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Ular derik besar atau ular derik sejati adalah kelompok ular derik yang hanya bisa ditemukan di Amerika tersebar luas mu

Ular-derik besar

Ular-derik besar atau ular-derik sejati adalah kelompok ular derik yang hanya bisa ditemukan di Amerika tersebar luas mulai dari Kanada bagian selatan lalu ke selatan hingga Brasil bagian utara dengan populasi terisolasi di Argentina bagian utara.

Ular-derik besar
Crotalus

timber rattlesnake
Penyakitrattlesnake bite
Taksonomi
KerajaanAnimalia
FilumChordata
KelasReptilia
OrdoSquamata
FamiliViperidae
GenusCrotalus
Linnaeus, 1758
Tata nama
Sinonim takson
  • Crotalus Linnaeus, 1758
  • Crotalophorus Houttuyn, 1764
  • Caudisona Laurenti, 1768
  • Crotalinus Rafinesque, 1815
  • Crotalurus Rafinesque, 1820
  • Crotulurus Rafinesque, 1820
  • Uropsophus Wagler, 1830
  • Urocrotalon Fitzinger, 1843
  • Aploaspis Cope, 1867
  • Aechmophrys
    Coues In Wheeler, 1875
  • Haploaspis Cope, 1883
  • Paracrotalus Reuss, 1930
  • l
  • b
  • s

Deskripsi sunting

Artikel utama: Ular derik

Semua jenis dari marga ini, sesuai dengan namanya, memiliki segmen derik di ekornya yang bisa menghasilkan suara bila digetarkan atau digoyangkan. Namun, ular ini hanya akan menggetarkan ekornya jika merasa terganggu.

Jumlah ruas derik sunting

Ular derik besar yang baru lahir hanya memiliki satu ruas derik. Ruas tersebut akan bertambah satu setiap ular ini berganti kulit hingga mencapai dewasa. Biasanya ular dewasa memiliki 8 sampai 14 ruas. Namun pernah ditemukan spesimen yang memiliki derik berjumlah hampir 30 ruas.

Spesies sunting

  • Crotalus adamanteus PALISOT DE BEAUVOIS, 1799 - Ular-derik punggung-permata timur
  • Crotalus angelensis KLAUBER, 1963
  • Crotalus aquilus KLAUBER, 1952
  • Crotalus armstrongi CAMPBELL, 1979
  • Crotalus atrox BAIRD & GIRARD, 1853 - Ular-derik punggung-permata barat
  • Crotalus basiliscus (COPE, 1864)
  • Crotalus campbelli BRYSON JR, LINKEM, DORCAS, LATHROP, JONES, ALVARADO-DÍAZ,, GRÜNWALD & MURPHY, 2014
  • Crotalus catalinensis CLIFF, 1954
  • Crotalus cerastes HALLOWELL, 1854
  • Crotalus cerberus (COUES, 1875)
  • Crotalus culminatus KLAUBER, 1952
  • Crotalus durissus LINNAEUS, 1758 - Cascabel
  • Crotalus enyo (COPE, 1861)
  • Crotalus ericsmithi CAMPBELL & FLORES-VILLELA, 2008
  • Crotalus estebanensis KLAUBER, 1949
  • Crotalus horridus LINNAEUS, 1758 - Ular-derik kayu
  • Crotalus intermedius TROSCHEL, 1865
  • Crotalus lannomi TANNER, 1966
  • Crotalus lepidus (KENNICOTT, 1861)
  • Crotalus lorenzoensis RADCLIFF & MASLIN, 1975
  • Crotalus mitchellii (COPE, 1861)
  • Crotalus molossus BAIRD & GIRARD, 1853
  • Crotalus morulus KLAUBER, 1952
  • Crotalus oreganus HOLBROOK, 1840 - Ular-derik Pasifik
  • Crotalus ornatus HALLOWELL, 1854
  • Crotalus polisi MEIK, SCHAACK, FLORES-VILLELA & STREICHER, 2018
  • Crotalus polystictus (COPE, 1865)
  • Crotalus pricei VAN DENBURGH, 1895
  • Crotalus pusillus KLAUBER, 1952
  • Crotalus pyrrhus (COPE, 1866)
  • Crotalus ravus COPE, 1865
  • Crotalus ruber COPE, 1892 - Ular-derik punggung-permata merah
  • Crotalus scutulatus (KENNICOTT, 1861)
  • Crotalus simus LATREILLE, 1801
  • Crotalus stejnegeri DUNN, 1919
  • Crotalus stephensi KLAUBER, 1930
  • Crotalus tancitarensis ALVARADO-DÍAZ & CAMPBELL, 2004
  • Crotalus thalassoporus MEIK, SCHAACK, FLORES-VILLELA & STREICHER, 2018
  • Crotalus tigris KENNICOTT, 1859 - Ular-derik harimau
  • Crotalus tlaloci BRYSON, LINKEM, DORCAS, LATHROP, JONES, ALVARADO-DÍAZ, GRÜNWALD & MURPHY, 2014
  • Crotalus totonacus GLOYD & KAUFFELD, 1940
  • Crotalus transversus TAYLOR, 1944
  • Crotalus triseriatus (WAGLER, 1830)
  • Crotalus tzabcan KLAUBER, 1952 - Tzabcan
  • Crotalus unicolor VAN LIDTH DE JEUDE, 1887
  • Crotalus vegrandis KLAUBER, 1941
  • Crotalus viridis (RAFINESQUE, 1818)
  • Crotalus willardi MEEK, 1905

