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Ultra Untuk kegunaan lain lihat disambiguasi adalah sebuah rancangan yang diadopsi oleh intelijensi militer Britania Ray

Ultra

Untuk kegunaan lain, lihat Ultra (disambiguasi).

Ultra adalah sebuah rancangan yang diadopsi oleh intelijensi militer Britania Raya pada Juni 1941 untuk intelijensi sinyal masa perang yang dilakukan dengan membongkar komunikasi radio dan teleprinter musuh terenkripsi secara tingkat tinggi di Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS), Bletchley Park. Ultra kemudian menjadi rancangan standar di kalangan Sekutu barat untuk seluruh intelijensi semacam itu.

DAFTAR PUSTAKA Sunting

  • Bamford, James (2001), Body of Secrets, Doubleday, ISBN 0-385-49907-8 
  • Bennett, Ralph (1999) [1994], Behind the Battle: Intelligence in the War with Germany (edisi ke-Pimlico: New and Enlarged), London: Random House, ISBN 0-7126-6521-8 
  • Bertrand, Gustave (1973), Enigma ou la plus grande énigme de la guerre 1939–1945 (Enigma: The Greatest Enigma of the War of 1939–1945), Paris: Librairie Plon 
  • Beesly, Patrick (1977), Very Special Intelligence: The Story of the Admiralty's Operational Intelligence Centre 1939–1945, Sphere Books Limited, ISBN 0-7221-1539-3 
  • Budiansky, Stephen (2000), Battle of wits: The Complete Story of Codebreaking in World War II, Free Press, ISBN 978-0-684-85932-3  A short account of World War II cryptology which covers more than just the Enigma story.
  • Brzezinski 2005 (missing citation)
  • Calvocoressi, Peter (2001) [1980], Top Secret Ultra, Kidderminster, England: M & MBaldwin, ISBN 978-0-947712-41-9 
  • Churchill, Winston (2005) [1949], The Second World War, Volume 2: Their Finest Hour (edisi ke-Penguin Classics), hlm. 529, ISBN 978-0-14-144173-3 
  • Copeland, Jack (2004), "Enigma", dalam Copeland, B. Jack, The Essential Turing: Seminal Writings in Computing, Logic, Philosophy, Artificial Intelligence, and Artificial Life plus The Secrets of Enigma, Oxford: Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-825080-0 
  • Farago, Ladislas (1974) [1971], The game of the foxes: British and German intelligence operations and personalities which changed the course of the Second World War, Pan Books, ISBN 978-0-330-23446-7  Has been criticised for inaccuracy and exaggeration
  • Farley, R. D. (25 November 1980), Oral History Interview NSA-OH-40-80 with Arthur J. Levenson (PDF), diakses tanggal 24 September 2016 
  • Ferris, John Robert (2005), Intelligence and strategy: selected essays (edisi ke-illustrated), Routledge, ISBN 978-0-415-36194-1 
  • Gannon, Paul (2006), Colossus: Bletchley Park's Greatest Secret, London: Atlantic Books, ISBN 978-1-84354-331-2 
  • Hanyok, Robert J. (2004), Eavesdropping on Hell: Historical Guide to Western Communications Intelligence and the Holocaust, 1939–1945 (PDF), Center for Cryptographic History, National Security Agency 
  • Hinsley, F. H.; Stripp, Alan, ed. (1993), Codebreakers: The inside story of Bletchley Park (edisi ke-OU Press paperback), Oxford: Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-280132-6 
  • Hinsley, Francis Harry (1993), British intelligence in the Second World War, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-44304-3 
  • Hinsley, Sir Harry (1996) [1993], The Influence of ULTRA in the Second World War (PDF), diakses tanggal 23 July 2012  Transcript of a lecture given on Tuesday 19 October 1993 at Cambridge University
  • Hunt, David (28 August 1976), "The raid on Coventry", The Times, hlm. 11 
  • Jones, R. V. (1978), Most Secret War, London: Book Club Associates, ISBN 978-0-241-89746-1 
  • Kahn, David (1997) [1967], The Codebreakers: The Comprehensive History of Secret Communication from Ancient Times to the Internet (edisi ke-2nd Revised), New York: Simon & Schuster, ISBN 978-0-684-83130-5 
  • Kahn, David (29 December 1974), "Enigma Unwrapped: Review of F. W. Winterbotham's The Ultra Secret", New York Times Book Review, hlm. 5 
  • Knightley, Phillip (1986), The Second Oldest Profession, W.W. Norton & Co, ISBN 0-393-02386-9 
  • Kozaczuk, Władysław (1984), Enigma: How the German Machine Cipher was Broken, and how it was Read by the Allies in World War Two, edited and translated by Christopher Kasparek [a revised and augmented translation of W kręgu enigmy, Warsaw, Książka i Wiedza, 1979, supplemented with appendices by Marian Rejewski, Frederick, MD, University Publications of America, ISBN 978-0-89093-547-7  This is the standard reference on the crucial foundations laid by the Poles for World War II Enigma decryption.
