Neil deGrasse Tyson

Neil deGrasse Tyson (lahir 5 Oktober 1958) adalah astrofisikawan dan komunikator ilmu pengetahuan Amerika Serikat. Ia adalah kepala Hayden Planetarium di Rose Center for Earth and Space. Semenjak tahun 2006, Neil deGrasse Tyson membawakan acara televisi NOVA scienceNOW di PBS, dan sering kali tampil dalam The Daily Show, The Colbert Report, dan Jeopardy, dan sekarang membawakan acara Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey milik National Geographic Channel.

Neil deGrasse Tyson
Tyson di Washington, D.C., November 2005
Lahir	5 Oktober 1958 (umur 65) The Bronx, New York City, New York, Amerika Serikat
Tempat tinggal	Manhattan, New York City, New York, Amerika Serikat
Almamater	Harvard College (B.A) University of Texas (M.A.) Columbia University (M.Phil.), (Ph.D.)
Penghargaan	NASA Distinguished Public Service Medal
Karier ilmiah
Bidang	Astrofisika, kosmologi fisik, komunikasi ilmu pengetahuan
Institusi	Hayden Planetarium, PBS, Planetary Society
Terinspirasi	Carl Sagan, Fred C. Hess

Gambaran Umum

Tyson dilahirkan di Manhattan, New York dan sudah tertarik pada astronomi sejak berusia sembilan tahun, setelah mengunjungi Planetarium Hayden. Setelah lulus dari The Bronx High School of Science, ia melanjutkan kuliah di Harvard University pada tahun 1980. Setalah menerima gelar master di bidang astronomi di University of Texas at Austin pada tahun 1983, ia mendapat gelar master (1989) dan doktor (1991) di bidang astrofisika dari Columbia University. Untuk tiga tahun berikutnya, ia bekerja sebagai periset di Princeton University, dan pada tahun 1994, ia bergabung dengan Planetarium Hayden sebagai seorang staf ilmuwan. Pada tahun 1996, ia menjadi direktur dari planetarium ini dan mengawasi pengerjaan proyek pembangunan planetarium seharga $210.000.000, yang akhirnya selesai pada tahun 2000.

Dari tahun 1995 sampai 2005, Tyson menulis di kolom "Universe" untuk majalah Natural History, beberapa diantaranya juga diterbitkan lewat bukunya yang berjudul Death by Black Hole (2007). Di periode yang sama, ia juga menulis di kolom pada majalah Star Date, kolom ini menjawab berbagai pertanyaan tentang alam semesta. Di kolom ini, Tyson menggunakan nama pena 'Merlin'. Tulisannya di kolom ini juga ditampilkan dalam bukunya yang berjudul Merlin's Tour of the Universe (1998) dan Just Visiting This Planet (1998). Tyson juga pernah bekerja di Komisi Masa Depan Industri Antariksa A.S pada tahun 2001, dan pada tahun 2004 juga bekerja di Komisi Penerapan Peraturan Antariksa A.S. Ia juga diberi penghargaan NASA Distinguished Public Service Medal pada tahun yang sama. National Academy of Sciences juga memberi Tyson Public Welfare Medal pada tahun 2015 untuk "peran yang luar biasa dalam membuat masyarakat antusias tentang luar angkasa".

Pengiktirafan

Daftar penghargaan yang diterima oleh Tyson:

Anugerah

• 2001 Medal of Excellence, Columbia University, New York City
• 2004 NASA Distinguished Public Service Medal
• 2005 Science Writing Award
• 2007 Klopsteg Memorial Award winner
• 2009 Douglas S. Morrow Public Outreach Award from the Space Foundation for significant contributions to public awareness of space programs
• 2009 Isaac Asimov Award from the American Humanist Association
• 2014 Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Reality Show Host
• 2014 Dunlap Prize
• 2015 Public Welfare Medal from the National Academy of Sciences
• 2015 Cosmos Award, Planetary Society
• 2017 Hubbard Medal, National Geographic Society
• 2017 Stephen Hawking Medal for Science and Communication, Starmus

