Studies Institute Press ISBN 978 0 9841901 4 0 Diarsipkan dari versi asli PDF tanggal 2011 08 13 Diakses tanggal 2011 09 20 Coffey Thomas M 1982 Hap The Story of the U S Air Force and the Man Who Built It General Henry H Hap Arnold Viking Press ISBN 0 670 36069 4 Davis Richard G 1997 HAP Henry H Arnold Military Aviator PDF Bolling AFB Washington D C Air Force History and Museums Program ISBN 0 16 049071 5 Diarsipkan dari versi asli PDF tanggal 2011 07 22 Diakses tanggal 2015 12 06 Goss William A 1954 Origins of the Army Air Forces Dalam Craven Wesley F and Cate James L The Army Air Forces in World War II Vol Six Men and Planes University of Chicago Press ISBN 0 912799 03 X Pemeliharaan CS1 Banyak nama editors list link Griffith Charles 1999 The Quest Haywood Hansell and American Strategic Bombing in World War II PDF Maxwell Air Force Base Air University Press ISBN 1 58566 069 8 Diarsipkan dari versi asli PDF tanggal 2005 01 28 Diakses tanggal 2011 01 12 Haller Stephen A The Last Word in Airfields A Special History Study of Crissy Field Presidio of San Francisco California PDF San Francisco California National Park Service Diakses tanggal January 1 2013 Heimdahl William C and Hurley Alfred F The Roots of U S Military Aviation Winged Shield Winged Sword A History of the United States Air Force Vol I 1997 ISBN 0 16 049009 X Herman Arthur 2012 Freedom s Forge How American Business Produced Victory in World War II New York Random House ISBN 978 1 4000 6964 4 Hofmann George F 2006 Through Mobility We Conquer The Mechanization of the U S Cavalry Lexington Kentucky The University Press of Kentucky ISBN 0 8131 2403 4 Huston John W 2002 Biography Dalam Maj Gen John W Huston USAF American Airpower Comes of Age General Henry H Hap Arnold s World War II Diaries PDF Air University Press ISBN 1 58566 093 0 Diarsipkan dari versi asli PDF tanggal 2015 05 03 Diakses tanggal 2015 12 06 Huston s introductory Biography is 108 pages in length and a detailed account of Arnold s life both professional and personal to 1941 The Wartime Leadership of Hap Arnold In Alfred F Hurley and Robert C Erhart eds Air Power and Air Warfare 1979 168 85 Jordan Jonathan W 2015 American Warlords How Roosevelt s High Command Led America to Victory in World War II NAL Caliber 2015 Nalty Bernard C editor 1997 Winged Shield Winged Sword A History of the United States Air Force Air Force History and Museums Program ISBN 0 16 049009 X Pemeliharaan CS1 Banyak nama authors list link Pemeliharaan CS1 Teks tambahan authors list link Perret Geoffrey 1997 Winged Victory The U S Army Air Corps During World War II Random House ISBN 978 0 375 75047 2 Rice Rondall Ravor 2004 The Politics of Air Power From Confrontation to Cooperation in Army Aviation Civil Military Relations University of Nebraska Press ISBN 0 8032 3960 2 Tate Dr James P 1998 The Army and its Air Corps Army Policy Toward Aviation 1919 1941 Air University Press ISBN 0 16 061379 5 Walker Lois F and Wickam Shelby Z 1986 Part I Huffman Prairie 1904 1916 From Huffman Prairie to the Moon A History of Wright Patterson Air Force Base Office of History 2750th Air Base Wing WPAFB ISBN 0 16 002204 5 Pemeliharaan CS1 Banyak nama authors list link Watson George M Jr 2002 Arnold Henry H Hap 1886 1950 Dalam Walter J Boyne Air Warfare An International Encyclopedia Vol I Entries A l ABC CLIO Inc hlm 45 ISBN 1 57607 345 9 Pembelajaran Sejarah USAFNo 89 Greer Thomas H 1985 The Development of Air Doctrine in the Army Air Arm 1917 1941 PDF Maxwell Air Force Base Center For Air Force History ISBN 0 912799 25 0 OCLC 12558056 Diarsipkan dari versi asli PDF tanggal 2013 03 13 Diakses tanggal 2011 01 11 No 91 Fogerty Robert P 1953 Biographical Data on Air Force General Officers 1917 1952 Volume 1 A thru L PDF Maxwell Air Force Base USAF Historical Division Diarsipkan dari versi asli PDF tanggal 2012 06 09 Diakses tanggal 2011 08 10 No 98 Hennessy Juliette A 1958 The United States Army Air Arm April 1861 to April 1917 PDF Maxwell Air Force Base USAF Historical Division ISBN 0 912799 34 X OCLC 12553968 Diarsipkan dari versi asli PDF tanggal 2011 07 22 Diakses tanggal 2011 08 10 No 112 Cate James L 1945 History of the Twentieth Air Force Genesis PDF Maxwell Air Force Base USAF Historical Division Diarsipkan dari versi asli PDF tanggal 2013 03 13 Diakses tanggal 2015 08 14 JurnalDaso Major Dik A USAF 1996 Origins of Airpower Hap Arnold s Early Career in Aviation Technology 1903 1935 PDF Airpower Journal X Winter Diakses tanggal 2011 01 07 Part I 1997 Origins of Airpower Hap Arnold s Command Years and Aviation Technology 1936 1945 PDF Airpower Journal XI Fall Diakses tanggal 2011 01 12 Part II 2013 Arnold s Evolution AIR FORCE Magazine 96 9 Diakses tanggal 11 September 2013 Pranala luar Sunting nbsp Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Henry H Arnold NMUSAF fact sheet Gen Henry H Hap Arnold General Henry H Arnold official USAF biography Diarsipkan 2012 12 12 di Wayback Machine General of the Air Force Henry H Hap Arnold Diarsipkan 2009 06 30 di Wayback Machine Air University biography Templat Early Aviators Film pendek Big Picture The Hap Arnold Story tersedia untuk diunduh secara gratis di the Internet Archive selebihnya Arnold Air Society biography Diarsipkan 2010 12 02 di Wayback Machine National Aviation Hall of Fame enshrinement page Diarsipkan 2011 08 05 di Wayback Machine PersondataNama Arnold Henry H Nama alternatifDeskripsi singkat Jenderal Angkatan DaratTanggal lahir 25 Juni 1886Tempat lahir Gladwyne PennsylvaniaTanggal kematian 15 Januari 1950Tempat kematian Sonoma California Diperoleh dari https id wikipedia org w index php title Henry H Arnold amp oldid 21145781