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Nasionalisme Palestina adalah gerakan kebangsaan bangsa Palestina Nasionalisme ini berawal dari kemunculan gerakan pembe

Nasionalisme Palestina

Nasionalisme Palestina adalah gerakan kebangsaan bangsa Palestina. Nasionalisme ini berawal dari kemunculan gerakan pembebasan nasional pada abad ke-19 dan 20 yang menuntut penolakan kolonialisme dan kemerdekaan nasional. Berbeda dengan pan-Arabisme, nasionalisme Palestina lebih mengutamakan penentuan nasib diri Palestina dan menolak pendudukan wilayah Palestina oleh Israel serta penguasaan Jalur Gaza oleh Mesir dan Tepi Barat oleh Yordania (keduanya tergolong bangsa Arab non-domestik).

Tujuan Sunting

Negara Palestina Sunting

Artikel utama: Rencana negara Palestina

Rencana negara Palestina mengacu pada rencana pendirian negara merdeka yang dihuni bangsa Palestina di tanah Palestina. Tanah tersebut diduduki Israel sejak Perang Enam Hari tahun 1967 serta Mesir (Gaza) dan Yordania (Tepi Barat). Rencana tersebut mencakup Jalur Gaza yang dikuasai Hamas (faksi politik Otoritas Nasional Palestina), Tepi Barat yang dikuasai Fatah, dan Yerusalem Timur yang dikuasai Israel dengan klaim kedaulatan.

Dari sungai sampai laut Sunting

"Palestina dari sungai sampai laut" diklaim sebagai wilayah Palestina oleh PLO sejak dibentuk tahun 1964 sampai penandatanganan Piagam Oslo. Klaim PLO awalnya mencakup wilayah yang dikuasai Negara Israel sebelum perang 1967, yaitu Dataran Pesisir, Galilea, Lembah Yisrael, Lembah Arava, dan Gurun Negev, kecuali Tepi Barat (dikuasai Yordania) dan Jalur Gaza (dikuasai oleh Mesir tahun 1959 sampai 1967). Dalam makna yang lain, "Palestina dari sungai sampai laut" masih diklaim oleh Hamas yang mencakup seluruh wilayah bekas Mandat Palestina.

Penggunaan slogan Sunting

Dari Sungai Sampai Laut (Arab: min al-nahr ila al-bahr) adalah slogan politik terkenal yang digunakan oleh para nasionalis Palestina. Slogan ini bermakna bahwa tanah yang terletak antara Sungai Yordan dan Laut Mediterania harus diserahkan oleh Negara Israel ke pemerintahan Arab. Slogan ini sering dipakai oleh pemimpin-pemimpin Arab dan para pengunjuk rasa anti-Israel.

Slogan tersebut muncul dalam berbagai bentuk, termasuk "Dari sungai sampai laut, Palestina akan merdeka," "Palestina milik kita dari sungai sampai laut," dan "Palestina beragama Islam dari sungai sampai laut." Sejumlah cendekiawan Islam juga mengklaim bahwa al-Mahdi akan berseru: "Yerusalem milik Muslim Arab, dan Palestina — seluruhnya, dari sungai sampai laut — milik Muslim Arab."