Penghargaan

• 2000 Sexiest Astrophysicist Alive, People magazine
• 2001 asteroid named: 13123 Tyson, renamed from Asteroid 1994KA by the International Astronomical Union
• 2001 The Tech 100, voted by editors of Crain's Magazine to be among the 100 most influential technology leaders in New York
• 2004 Fifty Most Important African-Americans in Research Science
• 2007 Harvard 100: Most Influential, Harvard Alumni magazine, Cambridge, Massachusetts
• 2007 The Time 100, voted by the editors of Time magazine as one of the 100 most influential persons in the world
• 2008 Discover Magazine selected him as one of "The 10 Most Influential People in Science"

Dokter kehormatan

• 1997 York College, City University of New York
• 2000 Ramapo College, Mahwah, New Jersey
• 2000 Dominican College, Orangeburg, New York
• 2001 University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia
• 2002 Bloomfield College, Bloomfield, New Jersey
• 2003 Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
• 2004 College of Staten Island, City University of New York
• 2006 Pace University, New York City
• 2007 Williams College, Williamstown, Massachusetts
• 2007 Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts
• 2008 University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
• 2010 University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama
• 2010 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York
• 2010 Eastern Connecticut State University, Willimantic, Connecticut
• 2011 Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania
• 2012 Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, Massachusetts
• 2012 Western New England University, Springfield, Massachusetts
• 2015 University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts
• 2017 Baruch College, New York, New York

Filmografi

Tahun	Judul	Peran	Nota
2006–2011	Nova ScienceNow	Pembawa acara	Serial TV
2007	The Universe	Diri sendiri	Dokumenter
2010	NOVA	Hos	Episode: "The Pluto Files"
2012	The Inexplicable Universe: Unsolved Mysteries	Diri sendiri	Serial ceramah 6-bagian dari Kursus Besar
2014	Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey	Pembawa acara/narator	Dokumenter
2015–kini	StarTalk	Pembawa acara	Serial TV
2016	Food Evolution	Narator	Dokumenter

Penampilan lain lain

Tahun	Tajuk	Peranan	Catatan
2008	Stargate: Atlantis	Diri sendiri	Episode: "Brain Storm"
2010	The Big Bang Theory	Diri sendiri	Episode: "The Apology Insufficiency"
2012	Martha Speaks	Diri sendiri	Episode "Eyes on the Skies"
2014	Gravity Falls	Waddles the pig	Episode: "Little Gift Shop of Horrors"
2015	Brooklyn Nine-Nine	Diri sendiri	Episode: "The Swedes"
2016	[Family Guy]	Diri sendiri	Episode: "Scammed Yankees"
2016	Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice	Diri sendiri	Film superhero
2016	Lazer Team	Diri sendiri	Film komedi
2016	Ice Age: Collision Course	Neil deBuck Weasel	Film animasi
2016	Zoolander 2	Diri sendiri	Film komedi
2016	BoJack Horseman	Suara latar planetarium	Episode: "That's Too Much, Man!"
2016	100 Things to Do Before High School	Diri sendiri	Episode: "Meet Your Idol Thing!"
2016	Future-Worm!	Diri sendiri	Episod: "Long Live Captain Cakerz!"
2016	The Jim Gaffigan Show	Diri sendiri	Episod: "Jim at the Museum"
2016	Regular Show	Dirinya sendiri	Episod: "Terror Tales of The Park VI"
2016	Mars	Diri sendiri	Serial TV mini
2017	The Simpsons	Diri sendiri	Episode: "Caper Chase"
2017	Futurama: Worlds of Tomorrow	Diri sendiri	Game aplikasi mobile

Diskografi

Daftar penampilan tamu non-single, dengan artis berkinerja lainnya, yang menampilkan tahun dirilis dan nama albumnya

