Kaisar Wenxuan dari Qi (Utara) ((北)齊文宣帝) (526–559), nama pribadi Gao Yang (高洋), nama kehormatan Zijin (子進), adalah kaisar pertama dari Qi Utara. Ia adalah putra kedua dari jenderal paramount Wei Timur Gao Huan, dan kematian saudaranya dan pengganti yang dirancang Gao Huan Gao Cheng pada 549 menjadikannya bupati Wei Timur. Pada 550, ia memaksa Kaisar Xiaojing dari Wei Utara untuk menyerahkan tahta kepadanya, mengakhiri Wei Timur dan memulai Qi Utara.
| Kaisar Wenxuan dari Qi Utara | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Berkuasa | 9 Juni 550 – 25 November 559 | |||||||
| Kelahiran | 526 | |||||||
| Kematian | 25 November 559 | |||||||
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Kehidupan awal sunting
Gao Yang lahir pada 526, saat ayahnya Gao Huan menjadi seorang jenderal Tionghoa Han dibawah pimpinan jenderal paramount Wei Utara Erzhu Rong. Ibunya Lou Zhaojun adalah istri Gao Huan. Lou Zhaojun beretnis Xianbei. Ia adalah putra ketiga mereka, setelah kakaknya Gao Cheng. Setelah kematian Erzhu Rong pada 530, Gao Huan menggulingkan keluarga Erzhu dan menjadi jenderal paramount Wei Utara, dan setelah Wei Utara terbagi menjadi Wei Timur dan Wei Barat pada 534 menjadi kekuatan aktual yang mengendalikan Wei Timur. Pada 535, ia menjadi Adipati Taiyuan.
Catatan dan referensi sunting
- ^ Academia Sinica Chinese-Western Calendar Converter.
- Zizhi Tongjian, vol. 163.
- ^ Buku Qi Utara, vol. 4.
- Although both Book of Northern Qi and History of Northern Dynasties said Emperor Wenxuan died at 30, History of Northern Dynasties also said that Emperor Wenxuan was born at a Year of the Horse, intending his birth year was 526 rather than 529 which was a Year of the Rooster; Book of Northern Qi also mentioned that when Gao Yang was in infancy, Gao Huan was so poor that he and his relatives would suffer cold and hunger, but around 529 Gao Huan had already been the prefect of Jin thus could not still stay poor. So the birth year of Gao Yang should be 526, not 529.
- Zizhi Tongjian, vol. 168.
- Lily Xiao Hong Lee, A. D. Stefanowska, Sue Wiles (2007). Lily Xiao Hong Lee, A. D. Stefanowska, Sue Wiles, ed. Biographical dictionary of Chinese women: antiquity through Sui, 1600 B.C.E.-618 C.E. Volume 3 of Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women, Lily Xiao Hong Lee Volume 21 of Publications, University Libraries (Hong Kong. M.E. Sharpe. hlm. 314. ISBN 0-7656-1750-1. Diakses tanggal 2012 February ninth.
Lou Zhaojun, 501-562, was the principal wife of Gao Huan, 496-547; their son Emperor Wenxuan (Gao Yang, 526-559; r. 550-559) was the founding emperor of Northern Qi. While neither was appointed emperor or empress during their lifetime, as the de facto founder of the Northern Qi dynasty Gao Huan was posthumously titled Emperor Shenwu of Northern Qi and Lou Zhaojun was posthumously title Empress Ming of Northern Qi.. . . Lou Zhaojun was from a wealthy Xianbei family that had served as officials under the Former Yan dynasty (located in the area of present-day Chaoyang in Liaoning Province). Her clan had Sinicized its name to Lou toward the end of the fifth century. Gao Huan, on the other hand, was from a Han-Chinese family from Bohai (present-day Hebei Province); they had lived for several generations in the area that is now Inner Mongolia and had consequently adopted a largely Xianbei way of life. Despite Gao Huan's lack of means and low social status, Lou Zhaojun is said to have set her heart on him almost from the moment she saw him. She dispatched a maid to tell him of her interest and to give him some money; then she married him, against the wishes of her parents.
- Buku Qi Utara, vol. 4.
- Sejarah Dinasti-Dinasti Utara, vol. 7.
- Zizhi Tongjian, vol. 157, 158, 159, 160, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167.
| Keluarga Aisin Gioro | ||
|---|---|---|
| Dinasti baru | Kaisar Qi Utara 550–559 | Diteruskan oleh: Kaisar Fei dari Qi Utara |
| Didahului oleh: Kaisar Xiaojing dari Wei Timur | Kaisar Tiongkok (Utara/Tengah) 550–559 |