Referensi sunting

  1. McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, vol. 1. Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).
  2. Campbell JA, Lamar WW. 2004. The Venomous Reptiles of the Western Hemisphere. Comstock Publishing Associates, Ithaca and London. 870 pp. 1500 plates. ISBN 0-8014-4141-2.
  3. Fergus, Charles (2003). Wildlife of Virginia and Maryland and Washington, Part 3. Stackpole Books. hlm. 460. ISBN 978-0-8117-2821-8. 
  4. Parker HW, Grandison AGC. 1977. Snakes -- a natural history. Second Edition. British Museum (Natural History) and Cornell University Press. 108 pp. 16 plates. LCCCN 76-54625. ISBN 0-8014-1095-9 (cloth), ISBN 0-8014-9164-9 (paper).
  5. Stidworthy J. 1974. Snakes of the World. Grosset & Dunlap Inc. 160 pp. ISBN 0-448-11856-4.
  • Cope ED. 1867. On the Reptilia and Batrachia of the Sonoran province of the Nearctic region. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Science of Philadelphia 18: 300-314[310].
  • Cope ED. 1883. Notes on the geographical distribution of batrachia and reptilia in western North America. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Science of Philadelphia 35: 10-35[13].
  • Coues E. 1875. Synopsis of the Reptiles and Batrachians of Arizona; with Critical and Field Notes, and an Extensive Synonymy, p. 585-633.[609]. In Wheeler GM. 1875. Report Upon Geographical and Geological Explorations and Surveys West of the One Hundredth Meridian. Volume V. Zoology: Reports Upon the Zoological Collections Obtained from Portions of Nevada, Utah, California, Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona, During the Years 1871, 1872, 1873, and 1874. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.
  • Fitzinger LJFJ. 1843. Systema Reptilium. Fasciculus primus. Amblyglossae. Braumüller et Seidel, Wien: 106 pp.[29].
  • Heckel JO, Sisson DC, Quist CF. 1994. Apparent fatal snakebite in three hawks. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 30(4): 616-619.
  • Houttuyn, M. 1764. Natuurlyke historie of uitvoerige beschryving der dieren, planten en mineraalen, volgens het samenstel van den Heer Linnæus. Met naauwkeurige afbeeldingen. Eerste deels, zesde stuk. Dieren van beiderley leven. Amsterdam. 558 pp.[290].
  • Hubbs, Brian and Brendan O'Connor. 2012. A Guide to the Rattlesnakes and other Venomous Serpents of the United States. Tricolor Books. Tempe, Arizona. 129 pp. ISBN 978-0-9754641-3-7.
  • Keegan HL. 1944. Indigo snakes feeding upon poisonous snakes. Copeia 1944(1): 59.
  • Klauber LM. 1927. Some observations on the rattlesnakes of the extreme southwest. Bull. Antivenin Inst. Am. 1(1): 7-21.
  • Klauber LM. 1936. Key to the rattlesnakes with summary characteristics. Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist. 8(2): 185-276.