Lihat pula Sunting

Referensi Sunting

  1. Dave Winter (1999) Israel handbook: with the Palestinian Authority areas Footprint Travel Guides, ISBN 1-900949-48-2 p 773
  2. "No UN Vote Can Deny the Palestinian People Their Right to Self Determination". The Huffington Post UK. 
  3. "Olmert: Israel must quit East Jerusalem and Golan". Diakses tanggal 24 October 2014. 
  4. The PNC Program of 1974, June 8, 1974. On the site of MidEastWeb for Coexistence R.A. - Middle East Resources. Page includes commentary. Accessed 5 December 2006.
  5. . Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-10-28. Diakses tanggal 2015-11-17. 
  6. "The Covenant of the Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas)". MidEast Web. August 18, 1988. 
  7. David Patterson (18 October 2010). A Genealogy of Evil: Anti-Semitism from Nazism to Islamic Jihad. Cambridge University Press. hlm. 249. ISBN 978-1-139-49243-0. ...except the boundary indicated in their slogan "From the river to the sea," which stipulated the obliteration of the Jewish state. 
  8. Ron Rosenbaum (18 December 2007). Those Who Forget the Past: The Question of Anti-Semitism. Random House Publishing Group. hlm. 85. ISBN 978-0-307-43281-0. Only two years ago he [Saddam Hussein] declared on Iraqi television: "Palestine is Arab and must be liberated from the river to the sea and all the Zionists who emigrated to the land of Palestine must leave." 
  9. Alan Dowty (2008). Israel/Palestine. Polity. hlm. 160. ISBN 978-0-7456-4243-7. One exception was Faysal al- Husayni, who stated in his 2001 Beirut speech: "We may lose or win [tactically] but our eyes will continue to aspire to the strategic goal, namely, to Palestine from the river to the sea." 
  10. Barry Rubin (25 May 2010). The Muslim Brotherhood: The Organization and Policies of a Global Islamist Movement. Palgrave Macmillan. hlm. 124. ISBN 978-0-230-10687-1. Thus, the MAB slogan "Palestine must be free, from the river to the sea" is now ubiquitous in anti-Israeli demonstrations in the UK... 
  11. Melanie Phillips (2007). Londonistan. Encounter Books. hlm. 116. ISBN 978-1-59403-197-7. The crowd chanted: "From the river to the sea, Palestine will be free." 
  12. Anne Marie Oliver Research Scholar in Global and International Studies UC Santa Barbara; Paul F. Steinberg Research Scholar in Global and International Studies UC Santa Barbara (1 February 2005). The Road to Martyrs' Square : A Journey into the World of the Suicide Bomber: A Journey into the World of the Suicide Bomber. Oxford University Press. hlm. 33. ISBN 978-0-19-802756-0. …a message reminiscent of the popular intifada slogan "Palestine is ours from the river to the sea," which in the hands of the Islamists became "Palestine is Islamic from the river to the sea." 
  13. David Cook (1 August 2008). Contemporary Muslim Apocalyptic Literature. Syracuse University Press. hlm. 138. ISBN 978-0-8156-3195-8. Jerusalem is Arab Muslim, and Palestine — all of it, from the river to the sea — is Arab Muslim, and there is no place in it for any who depart from peace or from Islam, other than those who submit to those standing under the rule of Islam 

