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Kudeta Iran 1953 yang dikenal di Iran sebagai kudeta 28 Mordad bahasa Persia کودتای ۲۸ مرداد adalah pelengseran Perdana

Kudeta Iran 1953

Kudeta Iran 1953, yang dikenal di Iran sebagai kudeta 28 Mordad (bahasa Persia: کودتای ۲۸ مرداد), adalah pelengseran Perdana Menteri Mohammad Mosaddegh dalam rangka memperkuat kekuasaan monarki Mohammad Reza Pahlavi pada 19 Agustus 1953, yang disertai oleh Britania Raya (dengan nama "Operasi Boot") dan Amerika Serikat (dengan nama Proyek TPAJAX).

Kudeta Iran 1953
Bagian dari Krisis Abadan

Pria Tehran merayakan kudeta
Tanggal15–19 Agustus 1953
LokasiIran
Hasil

Perdana Menteri Iran Mohammad Mosaddegh berhasil dilengserkan

Pihak terlibat

Pendukung Mohammed Reza Pahlavi
Covertly:
 Amerika Serikat

 Britania Raya

Pendukung Mohammad Mosaddegh
Berkas:Iran NF.jpg Front Nasional
Tokoh dan pemimpin
Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
Fazlollah Zahedi
Abol-Ghasem Kashani (1952–1953)
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Allen Dulles
Kermit Roosevelt, Jr.
Winston Churchill
Anthony Eden
John Alexander Sinclair
Korban
300–800 tewas

Setelah kudeta tersebut, Shah memerintah sebagai penguasa untuk 26 tahun berikutnya ketika memodernisasikan negara tersebut menggunakan pembaharuan minyak, sampai ia dilengserkan dalam Revolusi Iran pada 1979.

Referensi sunting

  1. Steven R. Ward (2009). Immortal: A Military History of Iran and Its Armed Forces. Georgetown University Press. hlm. 189. ISBN 978-1-58901-587-6. Diakses tanggal 16 July 2013. 
  2. Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama systemicpeace
  3. CLANDESTINE SERVICE HISTORY: OVERTHROW OF PREMIER MOSSADEQ OF IRAN, Mar. 1954: p iii.
  4. Ends of British Imperialism: The Scramble for Empire, Suez, and Decolonization. I.B.Tauris. 2007. hlm. 775 of 1082. ISBN 9781845113476. 
  5. Bryne, Malcolm (18 August 2013). "CIA Admits It Was Behind Iran's Coup". Foreign Policy. 
  6. The CIA's history of the 1953 coup in Iran is made up of the following documents: a historian's note, a summary introduction, a lengthy narrative account written by Dr. Donald N. Wilber, and, as appendices, five planning documents he attached. Published 18 June 2000 by The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/library/world/mideast/041600iran-cia-index.html
  7. ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama Milani Persians
  8. ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama Milani Shah
  9. Kinzer, Stephen, All the Shah's Men: An American Coup and the Roots of Middle East Terror, John Wiley and Sons, 2003.

