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Edward Gibbon Halaman ini berisi artikel tentang sejarawan Untuk s lain lihat Gibbon disambiguasi FRS ˈ ɡ ɪ b ən 8 Mei 1

Edward Gibbon

Halaman ini berisi artikel tentang sejarawan. Untuk Edward Gibbons lain, lihat Gibbon (disambiguasi).

Edward Gibbon FRS (/ˈɡɪbən/; 8 Mei 1737 – 16 Januari 1794) adalah seorang sejarawan, penulis dan Anggota Parlemen Inggris. Karya paling berpengaruhnya, Sejarah Kemunduran dan Keruntuhan Kekaisaran Romawi, yang diterbitkan dalam enam volume antara 1776 dan 1788 dan dikenal karena kualitas dan ironi prosanya, penggunaan sumber-sumber primer, dan kritik terbukanya terhadap agama terorganisir.

Edward Gibbon
Potret minyak di atas kanvas Edward Gibbon karya Sir Joshua Reynolds (1723–1792)
Anggota Parlemen untuk Lymington
Masa jabatan
1781–1784
PendahuluSamuel Salt
Edward Eliot
PenggantiSamuel Salt
Wilbraham Tollemache
Anggota Parlemen untuk Liskeard
Masa jabatan
1774–1780
PendahuluHarry Burrard
Thomas Dummer
PenggantiHarry Burrard
William Manning
Informasi pribadi
Lahir27 April 1737
Putney, Surrey, Inggris
Meninggal16 Januari 1794(1794-01-16) (umur 56)
London, Inggris
KebangsaanInggris
Partai politikWhig
Alma materMagdalen College, Oxford

Kehidupan awal: 1737–1752 Sunting

Edward Gibbon lahir pada 1737, sebagai putra dari Edward dan Judith Gibbon di Lime Grove, kota Putney, Surrey. Ia memiliki enam saudara: lima saudara dan satu saudari, yang semunya meninggal saat bayi. Kakeknya, yang juga bernama Edward, kehilangan seluruh asetnya sebagai hasil dari runtuhnya pasar saham South Sea Bubble pada 1720, namun kemudian kembali meraih kekayaan, sehingga ayah Gibbon mewarisi sebuah estate substansial.

Catatan Sunting

Sebagian besar artikel ini, termasuk kutipan, diadaptasi dari entri Stephen tentang Edward Gibbon dalam Kamus Biografi Nasional.

Referensi Sunting

  1. O.S. 27 April
  2. Hari kelahiran Gibbon adalah 27 April 1737 dari kalender Julian; Inggris mengadopsi kalender Gregorian pada 1752, dan setelah itu, hari kelahiran Gibbon dirayakan pada 8 Mei 1737
  3. The most recent and also the first critical edition, in three volumes, is that of David Womersley. For commentary on Gibbon's irony and insistence on primary sources whenever available, see Womersley, "Introduction". While the larger part of Gibbon's caustic view of Christianity is declared within the text of chapters XV and XVI, Gibbon rarely neglects to note its baleful influence throughout the remaining volumes of the Decline and Fall.
  4. D. M. Low, Edward Gibbon. 1737–1794 (London: Chatto & Windus, 1937), p. 7.
  5. Teks asli:  "Gibbon, Edward". Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900. 
  • Beer, G. R. de. "The Malady of Edward Gibbon, F.R.S." Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London 7:1 (December 1949), 71–80.
  • Craddock, Patricia B. Edward Gibbon, Luminous Historian 1772–1794. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1989. HB: ISBN 0-8018-3720-0. Biography.
  • Dickinson, H.T . "The Politics of Edward Gibbon". Literature and History 8:4 (1978), 175–196.
  • Goodall, John (2008), Portchester Castle, London: English Heritage, ISBN 978-1-84802-007-8 
  • Low, D. M., Edward Gibbon. 1737–1794 (London: Chatto & Windus, 1937).
  • Murray, John (ed.), The Autobiographies of Edward Gibbon. Second Edition (London: John Murray, 1897).
  • Norton, J. E. A Bibliography of the Works of Edward Gibbon. New York: Burt Franklin Co., 1940, repr. 1970.
  • Norton, J .E. The Letters of Edward Gibbon. 3 vols. London: Cassell & Co. Ltd., 1956.
  • Pocock, J. G. A. The Enlightenments of Edward Gibbon, 1737–1764. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999. HB: ISBN 0-521-63345-1.
  • Pocock, J. G. A. "Classical and Civil History: The Transformation of Humanism". Cromohs 1 (1996). Online at the Università degli Studi di Firenze 2002-02-15 di Wayback Machine.. Retrieved 20 November 2009.
  • Pocock, J. G. A. "The Ironist". Review of David Womersley's The Watchmen of the Holy City. London Review of Books 24:22 (14 November 2002). Online at the London Review of Books (subscribers only). Retrieved 20 November 2009.
  • Gibbon, Edward. Memoirs of My Life and Writings. Online at Gutenberg. Retrieved 20 November 2009.
  • Stephen, Sir Leslie, "Gibbon, Edward (1737–1794)". In the Dictionary of National Biography, eds. Sir Leslie Stephen and Sir Sidney Lee. Oxford: 1921, repr. 1963. Vol. 7, 1129–1135.
  • Womersley, David, ed. The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. 3 vols. (London and New York: Penguin, 1994).
  • Womersley, David. "Introduction," in Womersley, Decline and Fall, vol. 1, xi–cvi.
  • Womersley, David. "Gibbon, Edward (1737–1794)". In the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, eds. H.C.G. Matthew and Brian Harrison. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004. Vol. 22, 8–18.