  • Klauber LM. 1971. Classification, distribution and biology of the venomous snakes of northern Mexico, the United States and Canada: Crotalus and Sistrurus. pp. 115–156 In Bucherl W, Buckley E. 1971. Venomous animals and their venoms, vol. 2. Venomous vertebrates. Academic Press, New York.
  • Klauber LM. 1972. Rattlesnakes: Their habits, life histories, and influence on mankind. 2nd edition. 2 Vols. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
  • Laurenti JN. 1768. Specimen medicum, exhibens synopsin reptilium emendatum cum experimentis circa Venena et antidota reptilium Austriacorum. J.T. de Trattern, Wien. 214 pp.[92].
  • Linnaeus C. 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. 10th ed. Vol. 1. Stockholm. 824 pp.[214].
  • Rafinesque CS. 1815. Analyse de la nature ou tableau de l'univers et des corps organisés. Jean Barravecchia, Palermo. 224 pp. (Herpetol. section) pp. 73–78[77].
  • Rafinesque CS. 1820. Annals of Nature, or Annual Synopsys of New Genera and Species of Animals and Plants Discovered in North America. Lexington. (22): 1-16.[5].
  • Reuss T. 1930. Glasnik Zemaljskog Muzeja u Bosni I Hercegovini. Sveska za Prirodne Nauke. 42: 57-114[60, 88].
  • Wagler J. 1830. Natürliches system der amphibien, mit vorangehender classification der Säugthiere und vögel. München, Stuttgart und Tübingen. vi, 354 pp.[176], 9 pls.
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Tanggal penerbitan:
Ular derik besar atau ular derik sejati adalah kelompok ular derik yang hanya bisa ditemukan di Amerika tersebar luas mulai dari Kanada bagian selatan lalu ke selatan hingga Brasil bagian utara dengan populasi terisolasi di Argentina bagian utara 2 Ular derik besarCrotalustimber rattlesnakePenyakitrattlesnake biteTaksonomiKerajaanAnimaliaFilumChordataKelasReptiliaOrdoSquamataFamiliViperidaeGenusCrotalusLinnaeus 1758Tata namaSinonim taksonCrotalus Linnaeus 1758 Crotalophorus Houttuyn 1764 Caudisona Laurenti 1768 Crotalinus Rafinesque 1815 Crotalurus Rafinesque 1820 Crotulurus Rafinesque 1820 Uropsophus Wagler 1830 Urocrotalon Fitzinger 1843 Aploaspis Cope 1867 Aechmophrys Coues In Wheeler 1875 Haploaspis Cope 1883 Paracrotalus Reuss 1930 1 lbs Daftar isi 1 Deskripsi 1 1 Jumlah ruas derik 2 Spesies 3 ReferensiDeskripsi suntingArtikel utama Ular derik Semua jenis dari marga ini sesuai dengan namanya memiliki segmen derik di ekornya yang bisa menghasilkan suara bila digetarkan atau digoyangkan Namun ular ini hanya akan menggetarkan ekornya jika merasa terganggu 3 Jumlah ruas derik sunting Ular derik besar yang baru lahir hanya memiliki satu ruas derik Ruas tersebut akan bertambah satu setiap ular ini berganti kulit hingga mencapai dewasa Biasanya ular dewasa memiliki 8 sampai 14 ruas Namun pernah ditemukan spesimen yang memiliki derik berjumlah hampir 30 ruas 4 5 Spesies suntingCrotalus adamanteus PALISOT DE BEAUVOIS 1799 Ular derik punggung permata timur Crotalus angelensis KLAUBER 1963 Crotalus aquilus KLAUBER 1952 Crotalus armstrongi CAMPBELL 1979 Crotalus atrox BAIRD amp GIRARD 1853 Ular