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Penerbang ulung Untuk kegunaan lain lihat Flying Ace disambiguation flying ace fighter ace air ace adalah seorang penerb

Penerbang ulung

Untuk kegunaan lain, lihat Flying Ace (disambiguation).

Penerbang ulung (flying ace, fighter ace, air ace) adalah seorang penerbang militer yang dikenal karena menembak beberapa pesawat musuh saat serangan udara. Jumlah sebenarnya dari kemenangan udara yang disyaratkan secara resmi untuk dikualifikasi sebagai "penerbang" beragam, tetapi biasanya dianggap lima atau lebih. Beberapa penerbang di kalangan pasukan penyerang dulunya dihitung untuk mayoritas kemenangan udara dalam sejarah militer.

"Penerbang Prancis pertama", Adolphe Pégoud, dianugerahi Croix de guerre.

Referensi sunting

Catatan sunting

Kutipan sunting

  1. Dunnigan 2003, p. 149.

Daftar pustaka sunting

  • Belich, Jamie. "Ace, air combat". Richard Holmes, Charles Singleton and Spencer Jones, eds. The Oxford Companion to Military History. Oxford University Press, 2001 [online 2004].
  • Bergström, Christer. Barbarossa: The Air Battle, July–December 1941. Birmingham, UK: Classic Publications, 2007. ISBN 978-1-85780-270-2.
  • Dunnigan, James F. How to Make War: A Comprehensive Guide to Modern Warfare in the Twenty-first Century. New York: HarperCollins, 2003. ISBN 978-0-06009-012-8.
  • Farr, Finis. Rickenbacker's Luck: An American Life. New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1979. ISBN 978-0-395-27102-5.
  • Franks, Norman and Frank W. Bailey. Over the Front: A Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the United States and French Air Services, 1914–1918. London: Grub Street, 1992. ISBN 978-0-948817-54-0.
  • Franks, Norman, Frank W. Bailey and Russell Guest. Above the Lines: The Aces and Fighter Units of the German Air Service, Naval Air Service and Flanders Marine Corps, 1914–1918. London: Grub Street, 1993. ISBN 978-0-94881-773-1.
  • ———; Guest, Russell; Alegi, Gregory (1997), Above the War Fronts: The British Two-seater Bomber Pilot and Observer Aces, the British Two-seater Fighter Observer Aces, and the Belgian, Italian, Austro-Hungarian and Russian Fighter Aces, 1914–1918, Fighting Airmen of WWI, 4, London: Grub Street, ISBN 978-1-898697-56-5 .
  • Fricker, John. Battle for Pakistan: The Air War of 1965. London: Ian Allan, 1979. ISBN 978-0-7110-0929-5.
  • Galland, Adolf The First and the Last London, Methuen, 1955 (Die Ersten und die Letzten Germany, Franz Schneekluth, 1953).
  • Goll, Nicole-Melanie (2011). "Godwin von Brumowski (1889–1936): The Construction of an Austro-Hungarian War Hero during World War I". Dalam Marija Wakounig; Karlo Ruzicic-Kessler. From the Industrial Revolution to World War II in East Central Europe. LIT Verlag. hlm. 139–56. ISBN 978-3643901293. 
  • Guttman, Jon. Pusher Aces of World War 1. London: Osprey, 2009. ISBN 978-1-84603-417-6.
  • Hobson, Chris. Vietnam Air Losses, USAF, USN, USMC, Fixed-Wing Aircraft Losses in Southeast Asia 1961–1973. North Branch, Minnesota: Specialty Press, 2001. ISBN 1-85780-115-6.
  • Johnson, J. E. Wing Leader. London: Ballantine, 1967.
  • Lake, John. The Battle of Britain. London: Amber Books, 2000. ISBN 1-85605-535-3.
  • Lee, Arthur Gould. No Parachute. London: Jarrolds, 1968.
  • O'Connor, Martin. Air Aces of the Austro-Hungarian Empire 1914–1918. Boulder, Colorado: Flying Machine Press, 1986. ISBN 978-1-89126-806-9.
  • Pieters, Walter M. Above Flanders' Fields: A Complete Record of the Belgian Fighter Pilots and Their Units During the Great War, 1914–1918. London: Grub Street, 1998. ISBN 978-1-898697-83-1.
  • Robinson, Bruce (ed.) von Richthofen and the Flying Circus. Letchworth, UK: Harleyford, 1958.
  • Shores, Christopher. Air Aces. Greenwich Connecticut: Bison Books, 1983. ISBN 0-86124-104-5
  • ———; Franks, Norman; Guest, Russell (1990), Above the Trenches: A Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the British Empire Air Forces 1915–1920, London: Grub Street, ISBN 978-0-948817-19-9 .
  • Stenman, Kari and Kalevi Keskinen. Finnish Aces of World War 2 (Osprey Aircraft of the Aces, number 23). London: Osprey Publishing. 1998. ISBN 952-5186-24-5.
  • Thomas, Andrew. Defiant, Blenheim and Havoc Aces. London: Osprey Publishing, 2012. ISBN 978-1-84908-666-0.
  • Toliver, Raymond J. and Trevor J. Constable. Horrido!: Fighter Aces of the Luftwaffe. London: Bantam Books, 1979. ISBN 978-0-55312-663-1.
  • Toperczer, Istvan. MIG-17 and MIG-19 Units of the Vietnam War (Osprey Combat Aircraft, number 25). London: Osprey, 2001. ISBN 978-1-84176-162-6.
  • ——— (2001), MIG-21 Units of the Vietnam War, Combat Aircraft (29), London: Osprey, ISBN 978-1-84176-263-0 .