Bacaan tambahan Sunting

Sebelum 1985 Sunting

  • Beer, Gavin de. Gibbon and His World. London: Thames and Hudson, 1968. HB: ISBN 0-670-28981-7.
  • Bowersock, G. W., et al. eds. Edward Gibbon and the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1977.
  • Craddock, Patricia B. Young Edward Gibbon: Gentleman of Letters. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1982. HB: ISBN 0-8018-2714-0. Biography.
  • Jordan, David. Gibbon and his Roman Empire. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1971.
  • Keynes, Geoffrey, ed. The Library of Edward Gibbon. 2nd ed. Godalming, England: St. Paul's Bibliographies, 1940, repr. 1980.
  • Lewis, Bernard. "Gibbon on Muhammad". Daedalus 105:3 (Summer 1976), 89–101.
  • Low, D. M. Edward Gibbon 1737–1794. London: Chatto and Windus, 1937. Biography.
  • Momigliano, Arnaldo. "Gibbon's Contributions to Historical Method". Historia 2 (1954), 450–463. Reprinted in Momigliano, Studies in Historiography (New York: Harper & Row, 1966; Garland Pubs., 1985), 40–55. PB: ISBN 0-8240-6372-4.
  • Porter, Roger J. "Gibbon's Autobiography: Filling Up the Silent Vacancy". Eighteenth-Century Studies 8:1 (Autumn 1974), 1–26.
  • Stephen, Leslie, "Gibbon's Autobiography" in Studies of a Biographer, Vol. 1 (1898)
  • Swain, J. W. Edward Gibbon the Historian. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1966.
  • Turnbull, Paul. "The Supposed Infidelity of Edward Gibbon", Historical Journal 5 (1982), 23–41.
  • White, Jr. Lynn, ed. The Transformation of the Roman World: Gibbon's Problem after Two Centuries. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1966. HB: ISBN 0-520-01334-4.