Daftar pustaka Sunting

  • Antonius, George (1938) The Arab Awakening. The Story of the Arab National Movement. Hamish Hamilton. (1945 edition)
  • Benvenisti, Meron (1998) City of Stone: The Hidden History of Jerusalem, University of California Press, ISBN 0-520-20768-8
  • Cypel, Sylvain (2006) Walled: Israeli Society at an Impasse, Other Press, ISBN 1-59051-210-3
  • Frangi, Abdallah (1983) The PLO and Palestine Zed Books, ISBN 0-86232-195-6
  • Hoveyda, Fereydoun of National Committee on American Foreign Policy (2002) The broken crescent: the "threat" of militant Islamic fundamentalism, Greenwood Publishing Group, ISBN 0-275-97902-4
  • Khalaf, Issa (1991) Politics in Palestine: Arab Factionalism and Social Disintegration, 1939-1948 SUNY Press ISBN 0-7914-0707-1
  • Khalidi, Rashid (1997) Palestinian Identity: The Construction of Modern National Consciousness, Columbia University Press, ISBN 0-231-10515-0
  • Kimmerling, Baruch and Migdal, Joel S, (2003) The Palestinian People: A History, Cambridge, Harvard University Press, ISBN 0-674-01131-7
  • Kupferschmidt, Uri M. (1987) The Supreme Muslim Council: Islam Under the British Mandate for Palestine ISBN 90-04-07929-7
  • Kurz, Anat N. (2006-01-30). Fatah and the Politics of Violence: The Institutionalization of a Popular Struggle. Sussex Academic Press. p. 228. ISBN 1-84519-032-7
  • Lassner, Jacob (2000) The Middle East remembered: forged identities, competing narratives, contested spaces, University of Michigan Press, ISBN 0-472-11083-7
  • Levenberg, Haim (1993). Military Preparations of the Arab Community in Palestine: 1945-1948. London: Routledge. ISBN 0-7146-3439-5
  • Mishal, Shaul and Sela, Avraham (2000) The Palestinian Hamas: vision, violence, and coexistence, Columbia University Press, ISBN 0-231-11675-6
  • Morris, Benny (2008) 1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War. Yale University Press ISBN 978-0-300-12696-9
  • Morris, Benny, (second edition 2004 third printing 2006) The Birth Of The Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-00967-7
  • Sufian, Sandra Marlene, and LeVine, Mark (2007) Reapproaching borders: new perspectives on the study of Israel-Palestine, Rowman & Littlefield, ISBN 0-7425-4639-X
  • Swedenburg, Ted (1988) The Role of the Palestinian Peasantry in the Great Revolt 1936 - 1939. in Islam, Politics, and Social Movements, edited by Edmund Burke III and Ira Lapidus. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-06868-8 pp 189–194 & Marvin E. Gettleman, Stuart Schaar (2003) The Middle East and Islamic world reader, Grove Press, ISBN 0-8021-3936-1 pp 177–181
  • Pappé Ilan (2004) A history of modern Palestine: one land, two peoples, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-55632-5
  • Peretz, Don (1994) The Middle East today, Greenwood Publishing Group, ISBN 0-275-94576-6
  • Provence, Michael (2005) The Great Syrian Revolt and the Rise of Arab Nationalism, University of Texas Press, ISBN 0-292-70680-4
  • Shlaim, Avi (reprint 2004) The Politics of Partition; King Abdullah, the Zionists and Palestine, 1921-1951 Oxford University Press ISBN 0-19-829459-X
  • Winter, Dave (1999) Israel handbook: with the Palestinian Authority areas, Footprint Travel Guides, ISBN 1-900949-48-2
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Tanggal penerbitan:
Nasionalisme Palestina adalah gerakan kebangsaan bangsa Palestina Nasionalisme ini berawal dari kemunculan gerakan pembebasan nasional pada abad ke 19 dan 20 yang menuntut penolakan kolonialisme dan kemerdekaan nasional 1 Berbeda dengan pan Arabisme nasionalisme Palestina lebih mengutamakan penentuan nasib diri Palestina dan menolak pendudukan wilayah Palestina oleh Israel 2 serta penguasaan Jalur Gaza oleh Mesir dan Tepi Barat oleh Yordania keduanya tergolong bangsa Arab non domestik Daftar isi 1 Tujuan 1 1 Negara Palestina 1 2 Dari sungai sampai laut 1 2 1 Penggunaan slogan 2 Lihat pula 3 Referensi 4 Daftar pustakaTujuan SuntingNegara Palestina Sunting Artikel utama Rencana negara Palestina Rencana negara Palestina