Koordinat: 33°6′N 44°6′E / 33.100°N 44.100°E
Kekaisaran Akkadia adalah kekaisaran yang berpusat di kota Akkad (Sumeria: Agade Hittite KUR A.GA.DÈKI "tanah Akkad"; Biblical Accad) dan wilayah sekitarnya (Akkadian URU Akkad KI) di Mesopotamia tengah (Irak modern).
Akkadian Empire 𒆳𒌵𒆠 (Akkadian) māt Akkadi 𒀀𒂵𒉈𒆠 (Sumerian) a-ga-de3KI | |
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ca. 2334 – 2154 BC (180 years) | |
Bronze head of an Akkadian ruler, discovered in Nineveh in 1931, presumably depicting either Sargon or, more probably, Sargon's grandson Naram-Sin. Lost in the 2003 lootings. | |
Map of the Akkadian Empire (brown) and the directions in which military campaigns were conducted (yellow arrows) | |
Ibu kota | Akkad |
Bahasa resmi |
|
Bahasa yang umum digunakan | Akkadian Sumerian (declining) |
Agama | Ancient Mesopotamian religion |
Pemerintahan | Monarchy |
Šarrum (Raja) | |
• ca. 2334–2279 BC | Sargon (first) |
• ca. 2170–2154 BC | Shu-turul (last) |
Era Sejarah | Bronze Age |
• Didirikan | ca. 2334 BC |
• Penaklukan Sargon Akkad | ca. 2340 – 2284 BC |
• Dibubarkan | ca. 2154 BC |
Luas | |
2350 BC | 30.000 km2 (12.000 sq mi) |
2300 BC | 650.000 km2 (250.000 sq mi) |
2250 BC | 800.000 km2 (310.000 sq mi) |
2200 BC | 250.000 km2 (97.000 sq mi) |
Sekarang bagian dari | Iraq Iran Syria Turki |
Kota Akkadia terletak di tepi barat sungai Efrat. Meskipun dilakukan pencarian lebih lanjut, lokasi spesifiknya tidak pernah ditemukan. Kekaisaran ini mencapai puncak kejayaannya pada abad ke-24 dan 22 SM, dengan dilakukannya penaklukan oleh raja Sargon dari Akkad terhadap bangsa Sumeria sekitar tahun 2.300 SM.
Pranala luar Sunting
- ^ Mallowan, M. E. L. (1936). "The Bronze Head of the Akkadian Period from Nineveh". Iraq. 3 (1): 104–110. doi:10.2307/4241589. JSTOR 4241589.
- Kidner, Frank L.; Bucur, Maria; Mathisen, Ralph; McKee, Sally; Weeks, Theodore R. (2007). Making Europe: People, Politics, and Culture (dalam bahasa Inggris). Cengage Learning. hlm. 15. ISBN 978-0-618-00479-9.
- ^ "Size and Duration of Empires Growth-Decline Curves, 3000 to 600 B.C." (PDF). Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2022-10-09.
- borrowed from Sumerian URU (uru(2)(ki), iri, rí; iri11: city, town, village, district [URU archaic frequency: 101; concatenation of 5 sign variants; UNUG archaic frequency: 206; concatenates 3 sign variants].) meaning city and Ki meaning place is a Sumerian - Akkadian determinative Idiom uru-bar-ra: outside the city, outskirts of the city, the countryside ('city' + 'outside' + nominative).uru-kúr(-ra):(in) a foreign city ('city' + 'strange' + locative).uru-šà-ga: the interior city (contrasts to uru-bar-ra)('city' + 'inside' + nominative).zag-uru: outskirts of the city ('edge, limit' + 'city').(see Hallorans Sumerian Lexicon)
- Mish, Frederick C., Editor in Chief. “Akkad” Webster’s Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary. ninth ed. Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster Inc., 1985. ISBN 0-87779-508-8, ISBN 0-87779-509-6 (indexed), and ISBN 0-87779-510-X (deluxe).
- The History Files Ancient Mesopotamia