Anarki (Inggris)

The Anarchy adalah sebuah perang saudara di Inggris dan Normandy antara 1135 dan 1153, yang menyebabkan merebaknya perpecahan dalam hukum dan tatanan. Konflik tersebut merupakan sebuah krisis suksesi yang terjadi akibat kematian mendadak William Adelin, putra tunggal kandung dari Henry I, pada 1120. Upaya Henry untuk mengangkat putrinya, Permaisuri Matilda, sebagai penerusnya meraih kegagalan dan saat Henry wafat pada 1135, keponakannya Stephen dari Blois merebut tahta dengan bantuan saudara Stephen, Henry dari Blois, Uskup Winchester. Masa pemerintahan awal Stephen ditandai dengan pertikaian dengan para baron Inggris, para pemimpin pemberontak Wales dan para penginvasi Skotlandia. Setelah pemberontakan besar di barat daya Inggris, Matilda menginvasi pada 1139 dengan bantuan saudara seayahnya, Robert dari Gloucester.

The Anarchy
Ilustrasi kontemporer Pertempuran Lincoln; Stephen (keempat dari kanan) menyimak Baldwin dari Clare sedang mengorasikan sebuah pidato pertempuran (kiri)
Tanggal 1135–54 Lokasi Inggris dan Normandy Hasil Traktat Wallingford: Stephen masih menjadi raja, namun dengan Henry sebagai pewarisnya
Pihak terlibat
Pasukan loyal untuk Stephen of Blois	Pasukan loyal untuk Permaisuri Matilda & Henry Plantagenet
Tokoh dan pemimpin
Stephen dari Blois Matilda dari Boulogne	Permaisuri Matilda Robert of Gloucester Geoffrey Plantagenet Henry Plantagenet

Catatan

Referensi

Daftar pustaka

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