  • Lewin, Ronald (2001) [1978], Ultra goes to War (edisi ke-Penguin Classic Military History), London: Penguin Group, ISBN 978-0-14-139042-0  Focuses on the battle-field exploitation of Ultra material.
  • Mallmann-Showell, J.P. (2003), German Naval Code Breakers, Hersham, Surrey: Ian Allan Publishing, ISBN 0-7110-2888-5, OCLC 181448256 
  • Momsen, Bill (2007) [1977], , Nautical Brass, diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2001-01-26, diakses tanggal 2008-02-18 
  • Pidgeon, Geoffrey (2003), The Secret Wireless War: The Story of MI6 Communications 1939–1945, St Leonards-on-Sea, East Sussex: UPSO Ltd, ISBN 1-84375-252-2, OCLC 56715513 
  • Rejewski, Marian, wrote a number of papers on his 1932 break into Enigma and his subsequent work on the cipher, well into World War II, with his fellow mathematician-cryptologists, Jerzy Różycki and Henryk Zygalski. Most of Rejewski's papers appear in Kozaczuk 1984
  • Rejewski, Marian (1984), "Summary of Our Methods for Reconstructing ENIGMA and Reconstructing Daily Keys, and of German Efforts to Frustrate Those Methods: Appendix C", dalam Kozaczuk, Władysław; Kasparek, Christopher; Frederick, MD, Enigma: How the German Machine Cipher Was Broken, and How It Was Read by the Allies in World War Two (edisi ke-2), University Publications of America, hlm. 241–45, ISBN 978-0-89093-547-7 
  • Andrew Roberts (2009). The Storm of War: A New History of the Second World War. Penguin Books Limited. hlm. 501. ISBN 978-0-14-193886-8. 
  • Schlesinger, Arthur, Jr. (1992), "The London Operation: Recollections of a Historian", dalam Chalou, George C., The Secrets War: The Office of Strategic Services in World War II, Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, ISBN 978-0-911333-91-6 
  • Singh, Simon (1999), The Code Book: The Science of Secrecy from Ancient Egypt to Quantum Cryptography, London: Fourth Estate, ISBN 1-85702-879-1  This provides a description of the Enigma, other ciphers, and codes.
  • Smith, Michael (2007) [1998], Station X: The Codebreakers of Bletchley Park, Pan Grand Strategy Series (edisi ke-Pan Books), London: Pan McMillan Ltd, ISBN 978-0-330-41929-1 
  • Taylor, Fredrick (2005), Dresden:Tuesday 13 February 1945, London: Bloomsbury, hlm. 202, ISBN 0-7475-7084-1 
  • Welchman, Gordon (1984) [1982], The Hut Six story: Breaking the Enigma codes, Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books, ISBN 0-14-00-5305-0  An early publication containing several misapprehensions that are corrected in an addendum in the 1997 edition.
  • West, Nigel (1986), GCHQ: The Secret Wireless War, 1900–86, London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, ISBN 978-0-297-78717-4 
  • Wilkinson, Patrick (1993), "Italian naval ciphers", dalam Hinsley, F.H.; Stripp, Alan, Codebreakers: The inside story of Bletchley Park, Oxford: Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-280132-6 
  • Winterbotham, F. W. (1974), The Ultra Secret, New York: Harper & Row, ISBN 0-06-014678-8  The first published account of the previously secret wartime operation, concentrating mainly on distribution of intelligence. It was written from memory and has been shown by subsequent authors, who had access to official records, to contain some inaccuracies.