mengacu pada rencana pendirian negara merdeka yang dihuni bangsa Palestina di tanah Palestina Tanah tersebut diduduki Israel sejak Perang Enam Hari tahun 1967 serta Mesir Gaza dan Yordania Tepi Barat Rencana tersebut mencakup Jalur Gaza yang dikuasai Hamas faksi politik Otoritas Nasional Palestina Tepi Barat yang dikuasai Fatah dan Yerusalem Timur yang dikuasai Israel dengan klaim kedaulatan 3 Dari sungai sampai laut Sunting Palestina dari sungai sampai laut diklaim sebagai wilayah Palestina oleh PLO 4 sejak dibentuk tahun 1964 sampai penandatanganan Piagam Oslo 5 Klaim PLO awalnya mencakup wilayah yang dikuasai Negara Israel sebelum perang 1967 yaitu Dataran Pesisir Galilea Lembah Yisrael Lembah Arava dan Gurun Negev kecuali Tepi Barat dikuasai Yordania dan Jalur Gaza dikuasai oleh Mesir tahun 1959 sampai 1967 Dalam makna yang lain Palestina dari sungai sampai laut masih diklaim oleh Hamas 6 yang mencakup seluruh wilayah bekas Mandat Palestina Penggunaan slogan Sunting Dari Sungai Sampai Laut Arab min al nahr ila al bahr adalah slogan politik terkenal yang digunakan oleh para nasionalis Palestina Slogan ini bermakna bahwa tanah yang terletak antara Sungai Yordan dan Laut Mediterania harus diserahkan oleh Negara Israel ke pemerintahan Arab 7 Slogan ini sering dipakai oleh pemimpin pemimpin Arab 8 9 dan para pengunjuk rasa anti Israel 10 Slogan tersebut muncul dalam berbagai bentuk termasuk Dari sungai sampai laut Palestina akan merdeka 11 Palestina milik kita dari sungai sampai laut dan Palestina beragama Islam dari sungai sampai laut 12 Sejumlah cendekiawan Islam juga mengklaim bahwa al Mahdi akan berseru Yerusalem milik Muslim Arab dan Palestina seluruhnya dari sungai sampai laut milik Muslim Arab 13 Lihat pula Sunting nbsp Portal Palestina Pandangan kenegaraan Palestina Pemberontakan Arab di Palestina 1936 39 Sejarah Palestina Mufti Agung Yerusalem Abd al Qadir al Husayni Musa al Husayni Khalil al Sakakini Yousef al Khalidi Zuheir Mohsen Kekerasan politik PalestinaReferensi Sunting Dave Winter 1999 Israel handbook with the Palestinian Authority areas Footprint Travel Guides ISBN 1 900949 48 2 p 773 No UN Vote Can Deny the Palestinian People Their Right to Self Determination The Huffington Post UK Olmert Israel must quit East Jerusalem and Golan Diakses tanggal 24 October 2014 The PNC Program of 1974 June 8 1974 On the site of MidEastWeb for Coexistence R A Middle East Resources Page includes commentary Accessed 5 December 2006 Israel PLO Recognition Exchange of Letters between PM Rabin and Chairman Arafat 9 1 Sept 993 Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013 10 28 Diakses tanggal 2015 11 17 The Covenant of the Islamic Resistance Movement Hamas MidEast Web August 18 1988 David Patterson 18 October 2010 A Genealogy of Evil Anti Semitism from Nazism to Islamic Jihad Cambridge University Press hlm 249 ISBN 978 1 139 49243 0 except the boundary indicated in their slogan From the river to the sea which stipulated the obliteration of the Jewish state Ron Rosenbaum 18 December 2007 Those Who Forget the Past The Question of Anti Semitism Random House Publishing Group hlm 85 ISBN 978 0 307 43281 0 Only two years ago he Saddam Hussein declared on Iraqi television Palestine is Arab and must be liberated from the river to the sea and all the Zionists who emigrated to the land of Palestine must leave Alan Dowty 2008 Israel Palestine Polity hlm 160 ISBN 978 0 7456 4243 7 One exception was Faysal al Husayni who stated in his 2001 Beirut speech We may lose or win tactically but our eyes will continue to aspire to the strategic goal namely to Palestine from the river to the sea Barry Rubin 25 May 2010 The Muslim Brotherhood The Organization and Policies of a Global Islamist Movement Palgrave Macmillan hlm 124 ISBN 978 0 230 10687 1 Thus the MAB slogan Palestine must be free from the river to the sea is now ubiquitous in anti Israeli demonstrations in the UK Melanie Phillips 2007 Londonistan Encounter Books hlm 116 ISBN 978 1 59403 197 7 The crowd chanted From the river to the sea