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Pranala luar sunting

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Untuk kegunaan lain lihat Flying Ace disambiguation Penerbang ulung flying ace fighter ace air ace adalah seorang penerbang militer yang dikenal karena menembak beberapa pesawat musuh saat serangan udara Jumlah sebenarnya dari kemenangan udara yang disyaratkan secara resmi untuk dikualifikasi sebagai penerbang beragam tetapi biasanya dianggap lima atau lebih Beberapa penerbang di kalangan pasukan penyerang dulunya dihitung untuk mayoritas kemenangan udara dalam sejarah militer 1 Penerbang Prancis pertama Adolphe Pegoud dianugerahi Croix de guerre Daftar isi 1 Referensi 1 1 Catatan 1 2 Kutipan 1 3 Daftar pustaka 2 Lihat juga 3 Pranala luarReferensi suntingCatatan sunting Kutipan sunting Dunnigan 2003 p 149 Daftar pustaka sunting Belich Jamie Ace air combat Richard Holmes Charles Singleton and Spencer Jones eds The Oxford Companion to Military History Oxford University Press 2001 online 2004 Bergstrom Christer Barbarossa The Air Battle July December 1941 Birmingham UK Classic Publications 2007 ISBN 978 1 85780 270 2 Dunnigan James F How to Make War A Comprehensive Guide to Modern Warfare in the Twenty first Century New York HarperCollins 2003 ISBN 978 0 06009 012 8 Farr Finis Rickenbacker s Luck An American Life New York Houghton Mifflin 1979 ISBN 978 0 395 27102 5 Franks Norman and Frank W Bailey Over the Front A Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the United States and French Air Services 1914 1918 London Grub Street 1992 ISBN 978 0 948817 54 0 Franks Norman Frank W Bailey and Russell Guest Above the Lines The Aces and Fighter Units of the German Air Service Naval Air Service and Flanders Marine Corps 1914 1918 London Grub Street 1993 ISBN 978 0 94881 773 1 Guest Russell Alegi Gregory 1997 Above the War Fronts The British Two seater Bomber Pilot and Observer Aces the British Two seater Fighter Observer Aces and the Belgian Italian Austro Hungarian and Russian Fighter Aces 1914 1918 Fighting Airmen of WWI 4 London Grub Street ISBN 978 1 898697 56 5 Fricker John Battle for Pakistan The Air War of 1965 London Ian Allan 1979 ISBN 978 0 7110 0929 5 Galland Adolf The First and the Last London Methuen 1955 Die Ersten und die Letzten Germany Franz Schneekluth 1953 Goll Nicole Melanie 2011 Godwin von Brumowski 1889 1936 The Construction of an Austro Hungarian War Hero during World War I Dalam Marija Wakounig Karlo Ruzicic Kessler From the Industrial Revolution to World War II in East Central Europe LIT Verlag hlm 139 56 ISBN 978 3643901293 Guttman Jon Pusher Aces of World War 1 London Osprey 2009 ISBN 978 1 84603 417 6 Hobson Chris Vietnam Air Losses USAF USN USMC Fixed Wing Aircraft Losses in Southeast Asia 1961 1973 North Branch Minnesota Specialty Press 2001 ISBN 1 85780 115 6 Johnson J E Wing Leader London Ballantine 1967 Lake John The Battle of Britain London Amber Books 2000 ISBN 1 85605 535 3 Lee Arthur Gould No Parachute London Jarrolds 1968 O Connor Martin Air Aces of the Austro Hungarian Empire 1914 1918 Boulder Colorado Flying Machine Press 1986 ISBN 978 1 89126 806 9 Pieters Walter M Above Flanders Fields A Complete Record of the Belgian Fighter Pilots and Their Units During the Great War 1914 1918 London Grub Street 1998 ISBN 978 1 898697 83 1 Robinson Bruce ed von Richthofen and the Flying Circus Letchworth UK Harleyford 1958 Shores Christopher Air Aces Greenwich Connecticut Bison Books 1983 ISBN 0 86124 104 5 Franks Norman Guest Russell 1990 Above the Trenches A Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the British Empire Air Forces 1915 1920 London Grub Street ISBN 978 0 948817 19 9 Stenman Kari and Kalevi Keskinen Finnish Aces of World War 2 Osprey Aircraft of the Aces number 23 London Osprey Publishing 1998 ISBN 952 5186 24 5 Thomas Andrew Defiant Blenheim and Havoc Aces London Osprey Publishing 2012 ISBN 978 1 84908 666 0 Toliver Raymond J and Trevor J Constable Horrido Fighter Aces of the Luftwaffe London Bantam Books 1979 ISBN 978 0 55312 663 1 Toperczer Istvan MIG 17 and MIG 19 Units of the Vietnam War Osprey Combat Aircraft number 25 London Osprey 2001 ISBN 978 1 84176 162 6 2001 MIG 21 Units of the Vietnam War Combat Aircraft 29 London Osprey ISBN 978 1 84176 263 0 Lihat juga suntingDaftar penerbang ulung dalam Perang Dunia II dari JepangPranala luar sunting nbsp Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Flying aces Air Aces Homepage A Magnus Air Aces Website Jan Safarik Air Combat Information Group Website All aces of Korean air war Diperoleh dari https id wikipedia org w index php title Penerbang ulung amp oldid 24142254