www.wikidata.id-id.nina.az

Anti Katolik di Amerika Serikat sepanjang sejarah sangat berakar pada sikap anti Katolik umat Protestan di Britania Raya

Anti-Katolik di Amerika Serikat

Anti-Katolik di Amerika Serikat sepanjang sejarah sangat berakar pada sikap anti-Katolik umat Protestan di Britania Raya dan Jerman setelah Reformasi. Para imigran yang membawakan sikap tersebut ke koloni-koloni Amerika. Dua jenis retorika anti-Katolik ada di masyarakat kolonial dan berlanjut pada abad-abad berikutnya. Yang pertama berasal dari warisan teologi Reformasi Protestan dan peperangan keagamaan pada abad keenam belas, yang terdiri dari anggapan Antikristus dan Pelacur Besar Biblikal dan pemikiran yang didominasi anti-Katolik sampai akhir abad ketujuh belas. Jenis kedua adalah ragam sekuler yang datang dari xenofobia dan sentimen Nativis etnosentris dan rasa terganggu terhadap meningkatnya arus imigran Katolik, terutama dari Irlandia dan negara-negara non-Eropa Barat Laut seperti Italia, dan sering kali tertuju pada tuduhan intrik negara-negara Katolik atau bangsa-bangsa Katolik melawan Amerika Serikat yang mayoritas Protestan.

Setelah 1980, ketegangan sepanjang sejarah antara Protestan evangelikal dan Katolik berkurang drastis. Dalam politik, keduanya sering bergabung bersama dalam masalah-masalah kebudayaan dan sosial yang konservatif, seperti penentangan terhadap pernikahan sesama jenis. Pada 2000, koalisi Partai Republik meliputi hampir setengah orang Katolik dan sebagian besar evangelikal kulit putih.

Referensi sunting

  1. Mannard, Joseph G. (1981). . Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2002-10-21. Diakses tanggal 2017-05-16. 
  2. William M. Shea, The Lion and the Lamb: Evangelicals and Catholics in America (Oxford University Press, 2004)

Bacaan tambahan sunting

  • Anbinder; Tyler Nativism and Slavery: The Northern Know Nothings and the Politics of the 1850s 1992
  • Barnes, Kenneth C. Anti-Catholicism in Arkansas: How Politicians, the Press, the Klan, and Religious Leaders Imagined an Enemy, 1910–1960 (U of Arkansas Press, 2016). x, 266 pp.
  • Bennett; David H. The Party of Fear: From Nativist Movements to the New Right in American History (University of North Carolina Press, 1988).
  • Billington, Ray. The Protestant Crusade, 1830–1860: A Study of the Origins of American Nativism (1938); online
  • Brown, Thomas M. "The Image of the Beast: Anti-Papal Rhetoric in Colonial America", in Richard O. Curry and Thomas M. Brown, eds., Conspiracy: The Fear of Subversion in American History (1972), 1–20.
  • Cogliano; Francis D. No King, No Popery: Anti-Catholicism in Revolutionary New England (1995) online edition
  • Cuddy, Edward. "The Irish Question and the Revival of Anti-Catholicism in the 1920s," Catholic Historical Review, 67 (April 1981): 236–55.
  • Curran, Robert Emmett. Papist Devils: Catholics in British America, 1574–1783 (2014) pp 201–2
  • Davis, David Brion. "Some Themes of Counter-subversion: An Analysis of Anti-Masonic, Anti-Catholic and Anti-Mormon Literature", Mississippi Valley Historical Review, 47 (1960), 205–224. in JSTOR
  • Dumenil, Lynn. "The Tribal Twenties: 'Assimilated' Catholics' Response to Anti-Catholicism in the 1920s," Journal of American Ethnic History 1991 11(1): 21–49 in EBSCO
  • Greeley, Andrew M. An Ugly Little Secret: Anti-Catholicism in North America 1977.
  • Henry, David. "Senator John F. Kennedy Encounters the Religious Question: I Am Not the Catholic Candidate for President." in Contemporary American Public Discourse ed. by H. R. Ryan. (1992). 177–193.
  • Hennesey, James. American Catholics: A History of the Roman Catholic Community in the United States (1981),
  • Higham; John. Strangers in the Land: Patterns of American Nativism, 1860–1925 1955
  • Hinckley, Ted C. "American Anti-Catholicism During the Mexican War" Pacific Historical Review 1962 31(2): 121–137. ISSN 0030-8684
  • Hostetler; Michael J. "Gov. Al Smith Confronts the Catholic Question: The Rhetorical Legacy of the 1928 Campaign" Communication Quarterly. Volume: 46. Issue: 1. 1998. Page Number: 12+.
  • Philip Jenkins, The New Anti-Catholicism: The Last Acceptable Prejudice (Oxford University Press, New ed. 2004). ISBN 0-19-517604-9
  • Jensen, Richard. The Winning of the Midwest: Social and Political Conflict, 1888–1896 (1971)
  • Jensen, Richard. "'No Irish Need Apply': A Myth of Victimization," Journal of Social History 36.2 (2002) 405–429 2005-02-08 di Wayback Machine., with illustrations
  • Jorgenson, Lloyd P. The State and the Non-Public School 1825–1925 (1987), esp. pp. 146–204;
  • Keating, Karl. Catholicism and Fundamentalism – The Attack on "Romanism" by "Bible Christians" (Ignatius Press, 1988). ISBN 0-89870-177-5
  • Kenny; Stephen. "Prejudice That Rarely Utters Its Name: A Historiographical and Historical Reflection upon North American Anti-Catholicism." American Review of Canadian Studies. Volume: 32. Issue: 4. 2002. pp: 639+.
  • Kinzer, Donald. An Episode in Anti-Catholicism: The American Protective Association (1964), on 1890s
  • Lessner, Richard Edward. "The Imagined Enemy: American Nativism and the Disciples of Christ, 1830–1925," (PhD diss., Baylor University, 1981).
  • Lichtman, Allan J. Prejudice and the Old Politics: The Presidential Election of 1928 (1979)
  • McGreevy, John T. "Thinking on One's Own: Catholicism in the American Intellectual Imagination, 1928–1960." The Journal of American History, 84 (1997): 97–131.
  • Moore; Edmund A. A Catholic Runs for President 1956.
  • Moore; Leonard J. Citizen Klansmen: The Ku Klux Klan in Indiana, 1921–1928 University of North Carolina Press, 1991
  • Moore; Leonard J. "Historical Interpretations of the 1920s's Klan: The Traditional View and the Populist Revision," Journal of Social History, 24 (Fall 1990): 341–358.
  • Page, David P. "Bishop Michael J. Curley and Anti-Catholic Nativism in Florida," Florida Historical Quarterly 45 (October 1966): 101–117
  • Thiemann, Ronald F. Religion in Public Life Georgetown University Press, 1996.
  • Waldman, Steven (2009). Founding Faith. Random House. ISBN 978-0812974744. 
  • Wills, Garry. Under God 1990.
  • White, Theodore H. The Making of the President 1960 1961.

