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Bahasa Navajo atau bahasa Navaho Diné bizaad adalah sebuah bahasa pribumi di Amerika bagian utara dan tepatnya di sebela

Bahasa Navajo

Bahasa Navajo atau bahasa Navaho (Diné bizaad) adalah sebuah bahasa pribumi di Amerika bagian utara dan tepatnya di sebelah barat daya Amerika Serikat. Bahasa ini terutama dipertuturkan oleh suku bangsa Navajo dan jumlah penutur bahasa ini kurang lebih adalah 175.000 jiwa. Bahasa Navajo termasuk rumpun bahasa Na-Dene. bahasa Navajo adalah bahasa yang dipakai sebagai sandi yang tak terpecahkan di perang dunia kedua.

Bahasa Navajo
Diné bizaad
Dituturkan di Amerika Serikat
WilayahArizona, New Mexico, Utah, Colorado
Penutur
168,438 (2005)
  • Dené–Yeniseian
    • Na-Dené
      • Athabaskan-Eyak
        • Athabaskan
          • Athabaskan Selatan
            • Southwestern Apache
              • Western
                • Navajo
Kode bahasa
ISO 639-1nv
ISO 639-2nav
ISO 639-3nav
Lokasi penuturan
 Portal Bahasa
L • B • PW
Bantuan penggunaan templat ini
Pemberitahuan
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13.19, Minggu, 3 September, 2023 (UTC) • hapus singgahan

Referensi Sunting

  1. mla.org 2005 American Community Survey. Accessed 2010-07-13.

Pranala luar Sunting

Wikipedia juga mempunyai edisi Bahasa Navajo

Linguistik Sunting

Bibliografi Sunting

Pendidikan Sunting

  • Blair, Robert W.; Simmons, Leon; & Witherspoon, Gary. (1969). Navaho Basic Course. Brigham Young University Printing Services.
  • Goossen, Irvy W. (1967). Navajo made easier: A course in conversational Navajo. Flagstaff, AZ: Northland Press.
  • Goossen, Irvy W. (1995). Diné bizaad: Speak, read, write Navajo. Flagstaff, AZ: Salina Bookshelf. ISBN 0-9644189-1-6
  • Goossen, Irvy W. (1997). Diné bizaad: Sprechen, Lesen und Schreiben Sie Navajo. Loder, P. B. (transl.). Flagstaff, AZ: Salina Bookshelf.
  • Haile, Berard. (1941–1948). Learning Navaho, (Vols. 1–4). St. Michaels, AZ: St. Michael's Mission.
  • Platero, Paul R. (1986). Diné bizaad bee naadzo: A conversational Navajo text for secondary schools, colleges and adults. Farmington, NM: Navajo Preparatory School.
  • Platero, Paul R.; Legah, Lorene; & Platero, Linda S. (1985). Diné bizaad bee naʼadzo: A Navajo language literacy and grammar text. Farmington, NM: Navajo Language Institute.
  • Tapahonso, Luci, & Schick, Eleanor. (1995). Navajo ABC: A Diné alphabet book. New York: Macmillan Books for Young Readers. ISBN 0-689-80316-8
  • Witherspoon, Gary. (1985). Diné Bizaad Bóhooʼaah for secondary schools, colleges, and adults. Farmington, NM: Navajo Language Institute.
  • Witherspoon, Gary. (1986). Diné Bizaad Bóhooʼaah I: A conversational Navajo text for secondary schools, colleges and adults. Farmington, NM: Navajo Language Institute.
  • Wilson, Alan. (1969). Breakthrough Navajo: An introductory course. Gallup, NM: The University of New Mexico, Gallup Branch.
  • Wilson, Alan. (1970). Laughter, the Navajo way. Gallup, NM: The University of New Mexico at Gallup.
  • Wilson, Alan. (1978). Speak Navajo: An intermediate text in communication. Gallup, NM: University of New Mexico, Gallup Branch.
  • Wilson, Garth A. (1995). Conversational Navajo workbook: An introductory course for non-native speakers. Blanding, UT: Conversational Navajo Publications. ISBN 0-938717-54-5.
  • Yazzie, Evangeline Parsons, and Margaret Speas (2008). Diné Bizaad Bínáhoo'aah: Rediscovering the Navajo Language. Flagstaff, AZ: Salina Bookshelf, Inc. ISBN 978-1-893354-73-9

