Es laut

Es laut adalah air laut yang membeku. Es laut menyelimuti sekitar 7% permukaan Bumi dan sekitar 12% samudra di dunia.

Es laut di lepas pesisir Alaska

Referensi

1. NOAA Sea Ice essay
2. Weeks, Willy F. (2010). On Sea Ice. University of Alaska Press. hlm. 2. ISBN 978-1-60223-101-6. 

• Rothrock, D.A.; Zhang, J. (2005). "Arctic Ocean Sea Ice Volume: What Explains Its Recent Depletion?". J. Geophys. Res. 110 (C1): C01002. Bibcode:2005JGRC..11001002R. doi:10.1029/2004JC002282. 
• "How Does Arctic Sea Ice Form and Decay?". NOAA Arctic theme page. Diakses tanggal 25 April 2005. 
• "All About Sea Ice". National Snow and Ice Data Center, University of Colorado, Boulder. 
• Vinnikov, K.Y.; Cavalieri, D.J.; Parkinson, C.L. (March 2006). "A model assessment of satellite observed trends in polar sea ice extents". Geophys. Res. Lett. 33 (5): L05704. Bibcode:2006GeoRL..33.5704V. doi:10.1029/2005GL025282. 

Glosarium es laut

• "Cryosphere Glossary". National Snow and Ice Data Center, University of Colorado, Boulder. 
• "Ice Glossary". Environment Canada. 
• "WMO Sea-Ice Nomenclature". World Meteorological Organization. WMO/OMM/ВМО — No.259 • Edition 1970–2004. 

Pranala luar

Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Sea ice.

• Cryosphere today: Current sea ice conditions from the University of Illinois 2011-02-23 di Wayback Machine.
• Daily Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 sea ice maps from the University of Bremen 2016-09-20 di Wayback Machine.
• "National Snow and Ice Data Center". University of Colorado, Boulder. 
  • Sea Ice Index
  • Global Sea Ice Extent and Concentration: What sensors on satellites are telling us about sea ice 2012-12-26 di Wayback Machine.