  1. Hinsley & Stripp 1993, hlm. xx.
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Tanggal penerbitan:
Untuk kegunaan lain lihat Ultra disambiguasi Ultra adalah sebuah rancangan yang diadopsi oleh intelijensi militer Britania Raya pada Juni 1941 untuk intelijensi sinyal masa perang yang dilakukan dengan membongkar komunikasi radio dan teleprinter musuh terenkripsi secara tingkat tinggi di Government Code and Cypher School GC amp CS Bletchley Park 1 Ultra kemudian menjadi rancangan standar di kalangan Sekutu barat untuk seluruh intelijensi semacam itu DAFTAR PUSTAKA SuntingBamford James 2001 Body of Secrets Doubleday ISBN 0 385 49907 8 Bennett Ralph 1999 1994 Behind the Battle Intelligence in the War with Germany edisi ke Pimlico New and Enlarged London Random House ISBN 0 7126 6521 8 Bertrand Gustave 1973 Enigma ou la plus grande enigme de la guerre 1939 1945 Enigma The Greatest Enigma of the War of 1939 1945 Paris Librairie Plon Beesly Patrick 1977 Very Special Intelligence The Story of the Admiralty s Operational Intelligence Centre 1939 1945 Sphere Books Limited ISBN 0 7221 1539 3 Budiansky Stephen 2000 Battle of wits The Complete Story of Codebreaking in World War II Free Press ISBN 978 0 684 85932 3 A short account of World War II cryptology which covers more than just the Enigma story Brzezinski 2005 missing citation Calvocoressi Peter 2001 1980 Top Secret Ultra Kidderminster England M amp MBaldwin ISBN 978 0 947712 41 9 Churchill Winston 2005 1949 The Second World War Volume 2 Their Finest Hour edisi ke Penguin Classics hlm 529 ISBN 978 0 14 144173 3 Copeland Jack 2004 Enigma dalam Copeland B Jack The Essential Turing Seminal Writings in Computing Logic Philosophy Artificial Intelligence and Artificial LifeplusThe Secrets of Enigma Oxford Oxford University Press ISBN 0 19 825080 0 Farago Ladislas 1974 1971 The game of the foxes British and German intelligence operations and personalities which changed the course of the Second World War Pan Books ISBN 978 0 330 23446 7 Has been criticised for inaccuracy and exaggeration Farley R D 25 November 1980 Oral History Interview NSA OH 40 80 with Arthur J Levenson PDF diakses tanggal 24 September 2016 Ferris John Robert 2005 Intelligence and strategy selected essays edisi ke illustrated Routledge ISBN 978 0 415 36194 1 Gannon Paul 2006 Colossus Bletchley Park s Greatest Secret London Atlantic Books ISBN 978 1 84354 331 2 Hanyok Robert J 2004 Eavesdropping on Hell Historical Guide to Western Communications Intelligence and the Holocaust 1939 1945 PDF Center for Cryptographic History National Security Agency Hinsley F H Stripp Alan ed 1993 Codebreakers The inside story of Bletchley Park edisi ke OU Press paperback Oxford Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 280132 6 Hinsley Francis Harry 1993 British intelligence in the Second World War Cambridge Cambridge University Press ISBN 978 0 521 44304 3 Hinsley Sir Harry 1996 1993 The Influence of ULTRA in the Second World War PDF diakses tanggal 23 July 2012 Transcript of a lecture given on Tuesday 19 October 1993 at Cambridge University Hunt David 28 August 1976 The raid on Coventry The Times hlm 11 Jones R V 1978 Most Secret War London Book Club Associates ISBN 978 0 241 89746 1 Kahn David 1997 1967 The Codebreakers The Comprehensive History of Secret Communication from Ancient Times to the Internet edisi ke 2nd Revised New York Simon amp Schuster ISBN 978 0 684 83130 5 Kahn David 29 December 1974 Enigma Unwrapped Review of F W Winterbotham s The Ultra Secret New York Times Book Review hlm 5 Knightley Phillip 1986 The Second Oldest Profession W W Norton