Judul	Tahun	Artist	Album
"Exist"	2016	Avenged Sevenfold	The Stage
"AfricAryaN"	2017	Logic	Everybody

Karya

Daftar karya oleh Tyson:

Buku

• Merlin's Tour of the Universe (1st ed. 1989; 2nd ed. 1998). ISBN 0-385-48835-1.
• Universe Down to Earth (1994). ISBN 0-231-07560-X.
• Just Visiting This Planet (1998). ISBN 0-385-48837-8.
• One Universe: At Home in the Cosmos (2000). ISBN 0-309-06488-0.
• Cosmic Horizons: Astronomy at the Cutting Edge (2000). ISBN 1-56584-602-8.
• City of Stars: A New Yorker's Guide to the Cosmos (2002)
• My Favorite Universe (a 12-part lecture series) (2003). ISBN 1-56585-663-5.
• Origins: Fourteen Billion Years of Cosmic Evolution (co-authored with Donald Goldsmith) (2004). ISBN 0-393-32758-2.
• The Sky Is Not the Limit: Adventures of an Urban Astrophysicist (2004). ISBN 978-1-59102-188-9.
• Death by Black Hole: And Other Cosmic Quandaries (2007). ISBN 0-393-33016-8.
• The Pluto Files: The Rise and Fall of America's Favorite Planet (2009). ISBN 0-393-06520-0.
• Space Chronicles: Facing the Ultimate Frontier (2012). ISBN 0-393-08210-5.
• Welcome to the Universe: An Astrophysical Tour (co-authored with Michael A. Strauss and J. Richard Gott) (2016). ISBN 978-0691157245.
• Astrophysics for People in a Hurry (2017). ISBN 978-0-39360-939-4.

Publikasi penelitian

• Twarog, Bruce A.; Tyson, Neil D. (1985). "UVBY Photometry of Blue Stragglers in NGC 7789". Astronomical Journal 90: 1247. doi:10.1086/113833.
• Tyson, Neil D.; Scalo, John M. (1988). "Bursting Dwarf Galaxies: Implications for Luminosity Function, Space Density, and Cosmological Mass Density". Astrophysical Journal 329: 618. doi:10.1086/166408.
• Tyson, Neil D. (1988). "On the possibility of Gas-Rich Dwarf Galaxies in the Lyman-alpha Forest". Astrophysical Journal (Letters) 329: L57. doi:10.1086/185176.
• Tyson, Neil D.; Rich, Michael (1991). "Radial Velocity Distribution and Line Strengths of 33 Carbon Stars in the Galactic Bulge". Astrophysical Journal 367: 547. doi:10.1086/169651.
• Tyson, Neil D.; Gal, Roy R. (1993). "An Exposure Guide for Taking Twilight Flatfields with Large Format CCDs". Astronomical Journal 105: 1206. doi:10.1086/116505.
• Tyson, Neil D.; Richmond, Michael W.; Woodhams, Michael; Ciotti, Luca (1993). "On the Possibility of a Major Impact on Uranus in the Past Century". Astronomy & Astrophysics (Research Notes) 275: 630.
• Schmidt, B. P., et al. (1994). "The Expanding Photosphere Method Applied to SN1992am at cz = 14600 km/s". Astronomical Journal 107: 1444.
• Wells, L. A. et al. (1994). "The Type Ia Supernova 1989B in NGC3627 (M66)". Astronomical Journal 108: 2233. doi:10.1086/117236.
• Hamuy, M. et al. (1996). "BVRI Light Curves For 29 Type Ia Supernovae". Astronomical Journal 112: 2408. doi:10.1086/118192.
• Lira, P. et al. (1998). "Optical light curves of the Type IA supernovae SN 1990N and 1991T". Astronomical Journal 116: 1006. doi:10.1086/300175.
• Scoville, N. et al. (2007). "The Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS): Overview". Astrophysical Journal Supplement 172: 1. doi:10.1086/516585.
• Scoville, N. et al. (2007). "COSMOS: Hubble Space Telescope Observations". Astrophysical Journal Supplement 172: 38. doi:10.1086/516580.
• Liu, C. T.; Capak, P.; Mobasher, B.; Paglione, T. A. D.; Scoville, N. Z.; Tribiano, S. M.; Tyson, N. D. (2008). "The Faint-End Slopes of Galaxy Luminosity Functions in the COSMOS Field". Astrophysical Journal Letters 672: 198. doi:10.1086/522361.