Linguistik & referensi lain Sunting

  • Akmajian, Adrian; & Anderson, Stephen. (1970). On the use of the fourth person in Navajo, or Navajo made harder. International Journal of American Linguistics, 36 (1), 1–8.
  • Creamer, Mary Helen. (1974). Ranking in Navajo nouns. Navajo Language Review, 1, 29–38.
  • Faltz, Leonard M. (1998). The Navajo verb: A grammar for students and scholars. Albuquerque, NM: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 0-8263-1901-7 (hb), ISBN 0-8263-1902-5 (pbk)
  • Frishberg, Nancy. (1972). Navajo object markers and the great chain of being. In J. Kimball (Ed.), Syntax and semantics (Vol. 1, p. 259–266). New York: Seminar Press.
  • Grimes, Barbara F. (Ed.). (2000). Ethnologue: Languages of the world, (14th ed.). Dallas, TX: SIL International. ISBN 1-55671-106-9. (Online edition: http://www.ethnologue.com/, accessed on November 19, 2004).
  • Hale, Kenneth L. (1973). A note on subject-object inversion in Navajo. In B. B. Kachru, R. B. Lees, Y. Malkiel, A. Pietrangeli, & S. Saporta (Eds.), Issues in linguistics: Papers in honor of Henry and Renée Kahane (p. 300–309). Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
  • Hoijer, Harry. (1945). Navaho phonology. University of New Mexico publications in anthropology, (No. 1).
  • Hoijer, Harry. (1945). Classificatory verb stems in the Apachean languages. International Journal of American Linguistics, 11 (1), 13–23.
  • Hoijer, Harry. (1945). The Apachean verb, part I: Verb structure and pronominal prefixes. International Journal of American Linguistics, 11 (4), 193–203.
  • Hoijer, Harry. (1946). The Apachean verb, part II: The prefixes for mode and tense. International Journal of American Linguistics, 12 (1), 1–13.
  • Hoijer, Harry. (1946). The Apachean verb, part III: The classifiers. International Journal of American Linguistics, 12 (2), 51–59.
  • Hoijer, Harry. (1948). The Apachean verb, part IV: Major form classes. International Journal of American Linguistics, 14 (4), 247–259.
  • Hoijer, Harry. (1949). The Apachean verb, part V: The theme and prefix complex. International Journal of American Linguistics, 15 (1), 12–22.
  • Hoijer, Harry. (1970). A Navajo lexicon. University of California Publications in Linguistics (No. 78). Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • Kari, James. (1975). The disjunct boundary in the Navajo and Tanaina verb prefix complexes. International Journal of American Linguistics, 41, 330–345.
  • Kari, James. (1976). Navajo verb prefix phonology. Garland Publishing Co.
  • McDonough, Joyce. (2003). The Navajo sound system. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. ISBN 1-4020-1351-5 (hb); ISBN 1-4020-1352-3 (pbk)
  • Reichard, Gladys A. (1951). Navaho grammar. Publications of the American Ethnological Society (Vol. 21). New York: J. J. Augustin.
  • Sapir, Edward. (1932). Two Navaho puns. Language, 8 (3), 217-220.
  • Sapir, Edward, & Hoijer, Harry. (1942). Navaho texts. William Dwight Whitney series, Linguistic Society of America.
  • Sapir, Edward, & Hoijer, Harry. (1967). Phonology and morphology of the Navaho language. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  • Speas, Margaret. (1990). Phrase structure in natural language. Kluwer Academic Publishers. ISBN 0-7923-0755-0
  • Wall, C. Leon, & Morgan, William. (1994). Navajo-English dictionary. New York: Hippocrene Books. ISBN 0-7818-0247-4. (Originally published [1958] by U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Branch of Education, Bureau of Indian Affairs).
  • Webster, Anthony K. (2004). Coyote Poems: Navajo Poetry, Intertextuality, and Language Choice. American Indian Culture and Research Journal, 28, 69-91.
  • Webster, Anthony K. (2006). "ALk'idaa' Ma'ii Jooldlosh, Jini": Poetic Devices in Navajo Oral and Written Poetry. Anthropological Linguistics, 48(3), 233-265.
  • Webster, Anthony K. (2009). Explorations in Navajo Poetry and Poetics. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.