amp Co ISBN 0 393 02386 9 Kozaczuk Wladyslaw 1984 Enigma How the German Machine Cipher was Broken and how it was Read by the Allies in World War Two edited and translated by Christopher Kasparek a revised and augmented translation of W kregu enigmy Warsaw Ksiazka i Wiedza 1979 supplemented with appendices by Marian Rejewski Frederick MD University Publications of America ISBN 978 0 89093 547 7 This is the standard reference on the crucial foundations laid by the Poles for World War II Enigma decryption Lewin Ronald 2001 1978 Ultra goes to War edisi ke Penguin Classic Military History London Penguin Group ISBN 978 0 14 139042 0 Focuses on the battle field exploitation of Ultra material Mallmann Showell J P 2003 German Naval Code Breakers Hersham Surrey Ian Allan Publishing ISBN 0 7110 2888 5 OCLC 181448256 Momsen Bill 2007 1977 Codebreaking and Secret Weapons in World War II Chapter IV 1941 42 Nautical Brass diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2001 01 26 diakses tanggal 2008 02 18 Pidgeon Geoffrey 2003 The Secret Wireless War The Story of MI6 Communications 1939 1945 St Leonards on Sea East Sussex UPSO Ltd ISBN 1 84375 252 2 OCLC 56715513 Rejewski Marian wrote a number of papers on his 1932 break into Enigma and his subsequent work on the cipher well into World War II with his fellow mathematician cryptologists Jerzy Rozycki and Henryk Zygalski Most of Rejewski s papers appear in Kozaczuk 1984 Rejewski Marian 1984 Summary of Our Methods for Reconstructing ENIGMA and Reconstructing Daily Keys and of German Efforts to Frustrate Those Methods Appendix C dalam Kozaczuk Wladyslaw Kasparek Christopher Frederick MD Enigma How the German Machine Cipher Was Broken and How It Was Read by the Allies in World War Two edisi ke 2 University Publications of America hlm 241 45 ISBN 978 0 89093 547 7 Andrew Roberts 2009 The Storm of War A New History of the Second World War Penguin Books Limited hlm 501 ISBN 978 0 14 193886 8 Schlesinger Arthur Jr 1992 The London Operation Recollections of a Historian dalam Chalou George C The Secrets War The Office of Strategic Services in World War II Washington DC Government Printing Office ISBN 978 0 911333 91 6 Singh Simon 1999 The Code Book The Science of Secrecy from Ancient Egypt to Quantum Cryptography London Fourth Estate ISBN 1 85702 879 1 This provides a description of the Enigma other ciphers and codes Smith Michael 2007 1998 Station X The Codebreakers of Bletchley Park Pan Grand Strategy Series edisi ke Pan Books London Pan McMillan Ltd ISBN 978 0 330 41929 1 Taylor Fredrick 2005 Dresden Tuesday 13 February 1945 London Bloomsbury hlm 202 ISBN 0 7475 7084 1 Welchman Gordon 1984 1982 The Hut Six story Breaking the Enigma codes Harmondsworth England Penguin Books ISBN 0 14 00 5305 0 An early publication containing several misapprehensions that are corrected in an addendum in the 1997 edition West Nigel 1986 GCHQ The Secret Wireless War 1900 86 London Weidenfeld and Nicolson ISBN 978 0 297 78717 4 Wilkinson Patrick 1993 Italian naval ciphers dalam Hinsley F H Stripp Alan Codebreakers The inside story of Bletchley Park Oxford Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 280132 6 Winterbotham F W 1974 The Ultra Secret New York Harper amp Row ISBN 0 06 014678 8 The first published account of the previously secret wartime operation concentrating mainly on distribution of intelligence It was written from memory and has been shown by subsequent authors who had access to official records to contain some inaccuracies Hinsley amp Stripp 1993 hlm xx Diperoleh dari https id wikipedia org w index php title Ultra amp oldid 20905532