Daftar pustaka sunting

  • Abrahamian, Ervand, Iran Between Two Revolutions (Princeton University Press, 1982)
  • Dorril, Stephen, Mi6: Inside the Covert World of Her Majesty's Secret Intelligence Service ISBN 978-0-7432-0379-1 (paperback is separately titled: MI6: Fifty Years of Special Operations Fourth Estate: London, a division of HarperCollins ISBN 1-85702-701-9)
  • Dreyfuss, Robert, Devil's Game: How the United States Helped Unleash Fundamentalist Islam (Henry Holt and Company: 2005)
  • Elm, Mostafa. Oil, Power and Principle: Iran's Oil Nationalization and Its Aftermath. (Syracuse University Press, 1994) ISBN 978-0-8156-2642-8 Documents competition between Britain and the United States for Iranian oil, both before and after the coup. Publishers Weekly summary: "an impressive work of scholarship by an Iranian economist and former diplomat [showing how] the CIA-orchestrated coup, followed by U.S. backing of the dictatorial Shah, planted"
  • Elwell-Sutton, L. P. Persian Oil: A Study in Power Politics (Lawrence and Wishart Ltd.: London) 1955. Reprinted by Greenwood Press 1976. 978-0837171227
  • Farmanfarmaiyan, Manuchihr, Roxane Farmanfarmaian Blood and Oil: A Prince's Memoir of Iran, from the Shah to the Ayatollah (Random House 2005.). A cousin of Mosaddeq, Farmanfarmaiyan was the Shah's oil adviser. Sympathetic to the Shah and antagonistic to Khomeini, Farmanfarmaiyan offers many insider details of the epic battle for Iranian oil, both in Iran's historic relationship with Britain and then, after the coup, with the United States.
  • Gasiorowski, Mark J. U.S. Foreign Policy and the Shah: Building a Client State in Iran (Cornell University Press: 1991). Traces the exact changes in U.S. foreign policy that led to the coup in Iran soon after the inauguration of Dwight D. Eisenhower; describes "the consequences of the coup for Iran's domestic politics" including "an extensive series of arrests and installation of a rigid authoritarian regime under which all forms of opposition political activity were prohibited." Documents how U.S. oil industry benefited from the coup with, for the first time, 40 percent post-coup share in Iran's oil revenue.
  • Gasiorowski, Mark J., Editor; Malcolm Byrne (Editor) (2004). Mohammad Mosaddeq and the 1953 Coup in Iran. Syracuse University Press. ISBN 978-0-8156-3018-0. 
  • Gasiorowski, Mark J. (August 1987). "The 1953 Coup D'etat in Iran". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 10 (3): 261–286. JSTOR 163655. 
  • Gendzier, Irene. Notes From the Minefield: United States Intervention in Lebanon and the Middle East, 1945–1958 Westview Press, 1999. ISBN 978-0-8133-6689-0
  • Heiss, Mary Ann, Empire and Nationhood: The United States, Great Britain, and Iranian Oil, 1950–1954, Columbia University Press,1997. ISBN 0-231-10819-2
  • Kapuscinski, Ryszard (1982). Shah of Shahs. Vintage. ISBN 0-679-73801-0. 
  • Kinzer, Stephen (2003). All the Shah's Men: An American Coup and the Roots of Middle East Terror. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 0-471-26517-9. 
  • Kinzer, Stephen, Overthrow: America's Century of Regime Change from Hawaii to Iraq (Henry Holt and Company 2006). ISBN /9780805082401 Assesses the influence of John Foster Dulles on U.S. foreign policy. "Dulles was tragically mistaken in his view that the Kremlin lay behind the emergence of nationalism in the developing world. He could... claim consistency in his uncompromising opposition to every nationalist, leftist, or Marxist regime on earth."
  • McCoy, Alfred, A Question of Torture: CIA Interrogation, from the Cold War to the War on Terror (Metropolitan Books 2006)
  • Rashid, Ahmed. Taliban: Militant Islam, Oil and Fundamentalism in Central Asia (Yale University Press 2010) ISBN 978-0-300-16368-1
  • Roosevelt, Kermit, Jr. (1979). Countercoup: The struggle for the control of Iran. McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-053590-9. 
  • Weiner, Tim. Legacy of Ashes: The History of the CIA (Doubleday 2007) ISBN 978-0-307-38900-8
  • Wilber "Clandestine Service History: Overthrow of Premier Mossadeq of Iran, Nov. 1952 – 1953" [CIA] CS Historial Paper no. 208. March 1954.
  • Behrooz, Maziar (August 2001). "Tudeh Factionalism and the 1953 Coup in Iran". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 33 (3): 363–382. doi:10.1017/S0020743801003026. JSTOR 259456. 

Pranala luar sunting

Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai 1953 Iranian coup.

