William Jennings Bryan 19 Maret 1860 26 Juli 1925 adalah seorang politisi Amerika yang memimpin dari 1890 an sampai kema

William Jennings Bryan (19 Maret 1860 – 26 Juli 1925) adalah seorang politisi Amerika yang memimpin dari 1890-an sampai kematiannya.

William Jennings Bryan

Lahir	(1860-03-19)19 Maret 1860 Salem, Illinois
Meninggal	26 Juli 1925(1925-07-26) (umur 65) Dayton, Tennessee
Almamater	Illinois College, Union College of Law
Jabatan	Sekretaris Negara Amerika Serikat
Pendahulu	Philander C. Knox
Pengganti	Robert Lansing
Partai politik	Demokrat
Suami/istri	Mary Baird Bryan
Anak	Ruth Bryan Owen, William Jennings Bryan Jr., Grace Bryan
Tanda tangan

Tampat lahir Bryan di Salem

Ia menjabat dua jabatan sebagai anggota Dewan Perwakilan Amerika Serikat dari Nebraska dan merupakan Sekretaris Negara Amerika Serikat di bawah Presiden Woodrow Wilson (1913–1915), menjabat karena posisi pasifis-nya pada Perang Dunia.

Latar belakang dan karier awal: 1860–1896 Sunting

William Jennings Bryan lahir di Salem, Illinois pada 19 Maret 1860, dari Silas Lillard Bryan dan Mariah Elizabeth (Jennings) Bryan.

Referensi dan Sumber Sunting

Bryan, William Jennings. William Jennings Bryan: selections ed. by Ray Ginger (1967) 259 pages
Bryan, William Jennings. The first battle: a story of the campaign of 1896 (1897), 693pp; campaign speeches online edition
The Commoner Condensed, annual compilation of The Commoner magazine; full text online for 1901, 1902, 1903, 1907, 1907, 1908
Bryan, William Jennings. The old world and its ways (1907) 560 pages full text online
Bryan, William Jennings. Speeches of William Jennings Bryan edited by Mary Baird Bryan (1909) full text online
Bryan, William Jennings. In His image (1922) 226pp full text online
Bryan, William Jennings. The Memoirs: of William Jennings Bryan, by himself and his wife (1925) 560pp; online edition
Bryan, William Jennings. British Rule in India (1906) Online Edition

Bacaan tambahan Sunting

Biografi Sunting

Cherny, Robert W. A Righteous Cause: The Life of William Jennings Bryan (1994).
Coletta; Paolo E. William Jennings Bryan 3 vols. (1964), the most detailed biography. online vol 1; online vol 2; online vol 3
Glad, Paul W. The Trumpet Soundeth: William Jennings Bryan and His Democracy 1896–1912 (1966).
Hibben; Paxton. The Peerless Leader, William Jennings Bryan (1929).
Kazin, Michael. A Godly Hero: The Life of William Jennings Bryan (2006).
Koenig, Louis W. Bryan: A Political Biography of William Jennings Bryan (1971).
Leinwand, Gerald. William Jennings Bryan: An Uncertain Trumpet (Lanham (MD), Rowman & Littlefield, 2006).
Levine, Lawrence W. Defender of the Faith: William Jennings Bryan, The Last Decade, 1915–1925 (1965).
Werner; M. R. Bryan (1929).

Studi khusus Sunting

Barnes, James A. (1947). "Myths of the Bryan Campaign". Mississippi Valley Historical Review. Organization of American Historians. 34 (3): 367–404. doi:10.2307/1898096. JSTOR 1898096. on 1896
Bensel, Richard Franklin. Passion and Preferences: William Jennings Bryan and the 1896 Democratic Convention (2008)
Cherny, Robert W. (1996). "William Jennings Bryan and the Historians". Nebraska History. 77 (3–4): 184–193. ISSN 0028-1859. Analysis of the historiography.
Edwards, Mark (2000). "Rethinking the Failure of Fundamentalist Political Antievolutionism after 1925". Fides et Historia. 32 (2): 89–106. ISSN 0884-5379. PMID 17120377. Argues that fundamentalists thought they had won Scopes trial but death of Bryan shook their confidence.
Glad, Paul W. (1964). McKinley, Bryan and the People. Philadelphia: Lippincott.
Hohenstein, Kurt (2000). "William Jennings Bryan and the Income Tax: Economic Statism and Judicial Usurpation in the Election of 1896". Journal of Law & Politics. 16 (1): 163–192. ISSN 0749-2227.
Jeansonne, Glen (1988). "Goldbugs, Silverites, and Satirists: Caricature and Humor in the Presidential Election of 1896". Journal of American Culture. 11 (2): 1–8. doi:10.1111/j.1542-734X.1988.1102_1.x. ISSN 0191-1813.
Larson, Edward (1997). Summer for the Gods: The Scopes trial and America's continuing debate over science and religion. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 0-465-07509-6.
Longfield, Bradley J. (2000). "For Church and Country: the Fundamentalist-modernist Conflict in the Presbyterian Church". Journal of Presbyterian History. 78 (1): 34–50. ISSN 0022-3883. Puts Scopes in larger religious context.
Mahan, Russell L. (2003). "William Jennings Bryan and the Presidential Campaign of 1896". White House Studies. 3 (2): 215–227. ISSN 1535-4768.
Murphy, Troy A. (2002). "William Jennings Bryan: Boy Orator, Broken Man, and the 'Evolution' of America's Public Philosophy". Great Plains Quarterly. 22 (2): 83–98. ISSN 0275-7664.
Scroop, Daniel. "William Jennings Bryan's 1905–1906 World Tour," Historical Journal (2013) 56#2 pp 459–486 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0018246X12000520
Smith, Willard H. (1966). "William Jennings Bryan and the Social Gospel". Journal of American History. Organization of American Historians. 53 (1): 41–60. doi:10.2307/1893929. JSTOR 1893929.
Taylor, Jeff (2006). Where Did the Party Go?: William Jennings Bryan, Hubert Humphrey, and the Jeffersonian Legacy. Columbia: University of Missouri Press. ISBN 0-8262-1659-5. On Bryan's place in Democratic Party history and ideology.
Wood, L. Maren (2002). "The Monkey Trial Myth: Popular Culture Representations of the Scopes Trial". Canadian Review of American Studies. 32 (2): 147–164. doi:10.3138/CRAS-s032-02-01. ISSN 0007-7720.

Referensi Sunting

William Jennings Bryan Nebraska State Historical Society

Pranala luar Sunting

William Jennings Bryan di Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
Karya William Jennings Bryan di Project Gutenberg
William Jennings Bryan cylinder recordings, from the Cylinder Preservation and Digitization Project at the University of California, Santa Barbara Library.
"The Deity of Christ" – paper by Bryan on the subject 2007-01-27 di Wayback Machine.
William Jennings Bryan papers at Nebraska State Historical Society

[nebraskahistory.org-1] William Jennings Bryan Nebraska State Historical Society