Palestine will be free Anne Marie Oliver Research Scholar in Global and International Studies UC Santa Barbara Paul F Steinberg Research Scholar in Global and International Studies UC Santa Barbara 1 February 2005 The Road to Martyrs Square A Journey into the World of the Suicide Bomber A Journey into the World of the Suicide Bomber Oxford University Press hlm 33 ISBN 978 0 19 802756 0 a message reminiscent of the popular intifada slogan Palestine is ours from the river to the sea which in the hands of the Islamists became Palestine is Islamic from the river to the sea David Cook 1 August 2008 Contemporary Muslim Apocalyptic Literature Syracuse University Press hlm 138 ISBN 978 0 8156 3195 8 Jerusalem is Arab Muslim and Palestine all of it from the river to the sea is Arab Muslim and there is no place in it for any who depart from peace or from Islam other than those who submit to those standing under the rule of Islam Daftar pustaka SuntingAntonius George 1938 The Arab Awakening The Story of the Arab National Movement Hamish Hamilton 1945 edition Benvenisti Meron 1998 City of Stone The Hidden History of Jerusalem University of California Press ISBN 0 520 20768 8 Cypel Sylvain 2006 Walled Israeli Society at an Impasse Other Press ISBN 1 59051 210 3 Frangi Abdallah 1983 The PLO and Palestine Zed Books ISBN 0 86232 195 6 Hoveyda Fereydoun of National Committee on American Foreign Policy 2002 The broken crescent the threat of militant Islamic fundamentalism Greenwood Publishing Group ISBN 0 275 97902 4 Khalaf Issa 1991 Politics in Palestine Arab Factionalism and Social Disintegration 1939 1948 SUNY Press ISBN 0 7914 0707 1 Khalidi Rashid 1997 Palestinian Identity The Construction of Modern National Consciousness Columbia University Press ISBN 0 231 10515 0 Kimmerling Baruch and Migdal Joel S 2003 The Palestinian People A History Cambridge Harvard University Press ISBN 0 674 01131 7 Kupferschmidt Uri M 1987 The Supreme Muslim Council Islam Under the British Mandate for Palestine ISBN 90 04 07929 7 Kurz Anat N 2006 01 30 Fatah and the Politics of Violence The Institutionalization of a Popular Struggle Sussex Academic Press p 228 ISBN 1 84519 032 7 Lassner Jacob 2000 The Middle East remembered forged identities competing narratives contested spaces University of Michigan Press ISBN 0 472 11083 7 Levenberg Haim 1993 Military Preparations of the Arab Community in Palestine 1945 1948 London Routledge ISBN 0 7146 3439 5 Mishal Shaul and Sela Avraham 2000 The Palestinian Hamas vision violence and coexistence Columbia University Press ISBN 0 231 11675 6 Morris Benny 2008 1948 A History of the First Arab Israeli War Yale University Press ISBN 978 0 300 12696 9 Morris Benny second edition 2004 third printing 2006 The Birth Of The Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited Cambridge University Press ISBN 0 521 00967 7 Sufian Sandra Marlene and LeVine Mark 2007 Reapproaching borders new perspectives on the study of Israel Palestine Rowman amp Littlefield ISBN 0 7425 4639 X Swedenburg Ted 1988 The Role of the Palestinian Peasantry in the Great Revolt 1936 1939 in Islam Politics and Social Movements edited by Edmund Burke III and Ira Lapidus Berkeley University of California Press ISBN 0 520 06868 8 pp 189 194 amp Marvin E Gettleman Stuart Schaar 2003 The Middle East and Islamic world reader Grove Press ISBN 0 8021 3936 1 pp 177 181 Pappe Ilan 2004 A history of modern Palestine one land two peoples Cambridge University Press ISBN 0 521 55632 5 Peretz Don 1994 The Middle East today Greenwood Publishing Group ISBN 0 275 94576 6 Provence Michael 2005 The Great Syrian Revolt and the Rise of Arab Nationalism University of Texas Press ISBN 0 292 70680 4 Shlaim Avi reprint 2004 The Politics of Partition King Abdullah the Zionists and Palestine 1921 1951 Oxford University Press ISBN 0 19 829459 X Winter Dave 1999 Israel handbook with the Palestinian Authority areas Footprint Travel Guides ISBN 1 900949 48 2 Diperoleh dari https id wikipedia org w index php title Nasionalisme Palestina amp oldid 19379930