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Otto IV (1175 – 19 Mei 1218) adalah salah satu dari dua pesaing raja Jerman dari 1198, raja tunggal dari 1208, dan Kaisar Romawi Suci dari 1209 sampai ia terpaksa abdikasi pada 1215. Sebagai satu-satunya raja tunggal dari Wangsa Gwelf, ia memurkai Paus Innosensius III dan diekskomunikasi pada 1210.

Otto IV
Segel Otto IV
Kaisar Romawi Suci
Berkuasa	1209–1215
Penobatan	21 Oktober 1209, Roma
Pendahulu	Henry VI
Penerus	Frederick II
Raja Romawi
Berkuasa	1198–1209
Penobatan	12 Juli 1198, Aachen
Pendahulu	Henry VI
Penerus	Frederick II
Raja Italia
Berkuasa	1208–1212
Pendahulu	Henry VI
Penerus	Henry VII
Raja Burgundi
Berkuasa	1208–1215
Pendahulu	Filipus dari Swabia
Penerus	Frederick II
Informasi pribadi
Kelahiran	1175 mungkin Braunschweig
Kematian	19 Mei 1218 (usia 43) Harzburg
Pemakaman	Katedral Brunswick
Wangsa	Wangsa Gwelf
Ayah	Henry si Singa
Ibu	Matilda dari Inggris
Pasangan	Beatrice dari Hohenstaufen Marie of Brabant
Agama	Katolik Roma

Lambang Wangsa Welf-Brunswick (Braunschweig)

Lambang Otto IV, Kaisar Romawi Suci

Lambang Otto IV, Kaisar Romawi Suci (Chronica Majora)

Catatan Sunting

Although Frederick II was crowned King of the Romans, King of Sicily, King of Jerusalem and Holy Roman Emperor, he was never crowned King of Italy at Pavia, Monza or Milan during his lifetime – see Sismondi's History of the Italian Republics in the Middle Ages, (1906), pg. 143; 147 and Kington-Oliphant's, History of Frederick the Second, Emperor of the Romans, Vol I, (1862), pg. 195 which specifically state that the Milanese refused to crown Frederick with the Iron Crown. Neither is his coronation as King of Italy mentioned in any modern source, such as Abulafia's, The New Cambridge Medieval History, Vol. V: c. 1198 – c. 1300, (1999)

Referensi Sunting

Abulafia, David, The New Cambridge Medieval History, Vol. V: c. 1198 – c. 1300, Cambridge University Press, 1999
Bryce, James, The Holy Roman Empire, 1913
Comyn, Robert. History of the Western Empire, from its Restoration by Charlemagne to the Accession of Charles V, Vol. I. 1851
Dunham, S. A., A History of the Germanic Empire, Vol. I, 1835
Huffman, Joseph Patrick (2000). "Richard the Lionheart and Otto IV: Itinerant Kingship and the City of Cologne". The Social Politics of Medieval Diplomacy: Anglo-German Relations (1066–1307). University of Michigan Press. hlm. 133–77.
Keefe, Thomas K. (1983). Feudal Assessments and the Political Community Under Henry II and His Sons. University of California Press.
McLynn, Frank (2007). Lionheart and Lackland: King Richard, King John and the Wars of Conquest. Vintage.
Norgate, Kate (1887). England Under the Angevin Kings. Macmillan.

Pranala luar Sunting

(Jerman) Otto IV, Kaisar Romawi Suci dalam katalog Perpustakaan Nasional Jerman
Werke über Otto IV, Kaisar Romawi Suci dalam Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek (Perpustakaan Digital Jerman)
Literature about Otto IV in the OPAC of the Regesta Imperii
Deed by Otto IV for Salem Abbey, 14 July 1209, Templat:LBALink
Testament of Emperor Otto IV dated 1218 at kulturerbe.niedersachsen.de

[1] Although Frederick II was crowned King of the Romans, King of Sicily, King of Jerusalem and Holy Roman Emperor, he was never crowned King of Italy at Pavia, Monza or Milan during his lifetime – see Sismondi's History of the Italian Republics in the Middle Ages, (1906), pg. 143; 147 and Kington-Oliphant's, History of Frederick the Second, Emperor of the Romans, Vol I, (1862), pg. 195 which specifically state that the Milanese refused to crown Frederick with the Iron Crown. Neither is his coronation as King of Italy mentioned in any modern source, such as Abulafia's, The New Cambridge Medieval History, Vol. V: c. 1198 – c. 1300, (1999)