Referensi

1. "Neil deGrasse Tyson to Receive Public Welfare Medal – Academy's Most Prestigious Award" (2015-02-26). National Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 2015-03-09.
2. "Curriculum Vitae 2012-01-01 di Wayback Machine.". Hayden Planetarium (2015). Retrieved 2015-10-28.
3. . Hayden Planetarium. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2010-01-11. 
4. http://dunlap.utoronto.ca/about/dunlap-prize/ Dunlap Prize
5. "Feb 26, 2015: Neil deGrasse Tyson to Receive Public Welfare Medal". nasonline.org. 
6. "High Honors". National Geographic. Vol. 232 no. 1. July 2017. hlm. 152. 
7. "Stephen Hawking medal for science and communication". Starmus. Diakses tanggal 6 September 2017. 
8. "Neil De Grasse Tyson: Sexiest Astrophysicist". People Magazine. 54 (20). November 13, 2000. Diakses tanggal December 16, 2011. 
9. "50 Of the Most Inspiring African Americans" (ed. Patricia Hinds), 2002, Essence Books (New York), p. 145.
10. Michael D. Lemonick (May 3, 2007). . The Time 100. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2009-04-12. Diakses tanggal June 7, 2009. 
11. Kruglinski, Susan; Long, Marion (November 26, 2008). "The 10 Most Influential People in Science". Discover magazine. Retrieved April 26, 2008.
12. "The Inexplicable Universe: Unsolved Mysteries". Thegreatcourses.com. Diakses tanggal 2014-03-12. 
13. "Neil deGrasse Tyson". IMDb. Diakses tanggal 2016-01-27. 
14. Joseph C. Lin. "First Look Of Neil deGrasse Tyson Voicing A Pig In Gravity Falls". TIME.com. 
15. Kimberly, Truong. "Neil deGrasse Tyson will tutor Chelsea Peretti on 'Brooklyn Nine-Nine". Mashable. Diakses tanggal December 7, 2015. 
16. Epstein, Dan (28 October 2016). "Avenged Sevenfold Talk Wild New AI-Themed LP, Neil deGrasse Tyson Cameo". RollingStone. Rolling Stone. dari versi asli tanggal 18 March 2017. 
17. Hernandez, Victoria (10 April 2017). "Logic Releases "Everybody" Album Tracklist With Array Of Guest Features". HIPHOPDX. HipHopDX. dari versi asli tanggal 13 April 2017. 
18. Berry, Peter A. (11 April 2017). "Here's the Tracklist for Logic's New Album 'Everybody'". XXL. XXL. dari versi asli tanggal 13 April 2017. 
19. Renshaw, David (11 April 2017). "Logic Has Recruited Juicy J, Khalid, And Neil deGrasse Tyson For His New Album". Fader. The Fader. dari versi asli tanggal 13 April 2017. 
20. "Curriculum Vitae 2012-01-01 di Wayback Machine., HaydenPlanetarium.org; retrieved May 16, 2014.

Pranala luar

Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Neil deGrasse Tyson.

• Official website
• PBS NOVA scienceNOW with Neil deGrasse Tyson
• Global Ideas from Neil deGrasse Tyson 2011-06-23 di Wayback Machine.
• Star Talk Radio Show hosted by Neil deGrasse Tyson