  • Witherspoon, Gary. (1971). Navajo categories of objects at rest. American Anthropologist, 73, 110-127.
  • Witherspoon, Gary. (1977). Language and art in the Navajo universe. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. ISBN 0-472-08966-8; ISBN 0-472-08965-X
  • Yazzie, Sheldon A. (2005). Navajo for Beginners and Elementary Students. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Press.
  • Young, Robert W. (2000). The Navajo verb system: An overview. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 0-8263-2172-0 (hb); ISBN 0-8263-2176-3 (pbk)
  • Young, Robert W., & Morgan, William, Sr. (1987). The Navajo language: A grammar and colloquial dictionary (rev. ed.). Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 0-8263-1014-1
  • Young, Robert W.; Morgan, William; & Midgette, Sally. (1992). Analytical lexicon of Navajo. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 0-8263-1356-6; ISBN 0825313566
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Bahasa Navajo atau bahasa Navaho Dine bizaad adalah sebuah bahasa pribumi di Amerika bagian utara dan tepatnya di sebelah barat daya Amerika Serikat Bahasa ini terutama dipertuturkan oleh suku bangsa Navajo dan jumlah penutur bahasa ini kurang lebih adalah 175 000 jiwa Bahasa Navajo termasuk rumpun bahasa Na Dene bahasa Navajo adalah bahasa yang dipakai sebagai sandi yang tak terpecahkan di perang dunia kedua Bahasa NavajoDine bizaadDituturkan di Amerika SerikatWilayahArizona New Mexico Utah ColoradoPenutur168 438 2005 1 Rumpun bahasaDene Yeniseian Na DeneAthabaskan EyakAthabaskanAthabaskan SelatanSouthwestern ApacheWesternNavajoKode bahasaISO 639 1nvISO 639 2 a href https iso639 3 sil org code nav class extiw title iso639 3 nav nav a ISO 639 3 a href https iso639 3 sil org code nav class extiw title iso639 3 nav nav a Lokasi penuturan Portal Bahasa L B PWBantuan penggunaan templat iniPemberitahuanTemplat ini mendeteksi bahwa artikel bahasa ini masih belum dinilai kualitasnya oleh ProyekWiki Bahasa dan ProyekWiki terkait dengan subjek Apa tujuan penilaian artikel Sistem penilaian memungkinkan ProyekWiki memantau kualitas artikel dalam bidang subjeknya dan memprioritaskan pengerjaan artikel iniSiapa yang dapat menilai artikel Secara umum siapa pun dapat menambah atau mengubah peringkat artikel Namun menilai sebuah artikel sebagai Kelas A umumnya membutuhkan persetujuan dari setidaknya dua penyunting dan label AB dan AP hanya boleh digunakan pada artikel yang telah diulas dan saat ini ditetapkan sebagai artikel bagus atau artikel pilihan 13 19 Minggu 3 September 2023 UTC hapus singgahan Daftar isi 1 Referensi 2 Pranala luar 2 1 Linguistik 3 Bibliografi 3 1 Pendidikan 3 2 Linguistik amp referensi lainReferensi Sunting mla org 2005 American Community Survey Accessed 2010 07 13 Pranala luar Sunting nbsp Wikipedia juga mempunyai edisi Bahasa Navajo Hozhǫ Nahasdlį į ʼ Language of the Holy People Navajo web site with flash and audio helps with learning Navajo gomyson com Navajo Swadesh vocabulary list of basic words from Wiktionary s Swadesh list appendix Some English Dine Dictionary pronunciations Diarsipkan 2006 11 02 di Wayback Machine blackmesais org Contrasts between Navajo consonants Diarsipkan 2012 03 04 di Wayback Machine sound files from Peter Ladefoged humnet ucla edu page of Navajo language links angelfire com Navajo Language amp Bilingual Links Diarsipkan 2012 03 14 di Wayback Machine from San Juan school district sanjuan k12 ut us Navajo Language Academy navajolanguageacademy org Tuning in to Navajo The Role of Radio in Native Language Maintenance jan ucc nau edu An Initial Exploration of the Navajo Nation s Language and Culture Initiative jan ucc nau edu Baʼoltaʼi Adoodleelgi Binaʼniltingo Bil Hazʼa Center for Dine Teacher Education Diarsipkan 2008 05 11 di Wayback Machine Templat Nv icon dinecollege edu Languagegeek Unicode fonts and Navajo keyboard layouts languagegeek com Navajo fonts Diarsipkan 2008 05 11 di Wayback Machine dinecollege edu The Navajo Language Diarsipkan 2005 03 21 di Wayback Machine library thinkquest org Why No