Templat:Dwight D. Eisenhower

Templat:Konflik Timur Tengah

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Tanggal penerbitan:
Kudeta Iran 1953 yang dikenal di Iran sebagai kudeta 28 Mordad bahasa Persia کودتای ۲۸ مرداد adalah pelengseran Perdana Menteri Mohammad Mosaddegh dalam rangka memperkuat kekuasaan monarki Mohammad Reza Pahlavi pada 19 Agustus 1953 yang disertai oleh Britania Raya dengan nama Operasi Boot dan Amerika Serikat dengan nama Proyek TPAJAX 3 4 5 6 Kudeta Iran 1953Bagian dari Krisis AbadanPria Tehran merayakan kudetaTanggal15 19 Agustus 1953LokasiIranHasilPerdana Menteri Iran Mohammad Mosaddegh berhasil dilengserkan Jenderal Fazlollah Zahedi dilantik menjadi perdana menteri oleh Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi Monarki meningkatkan hubungan kekuasaan dengan pemerintahan terpilih Pihak terlibatPendukung Mohammed Reza Pahlavi Covertly Amerika Serikat CIA Britania Raya SISPendukung Mohammad Mosaddegh Berkas Iran NF jpg Front NasionalTokoh dan pemimpinMohammad Reza Pahlavi Fazlollah Zahedi Abol Ghasem Kashani 1952 1953 Dwight D Eisenhower Allen Dulles Kermit Roosevelt Jr Winston Churchill Anthony Eden John Alexander SinclairMohammad MosaddeghHossein FatemiKarim SanjabiAbol Ghasem KashaniKorban300 1 800 2 tewasSetelah kudeta tersebut Shah memerintah sebagai penguasa untuk 26 tahun berikutnya 7 8 ketika memodernisasikan negara tersebut menggunakan pembaharuan minyak sampai ia dilengserkan dalam Revolusi Iran pada 1979 7 8 9 Referensi sunting Steven R Ward 2009 Immortal A Military History of Iran and Its Armed Forces Georgetown University Press hlm 189 ISBN 978 1 58901 587 6 Diakses tanggal 16 July 2013 Kesalahan pengutipan Tag lt ref gt tidak sah tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama systemicpeace CLANDESTINE SERVICE HISTORY OVERTHROW OF PREMIER MOSSADEQ OF IRAN Mar 1954 p iii Ends of British Imperialism The Scramble for Empire Suez and Decolonization I B Tauris 2007 hlm 775 of 1082 ISBN 9781845113476 Bryne Malcolm 18 August 2013 CIA Admits It Was Behind Iran s Coup Foreign Policy The CIA s history of the 1953 coup in Iran is made up of the following documents a historian s note a summary introduction a lengthy narrative account written by Dr Donald N Wilber and as appendices five planning documents he attached Published 18 June 2000 by The New York Times http www nytimes com library world mideast 041600iran cia index html a b Kesalahan pengutipan Tag lt ref gt tidak sah tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama Milani Persians a b Kesalahan pengutipan Tag lt ref gt tidak sah tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama Milani Shah Kinzer Stephen All the Shah s Men An American Coup and the Roots of Middle East Terror John Wiley and Sons 2003 Daftar pustaka suntingAbrahamian Ervand Iran Between Two Revolutions Princeton University Press 1982 Dorril Stephen Mi6 Inside the Covert World of Her Majesty s Secret Intelligence Service ISBN 978 0 7432 0379 1 paperback is separately titled MI6 Fifty Years of Special Operations Fourth Estate London a division of HarperCollins ISBN 1 85702 701 9 Dreyfuss Robert Devil s Game How the United States Helped Unleash Fundamentalist Islam Henry Holt and Company 2005 Elm Mostafa Oil Power and Principle Iran s Oil Nationalization and Its Aftermath Syracuse University Press 1994 ISBN 978 0 8156 2642 8 Documents competition between Britain and the United States for Iranian oil both before and after the coup Publishers Weekly summary an impressive work of scholarship by an Iranian economist and former diplomat showing how the CIA orchestrated coup followed by U S backing of the dictatorial Shah planted Elwell Sutton L P Persian Oil A Study in Power Politics Lawrence and Wishart Ltd London 1955 Reprinted by Greenwood Press 1976 978 0837171227 Farmanfarmaiyan Manuchihr Roxane Farmanfarmaian Blood and Oil A Prince s Memoir of Iran from the Shah to the Ayatollah Random House 