Sejak 1985 Sunting

  • Berghahn, C.-F., and T. Kinzel, eds., Edward Gibbon im deutschen Sprachraum. Bausteine einer Rezeptionsgeschichte. Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, 2015.
  • Bowersock, G. W. Gibbon's Historical Imagination. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1988.
  • Burrow, J. W. Gibbon (Past Masters). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1985. HB: ISBN 0-19-287553-1. PB: ISBN 0-19-287552-3.
  • Carnochan, W. Bliss. Gibbon's Solitude: The Inward World of the Historian. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1987. HB: ISBN 0-8047-1363-4.
  • Craddock, Patricia B. Edward Gibbon: a Reference Guide. Boston: G.K. Hall, 1987. PB: ISBN 0-8161-8217-5. A comprehensive listing of secondary literature through 1985. See also her supplement covering the period through 1997.
  • Ghosh, Peter R. "Gibbon Observed". Journal of Roman Studies 81 (1991), 132–156.
  • Ghosh, Peter R. "Gibbon's First Thoughts: Rome, Christianity and the Essai sur l'Étude de la Litterature 1758–61". Journal of Roman Studies 85 (1995), 148–164.
  • Ghosh, Peter R. "The Conception of Gibbon's History", in McKitterick and Quinault, eds. Edward Gibbon and Empire, 271–316.
  • Ghosh, Peter R. "Gibbon's Timeless Verity: Nature and Neo-Classicism in the Late Enlightenment," in Womersley, Burrow, Pocock, eds. Edward Gibbon: bicentenary essays.
  • Ghosh, Peter R. "Gibbon, Edward 1737–1794 British historian of Rome and universal historian," in Kelly Boyd, ed. Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing (Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn, 1999), 461–463.
  • Levine, Joseph M., "Edward Gibbon and the Quarrel between the Ancients and the Moderns," in Levine, Humanism and History: origins of modern English historiography (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1987).
  • Levine, Joseph M. "Truth and Method in Gibbon's Historiography," in Levine, The Autonomy of History: truth and method from Erasmus to Gibbon (Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1999).
  • McKitterick, R., and R. Quinault, eds. Edward Gibbon and Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.
  • Norman, Brian. "The Influence of Switzerland on the Life and Writings of Edward Gibbon," in Studies on Voltaire and the Eighteenth Century [SVEC] v.2002:03. Oxford: Voltaire Foundation, 2002.
  • Pocock, J. G. A. Barbarism and Religion, 4 vols.: vol. 1, The Enlightenments of Edward Gibbon, 1737–1764, 1999 [hb: ISBN 0-521-63345-1]; vol. 2, Narratives of Civil Government, 1999 [hb: ISBN 0-521-64002-4]; vol. 3, The First Decline and Fall, 2003 [pb: ISBN 0-521-82445-1]; vol. 4, Barbarians, Savages and Empires, 2005 [pb: ISBN 0-521-72101-6]. all Cambridge Univ. Press.
  • Porter, Roy. Gibbon: Making History. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1989, HB: ISBN 0-312-02728-1.
  • Turnbull, Paul. "'Une marionnette infidele': the Fashioning of Edward Gibbon's Reputation as the English Voltaire," in Womersley, Burrow, Pocock, eds. Edward Gibbon: bicentenary essays.
  • Womersley, David P. The Transformation of The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988. HB: ISBN 0-521-35036-0.
  • Womersley, David P., John Burrow, and J.G.A. Pocock, eds. Edward Gibbon: bicentenary essays. Oxford: Voltaire Foundation, 1997. HB: ISBN 0-7294-0552-4.
  • Womersley, David P. Gibbon and the ‘Watchmen of the Holy City’: The Historian and His Reputation, 1776–1815. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002. PB: ISBN 0-19-818733-5.