Writing on the Rez An Inquiry into the History of Navajo Language Literacy mac com Navajo language Encyclopedia of North American Indians Diarsipkan 2006 02 12 di Wayback Machine college hmco com Bibliography of Materials on the Navajo Language pranala nonaktif permanen swarthmore edu Navajo vocabulary word list native languages org Inventory of the Robert W Young Papers 1860 1992 bulk 1823 1980 Diarsipkan 2007 03 12 di Wayback Machine libxml unm edu Reflections on Navajo Poetry Diarsipkan 2008 07 09 di Wayback Machine ou eduLinguistik Sunting Navajo reflections of a general theory of lexical argument structure Diarsipkan 2012 03 12 di Wayback Machine Ken Hale amp Paul Platero museunacional ufrj br Remarks on the syntax of the Navajo verb part I Preliminary observations on the structure of the verb Diarsipkan 2015 08 23 di Wayback Machine Ken Hale museunacional ufrj br The Navajo Prolongative and Lexical Structure Diarsipkan 2012 07 03 di Wayback Machine Carlotta Smith cc utexas edu A Computational Analysis of Navajo Verb Stems Diarsipkan 2011 09 28 di Wayback Machine David Eddington amp Jordan Lachler linguistics byu edu Grammaticization of Tense in Navajo The Evolution of nt ee Diarsipkan 2012 12 12 di Wayback Machine Chee Ashworth Buescher amp Kubacki linguistics ucsb edu A methodology for the investigation of speaker s knowledge of structure in Athabaskan Diarsipkan 2009 03 06 di Archive It Joyce McDonough amp Rachel Sussman urresearch rochester edu How to use Young and Morgan s The Navajo Language Diarsipkan 2012 03 07 di Wayback Machine Joyce McDonough bcs rochester edu Time in Navajo Direct and Indirect Interpretation Diarsipkan 2016 03 04 di Wayback Machine Carlota S Smith Ellavina T Perkins Theodore B Fernald cc utexas eduBibliografi SuntingPendidikan Sunting Blair Robert W Simmons Leon amp Witherspoon Gary 1969 Navaho Basic Course Brigham Young University Printing Services Goossen Irvy W 1967 Navajo made easier A course in conversational Navajo Flagstaff AZ Northland Press Goossen Irvy W 1995 Dine bizaad Speak read write Navajo Flagstaff AZ Salina Bookshelf ISBN 0 9644189 1 6 Goossen Irvy W 1997 Dine bizaad Sprechen Lesen und Schreiben Sie Navajo Loder P B transl Flagstaff AZ Salina Bookshelf Haile Berard 1941 1948 Learning Navaho Vols 1 4 St Michaels AZ St Michael s Mission Platero Paul R 1986 Dine bizaad bee naadzo A conversational Navajo text for secondary schools colleges and adults Farmington NM Navajo Preparatory School Platero Paul R Legah Lorene amp Platero Linda S 1985 Dine bizaad bee naʼadzo A Navajo language literacy and grammar text Farmington NM Navajo Language Institute Tapahonso Luci amp Schick Eleanor 1995 Navajo ABC A Dine alphabet book New York Macmillan Books for Young Readers ISBN 0 689 80316 8 Witherspoon Gary 1985 Dine Bizaad Bohooʼaah for secondary schools colleges and adults Farmington NM Navajo Language Institute Witherspoon Gary 1986 Dine Bizaad Bohooʼaah I A conversational Navajo text for secondary schools colleges and adults Farmington NM Navajo Language Institute Wilson Alan 1969 Breakthrough Navajo An introductory course Gallup NM The University of New Mexico Gallup Branch Wilson Alan 1970 Laughter the Navajo way Gallup NM The University of New Mexico at Gallup Wilson Alan 1978 Speak Navajo An intermediate text in communication Gallup NM University of New Mexico Gallup Branch Wilson Garth A 1995 Conversational Navajo workbook An introductory course for non native speakers Blanding UT Conversational Navajo Publications ISBN 0 938717 54 5 Yazzie Evangeline Parsons and Margaret Speas 2008 Dine Bizaad Binahoo aah Rediscovering the Navajo Language Flagstaff AZ Salina Bookshelf Inc ISBN 978 1 893354 73 9Linguistik amp referensi lain Sunting Akmajian Adrian amp Anderson Stephen 1970 On the use of the fourth person in Navajo or Navajo made harder International Journal of American Linguistics 36 1 1 8 Creamer Mary Helen 1974 Ranking in Navajo nouns Navajo Language Review 1 29 38 Faltz Leonard M 1998 The Navajo verb A grammar for students and