2005 A cousin of Mosaddeq Farmanfarmaiyan was the Shah s oil adviser Sympathetic to the Shah and antagonistic to Khomeini Farmanfarmaiyan offers many insider details of the epic battle for Iranian oil both in Iran s historic relationship with Britain and then after the coup with the United States Gasiorowski Mark J U S Foreign Policy and the Shah Building a Client State in Iran Cornell University Press 1991 Traces the exact changes in U S foreign policy that led to the coup in Iran soon after the inauguration of Dwight D Eisenhower describes the consequences of the coup for Iran s domestic politics including an extensive series of arrests and installation of a rigid authoritarian regime under which all forms of opposition political activity were prohibited Documents how U S oil industry benefited from the coup with for the first time 40 percent post coup share in Iran s oil revenue Gasiorowski Mark J Editor Malcolm Byrne Editor 2004 Mohammad Mosaddeq and the 1953 Coup in Iran Syracuse University Press ISBN 978 0 8156 3018 0 Pemeliharaan CS1 Teks tambahan authors list link Gasiorowski Mark J August 1987 The 1953 Coup D etat in Iran International Journal of Middle East Studies 10 3 261 286 JSTOR 163655 Gendzier Irene Notes From the Minefield United States Intervention in Lebanon and the Middle East 1945 1958 Westview Press 1999 ISBN 978 0 8133 6689 0 Heiss Mary Ann Empire and Nationhood The United States Great Britain and Iranian Oil 1950 1954 Columbia University Press 1997 ISBN 0 231 10819 2 Kapuscinski Ryszard 1982 Shah of Shahs Vintage ISBN 0 679 73801 0 Kinzer Stephen 2003 All the Shah s Men An American Coup and the Roots of Middle East Terror John Wiley amp Sons ISBN 0 471 26517 9 Kinzer Stephen Overthrow America s Century of Regime Change from Hawaii to Iraq Henry Holt and Company 2006 ISBN 9780805082401 Assesses the influence of John Foster Dulles on U S foreign policy Dulles was tragically mistaken in his view that the Kremlin lay behind the emergence of nationalism in the developing world He could claim consistency in his uncompromising opposition to every nationalist leftist or Marxist regime on earth McCoy Alfred A Question of Torture CIA Interrogation from the Cold War to the War on Terror Metropolitan Books 2006 Rashid Ahmed Taliban Militant Islam Oil and Fundamentalism in Central Asia Yale University Press 2010 ISBN 978 0 300 16368 1 Roosevelt Kermit Jr 1979 Countercoup The struggle for the control of Iran McGraw Hill ISBN 978 0 07 053590 9 Weiner Tim Legacy of Ashes The History of the CIA Doubleday 2007 ISBN 978 0 307 38900 8 Wilber Clandestine Service History Overthrow of Premier Mossadeq of Iran Nov 1952 1953 CIA CS Historial Paper no 208 March 1954 Behrooz Maziar August 2001 Tudeh Factionalism and the 1953 Coup in Iran International Journal of Middle East Studies 33 3 363 382 doi 10 1017 S0020743801003026 JSTOR 259456 Pranala luar sunting nbsp Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai 1953 Iranian coup Dr Mohammad Mosaddeq Symbol of Iranian Nationalism and Struggle Against Imperialism by the Iran Chamber Society Clandestine Service History Overthrow of Premier Mosaddeq of Iran November 1952 August 1953 Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2009 06 09 Diakses tanggal 6 June 2009 The 1953 Coup in Iran by Professor Ervand Abrahamnian Diarsipkan 2009 06 29 di Wayback Machine 2009 10 20 Science amp Society Vol 65 No 2 Summer 2001 182 215 The Secret CIA History of the Iran Coup 1953 Provided by the National Security Archive Mohammad Mosaddeq and the 1953 Coup in Iran new book from the National Security Archive reexamines the coup Review of All the Shah s Men by CIA staff historian David S RobargeDiarsipkan 2009 05 13 di Wayback Machine Radio Free Europe From The Archives The 1953 Iranian Coup PhotosTemplat Dwight D Eisenhower Templat Konflik Timur Tengah Diperoleh dari https id wikipedia org w index php title Kudeta Iran 1953 amp oldid 23996207