Sumber primer melawan Gereja Katolik sunting

  • Blanshard, Paul. American Freedom and Catholic Power Beacon Press, 1949, an influential attack on the Catholic Church
  • Samuel W. Barnum. Romanism as It Is (1872), an anti-Catholic compendium online
  • Rev. Isaac J. Lansing, M.A. Romanism and the Republic: A Discussion of the Purposes, Assumptions, Principles and Methods of the Roman Catholic Hierarchy (1890) Online
  • Alma White (1928). Heroes of the Fiery Cross. The Good Citizen. 
  • Alma White (1926). Klansmen: Guardians of Liberty. The Good Citizen. 
  • Alma White (1925). The Ku Klux Klan In Prophecy. The Good Citizen. 
  • Zacchello, Joseph. Secrets of Romanism. Neptune, N.J.: Loiseaux Brothers, 1948. viii, 222, [2] p. ISBN 0-87213-981-6 (added to later printings). N.B.: Polemical work by a former priest who became a celebrated radio-evangelist.
wikipedia, wiki, buku, buku, perpustakaan, artikel, baca, unduh, gratis, unduh gratis, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, gambar, musik, lagu, film, buku, permainan, permainan.
Tanggal penerbitan:
Anti Katolik di Amerika Serikat sepanjang sejarah sangat berakar pada sikap anti Katolik umat Protestan di Britania Raya dan Jerman setelah Reformasi Para imigran yang membawakan sikap tersebut ke koloni koloni Amerika Dua jenis retorika anti Katolik ada di masyarakat kolonial dan berlanjut pada abad abad berikutnya Yang pertama berasal dari warisan teologi Reformasi Protestan dan peperangan keagamaan pada abad keenam belas yang terdiri dari anggapan Antikristus dan Pelacur Besar Biblikal dan pemikiran yang didominasi anti Katolik sampai akhir abad ketujuh belas Jenis kedua adalah ragam sekuler yang datang dari xenofobia dan sentimen Nativis etnosentris dan rasa terganggu terhadap meningkatnya arus imigran Katolik terutama dari Irlandia dan negara negara non Eropa Barat Laut seperti Italia dan sering kali tertuju pada tuduhan intrik negara negara Katolik atau bangsa bangsa Katolik melawan Amerika Serikat yang mayoritas Protestan 1 Setelah 1980 ketegangan sepanjang sejarah antara Protestan evangelikal dan Katolik berkurang drastis Dalam politik keduanya sering bergabung bersama dalam masalah masalah kebudayaan dan sosial yang konservatif seperti penentangan terhadap pernikahan sesama jenis Pada 2000 koalisi Partai Republik meliputi hampir setengah orang Katolik dan sebagian besar evangelikal kulit putih 2 Referensi sunting Mannard Joseph G 1981 American Anti Catholicism and its Literature Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2002 10 21 Diakses tanggal 2017 05 16 William M Shea The Lion and the Lamb Evangelicals and Catholics in America Oxford University Press 2004 Bacaan tambahan suntingAnbinder Tyler Nativism and Slavery The Northern Know Nothings and the Politics of the 1850s 1992 Barnes Kenneth C Anti Catholicism in Arkansas How Politicians the Press the Klan and Religious Leaders Imagined an Enemy 1910 1960 U of Arkansas Press 2016 x 266 pp Bennett David H The Party of Fear From Nativist Movements to the New Right in American History University of North Carolina Press 1988 Billington Ray The Protestant Crusade 1830 1860 A Study of the Origins of American Nativism 1938 online Brown Thomas M The Image of the Beast Anti Papal Rhetoric in Colonial America in Richard O Curry and Thomas M Brown eds Conspiracy The Fear of Subversion in American History 1972 1 20 Cogliano Francis D No King No Popery Anti Catholicism in Revolutionary New England 1995 online edition Cuddy Edward The Irish Question and the Revival of Anti Catholicism in the 1920s Catholic Historical Review 67 April 1981 236 55 Curran Robert Emmett Papist Devils Catholics in British America 1574 1783 2014 pp 201 2 Davis David Brion Some Themes of Counter subversion An Analysis of Anti Masonic