derik punggung permata barat Crotalus basiliscus COPE 1864 Crotalus campbelli BRYSON JR LINKEM DORCAS LATHROP JONES ALVARADO DIAZ GRUNWALD amp MURPHY 2014 Crotalus catalinensis CLIFF 1954 Crotalus cerastes HALLOWELL 1854 Crotalus cerberus COUES 1875 Crotalus culminatus KLAUBER 1952 Crotalus durissus LINNAEUS 1758 Cascabel Crotalus enyo COPE 1861 Crotalus ericsmithi CAMPBELL amp FLORES VILLELA 2008 Crotalus estebanensis KLAUBER 1949 Crotalus horridus LINNAEUS 1758 Ular derik kayu Crotalus intermedius TROSCHEL 1865 Crotalus lannomi TANNER 1966 Crotalus lepidus KENNICOTT 1861 Crotalus lorenzoensis RADCLIFF amp MASLIN 1975 Crotalus mitchellii COPE 1861 Crotalus molossus BAIRD amp GIRARD 1853 Crotalus morulus KLAUBER 1952 Crotalus oreganus HOLBROOK 1840 Ular derik Pasifik Crotalus ornatus HALLOWELL 1854 Crotalus polisi MEIK SCHAACK FLORES VILLELA amp STREICHER 2018 Crotalus polystictus COPE 1865 Crotalus pricei VAN DENBURGH 1895 Crotalus pusillus KLAUBER 1952 Crotalus pyrrhus COPE 1866 Crotalus ravus COPE 1865 Crotalus ruber COPE 1892 Ular derik punggung permata merah Crotalus scutulatus KENNICOTT 1861 Crotalus simus LATREILLE 1801 Crotalus stejnegeri DUNN 1919 Crotalus stephensi KLAUBER 1930 Crotalus tancitarensis ALVARADO DIAZ amp CAMPBELL 2004 Crotalus thalassoporus MEIK SCHAACK FLORES VILLELA amp STREICHER 2018 Crotalus tigris KENNICOTT 1859 Ular derik harimau Crotalus tlaloci BRYSON LINKEM DORCAS LATHROP JONES ALVARADO DIAZ GRUNWALD amp MURPHY 2014 Crotalus totonacus GLOYD amp KAUFFELD 1940 Crotalus transversus TAYLOR 1944 Crotalus triseriatus WAGLER 1830 Crotalus tzabcan KLAUBER 1952 Tzabcan Crotalus unicolor VAN LIDTH DE JEUDE 1887 Crotalus vegrandis KLAUBER 1941 Crotalus viridis RAFINESQUE 1818 Crotalus willardi MEEK 1905Referensi sunting McDiarmid RW Campbell JA Toure T 1999 Snake Species of the World A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference vol 1 Herpetologists League 511 pp ISBN 1 893777 00 6 series ISBN 1 893777 01 4 volume Campbell JA Lamar WW 2004 The Venomous Reptiles of the Western Hemisphere Comstock Publishing Associates Ithaca and London 870 pp 1500 plates ISBN 0 8014 4141 2 Fergus Charles 2003 Wildlife of Virginia and Maryland and Washington Part 3 Stackpole Books hlm 460 ISBN 978 0 8117 2821 8 Parker HW Grandison AGC 1977 Snakes a natural history Second Edition British Museum Natural History and Cornell University Press 108 pp 16 plates LCCCN 76 54625 ISBN 0 8014 1095 9 cloth ISBN 0 8014 9164 9 paper Stidworthy J 1974 Snakes of the World Grosset amp Dunlap Inc 160 pp ISBN 0 448 11856 4 Cope ED 1867 On the Reptilia and Batrachia of the Sonoran province of the Nearctic region Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Science of Philadelphia 18 300 314 310 Cope ED 1883 Notes on the geographical distribution of batrachia and reptilia in western North America Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Science of Philadelphia 