scholars Albuquerque NM University of New Mexico Press ISBN 0 8263 1901 7 hb ISBN 0 8263 1902 5 pbk Frishberg Nancy 1972 Navajo object markers and the great chain of being In J Kimball Ed Syntax and semantics Vol 1 p 259 266 New York Seminar Press Grimes Barbara F Ed 2000 Ethnologue Languages of the world 14th ed Dallas TX SIL International ISBN 1 55671 106 9 Online edition http www ethnologue com accessed on November 19 2004 Hale Kenneth L 1973 A note on subject object inversion in Navajo In B B Kachru R B Lees Y Malkiel A Pietrangeli amp S Saporta Eds Issues in linguistics Papers in honor of Henry and Renee Kahane p 300 309 Urbana University of Illinois Press Hoijer Harry 1945 Navaho phonology University of New Mexico publications in anthropology No 1 Hoijer Harry 1945 Classificatory verb stems in the Apachean languages International Journal of American Linguistics 11 1 13 23 Hoijer Harry 1945 The Apachean verb part I Verb structure and pronominal prefixes International Journal of American Linguistics 11 4 193 203 Hoijer Harry 1946 The Apachean verb part II The prefixes for mode and tense International Journal of American Linguistics 12 1 1 13 Hoijer Harry 1946 The Apachean verb part III The classifiers International Journal of American Linguistics 12 2 51 59 Hoijer Harry 1948 The Apachean verb part IV Major form classes International Journal of American Linguistics 14 4 247 259 Hoijer Harry 1949 The Apachean verb part V The theme and prefix complex International Journal of American Linguistics 15 1 12 22 Hoijer Harry 1970 A Navajo lexicon University of California Publications in Linguistics No 78 Berkeley University of California Press Kari James 1975 The disjunct boundary in the Navajo and Tanaina verb prefix complexes International Journal of American Linguistics 41 330 345 Kari James 1976 Navajo verb prefix phonology Garland Publishing Co McDonough Joyce 2003 The Navajo sound system Dordrecht Kluwer Academic Publishers ISBN 1 4020 1351 5 hb ISBN 1 4020 1352 3 pbk Reichard Gladys A 1951 Navaho grammar Publications of the American Ethnological Society Vol 21 New York J J Augustin Sapir Edward 1932 Two Navaho puns Language 8 3 217 220 Sapir Edward amp Hoijer Harry 1942 Navaho texts William Dwight Whitney series Linguistic Society of America Sapir Edward amp Hoijer Harry 1967 Phonology and morphology of the Navaho language Berkeley University of California Press Speas Margaret 1990 Phrase structure in natural language Kluwer Academic Publishers ISBN 0 7923 0755 0 Wall C Leon amp Morgan William 1994 Navajo English dictionary New York Hippocrene Books ISBN 0 7818 0247 4 Originally published 1958 by U S Dept of the Interior Branch of Education Bureau of Indian Affairs Webster Anthony K 2004 Coyote Poems Navajo Poetry Intertextuality and Language Choice American Indian Culture and Research Journal 28 69 91 Webster Anthony K 2006 ALk idaa Ma ii Jooldlosh Jini Poetic Devices in Navajo Oral and Written Poetry Anthropological Linguistics 48 3 233 265 Webster Anthony K 2009 Explorations in Navajo Poetry and Poetics Albuquerque University of New Mexico Press Witherspoon Gary 1971 Navajo categories of objects at rest American Anthropologist 73 110 127 Witherspoon Gary 1977 Language and art in the Navajo universe Ann Arbor University of Michigan Press ISBN 0 472 08966 8 ISBN 0 472 08965 X Yazzie Sheldon A 2005 Navajo for Beginners and Elementary Students Chapel Hill The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Press Young Robert W 2000 The Navajo verb system An overview Albuquerque University of New Mexico Press ISBN 0 8263 2172 0 hb ISBN 0 8263 2176 3 pbk Young Robert W amp Morgan William Sr 1987 The Navajo language A grammar and colloquial dictionary rev ed Albuquerque University of New Mexico Press ISBN 0 8263 1014 1 Young Robert W Morgan William amp Midgette Sally 1992 Analytical lexicon of Navajo Albuquerque University of New Mexico Press ISBN 0 8263 1356 6 ISBN 0825313566 Diperoleh dari https id wikipedia org w index php title Bahasa Navajo amp oldid 22603570