Anti Catholic and Anti Mormon Literature Mississippi Valley Historical Review 47 1960 205 224 in JSTOR Dumenil Lynn The Tribal Twenties Assimilated Catholics Response to Anti Catholicism in the 1920s Journal of American Ethnic History 1991 11 1 21 49 in EBSCO Greeley Andrew M An Ugly Little Secret Anti Catholicism in North America 1977 Henry David Senator John F Kennedy Encounters the Religious Question I Am Not the Catholic Candidate for President in Contemporary American Public Discourse ed by H R Ryan 1992 177 193 Hennesey James American Catholics A History of the Roman Catholic Community in the United States 1981 Higham John Strangers in the Land Patterns of American Nativism 1860 1925 1955 Hinckley Ted C American Anti Catholicism During the Mexican War Pacific Historical Review 1962 31 2 121 137 ISSN 0030 8684 Hostetler Michael J Gov Al Smith Confronts the Catholic Question The Rhetorical Legacy of the 1928 Campaign Communication Quarterly Volume 46 Issue 1 1998 Page Number 12 Philip Jenkins The New Anti Catholicism The Last Acceptable Prejudice Oxford University Press New ed 2004 ISBN 0 19 517604 9 Jensen Richard The Winning of the Midwest Social and Political Conflict 1888 1896 1971 Jensen Richard No Irish Need Apply A Myth of Victimization Journal of Social History 36 2 2002 405 429 Diarsipkan 2005 02 08 di Wayback Machine with illustrations Jorgenson Lloyd P The State and the Non Public School 1825 1925 1987 esp pp 146 204 Keating Karl Catholicism and Fundamentalism The Attack on Romanism by Bible Christians Ignatius Press 1988 ISBN 0 89870 177 5 Kenny Stephen Prejudice That Rarely Utters Its Name A Historiographical and Historical Reflection upon North American Anti Catholicism American Review of Canadian Studies Volume 32 Issue 4 2002 pp 639 Kinzer Donald An Episode in Anti Catholicism The American Protective Association 1964 on 1890s Lessner Richard Edward The Imagined Enemy American Nativism and the Disciples of Christ 1830 1925 PhD diss Baylor University 1981 Lichtman Allan J Prejudice and the Old Politics The Presidential Election of 1928 1979 McGreevy John T Thinking on One s Own Catholicism in the American Intellectual Imagination 1928 1960 The Journal of American History 84 1997 97 131 Moore Edmund A A Catholic Runs for President 1956 Moore Leonard J Citizen Klansmen The Ku Klux Klan in Indiana 1921 1928 University of North Carolina Press 1991 Moore Leonard J Historical Interpretations of the 1920s s Klan The Traditional View and the Populist Revision Journal of Social History 24 Fall 1990 341 358 Page David P Bishop Michael J Curley and Anti Catholic Nativism in Florida Florida Historical Quarterly 45 October 1966 101 117 Thiemann Ronald F Religion in Public Life Georgetown University Press 1996 Waldman Steven 2009 Founding Faith Random House ISBN 978 0812974744 Wills Garry Under God 1990 White Theodore H The Making of the President 1960 1961 Sumber primer melawan Gereja Katolik sunting Blanshard Paul American Freedom and Catholic Power Beacon Press 1949 an influential attack on the Catholic Church Samuel W Barnum Romanism as It Is 1872 an anti Catholic compendium online Rev Isaac J Lansing M A Romanism and the Republic A Discussion of the Purposes Assumptions Principles and Methods of the Roman Catholic Hierarchy 1890 Online Alma White 1928 Heroes of the Fiery Cross The Good Citizen Alma White 1926 Klansmen Guardians of Liberty The Good Citizen Alma White 1925 The Ku Klux Klan In Prophecy The Good Citizen Zacchello Joseph Secrets of Romanism Neptune N J Loiseaux Brothers 1948 viii 222 2 p ISBN 0 87213 981 6 added to later printings N B Polemical work by a former priest who became a celebrated radio evangelist Diperoleh dari https id wikipedia org w index php title Anti Katolik di Amerika Serikat amp oldid 25233049