35 10 35 13 Coues E 1875 Synopsis of the Reptiles and Batrachians of Arizona with Critical and Field Notes and an Extensive Synonymy p 585 633 609 In Wheeler GM 1875 Report Upon Geographical and Geological Explorations and Surveys West of the One Hundredth Meridian Volume V Zoology Reports Upon the Zoological Collections Obtained from Portions of Nevada Utah California Colorado New Mexico and Arizona During the Years 1871 1872 1873 and 1874 Government Printing Office Washington DC Fitzinger LJFJ 1843 Systema Reptilium Fasciculus primus Amblyglossae Braumuller et Seidel Wien 106 pp 29 Heckel JO Sisson DC Quist CF 1994 Apparent fatal snakebite in three hawks Journal of Wildlife Diseases 30 4 616 619 Houttuyn M 1764 Natuurlyke historie of uitvoerige beschryving der dieren planten en mineraalen volgens het samenstel van den Heer Linnaeus Met naauwkeurige afbeeldingen Eerste deels zesde stuk Dieren van beiderley leven Amsterdam 558 pp 290 Hubbs Brian and Brendan O Connor 2012 A Guide to the Rattlesnakes and other Venomous Serpents of the United States Tricolor Books Tempe Arizona 129 pp ISBN 978 0 9754641 3 7 Keegan HL 1944 Indigo snakes feeding upon poisonous snakes Copeia 1944 1 59 Klauber LM 1927 Some observations on the rattlesnakes of the extreme southwest Bull Antivenin Inst Am 1 1 7 21 Klauber LM 1936 Key to the rattlesnakes with summary characteristics Trans San Diego Soc Nat Hist 8 2 185 276 Klauber LM 1971 Classification distribution and biology of the venomous snakes of northern Mexico the United States and Canada Crotalus and Sistrurus pp 115 156 In Bucherl W Buckley E 1971 Venomous animals and their venoms vol 2 Venomous vertebrates Academic Press New York Klauber LM 1972 Rattlesnakes Their habits life histories and influence on mankind 2nd edition 2 Vols Berkeley CA University of California Press Laurenti JN 1768 Specimen medicum exhibens synopsin reptilium emendatum cum experimentis circa Venena et antidota reptilium Austriacorum J T de Trattern Wien 214 pp 92 Linnaeus C 1758 Systema naturae per regna tria naturae secundum classes ordines genera species cum characteribus differentiis synonymis locis 10th ed Vol 1 Stockholm 824 pp 214 Rafinesque CS 1815 Analyse de la nature ou tableau de l univers et des corps organises Jean Barravecchia Palermo 224 pp Herpetol section pp 73 78 77 Rafinesque CS 1820 Annals of Nature or Annual Synopsys of New Genera and Species of Animals and Plants Discovered in North America Lexington 22 1 16 5 Reuss T 1930 Glasnik Zemaljskog Muzeja u Bosni I Hercegovini Sveska za Prirodne Nauke 42 57 114 60 88 Wagler J 1830 Naturliches system der amphibien mit vorangehender classification der Saugthiere und vogel Munchen Stuttgart und Tubingen vi 354 pp 176 9 pls ITIS Crotalus Linnaeus 1758 Crotalus sp Reptile Database ADW Genus Crotalus IUCN Crotalus sp Diperoleh dari https id wikipedia org w index php title Ular derik besar amp oldid 24883453