Pranala luar Sunting

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Halaman ini berisi artikel tentang sejarawan Untuk Edward Gibbons lain lihat Gibbon disambiguasi Edward Gibbon FRS ˈ ɡ ɪ b en 8 Mei 1737 1 16 Januari 1794 2 adalah seorang sejarawan penulis dan Anggota Parlemen Inggris Karya paling berpengaruhnya Sejarah Kemunduran dan Keruntuhan Kekaisaran Romawi yang diterbitkan dalam enam volume antara 1776 dan 1788 dan dikenal karena kualitas dan ironi prosanya penggunaan sumber sumber primer dan kritik terbukanya terhadap agama terorganisir 3 Edward GibbonPotret minyak di atas kanvas Edward Gibbon karya Sir Joshua Reynolds 1723 1792 Anggota Parlemen untuk LymingtonMasa jabatan 1781 1784PendahuluSamuel SaltEdward EliotPenggantiSamuel SaltWilbraham TollemacheAnggota Parlemen untuk LiskeardMasa jabatan 1774 1780PendahuluHarry BurrardThomas DummerPenggantiHarry BurrardWilliam ManningInformasi pribadiLahir27 April 1737Putney Surrey InggrisMeninggal16 Januari 1794 1794 01 16 umur 56 London InggrisKebangsaanInggrisPartai politikWhigAlma materMagdalen College Oxford Daftar isi 1 Kehidupan awal 1737 1752 2 Catatan 3 Referensi 4 Bacaan tambahan 4 1 Sebelum 1985 4 2 Sejak 1985 5 Pranala luarKehidupan awal 1737 1752 SuntingEdward Gibbon lahir pada 1737 sebagai putra dari Edward dan Judith Gibbon di Lime Grove kota Putney Surrey Ia memiliki enam saudara lima saudara dan satu saudari yang semunya meninggal saat bayi Kakeknya yang juga bernama Edward kehilangan seluruh asetnya sebagai hasil dari runtuhnya pasar saham South Sea Bubble pada 1720 namun kemudian kembali meraih kekayaan sehingga ayah Gibbon mewarisi sebuah estate substansial 4 Catatan SuntingSebagian besar artikel ini termasuk kutipan diadaptasi dari entri Stephen tentang Edward Gibbon dalam Kamus Biografi Nasional 5 Referensi Sunting O S 27 April Hari kelahiran Gibbon adalah 27 April 1737 dari kalender Julian Inggris mengadopsi kalender Gregorian pada 1752 dan setelah itu hari kelahiran Gibbon dirayakan pada 8 Mei 1737 The most recent and also the first critical edition in three volumes is that of David Womersley For commentary on Gibbon s irony and insistence on primary sources whenever available see Womersley Introduction While the larger part of Gibbon s caustic view of Christianity is declared within the text of chapters XV and XVI Gibbon rarely neglects to note its baleful influence throughout the remaining volumes of the Decline and Fall D M Low Edward Gibbon 1737 1794 London Chatto amp Windus 1937 p 7 Teks asli nbsp Gibbon Edward Dictionary of National Biography London Smith Elder amp Co 1885 1900 Beer G R de The Malady of Edward Gibbon F R S Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London 7 1 December 1949 71 80 Craddock Patricia B Edward Gibbon Luminous Historian 1772 1794 Baltimore Johns Hopkins University Press 1989 HB ISBN 0 8018 3720 0 Biography Dickinson H T The Politics of Edward Gibbon Literature and History 8 4 1978 175 196 Goodall John 2008 Portchester Castle London English Heritage ISBN 978 1 84802 007 8 Low D M Edward Gibbon 1737 1794 London Chatto amp Windus 1937 Murray John ed The Autobiographies of Edward Gibbon Second Edition London John Murray 1897 Norton J E A Bibliography of the Works of Edward Gibbon New York Burt Franklin Co 1940 repr 1970 Norton J E The Letters of Edward Gibbon 3 vols London Cassell amp Co Ltd 1956 Pocock J G A The Enlightenments of Edward Gibbon 1737 1764 Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1999 HB ISBN 0 521 63345 1 Pocock J G A Classical and Civil History The Transformation of Humanism Cromohs 1 1996 Online at the Universita degli Studi di Firenze Diarsipkan 2002 02 15 di Wayback Machine Retrieved 20 November 2009 Pocock J G A The Ironist Review of David Womersley s The Watchmen of the Holy City London Review of Books 24 22 14 November 2002 Online at the London Review of Books subscribers only Retrieved 20 November 2009 Gibbon Edward Memoirs of My Life and Writings Online at Gutenberg Retrieved 20 November 2009 Stephen Sir Leslie Gibbon Edward 1737 1794 In the Dictionary of National Biography eds Sir Leslie Stephen and Sir Sidney Lee Oxford 1921 repr 1963 Vol 7 1129 1135 Womersley David ed The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire 3 vols London and New York Penguin 1994 Womersley David Introduction in Womersley Decline and Fall vol 1 xi cvi Womersley David Gibbon Edward 1737 1794 In the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography eds H C G Matthew and Brian Harrison Oxford Oxford University Press 2004 Vol 22 8 18 Bacaan tambahan SuntingSebelum 1985 Sunting Beer Gavin de Gibbon and His World London Thames and Hudson 1968 HB ISBN 0 670 28981 7 Bowersock G W et al eds Edward Gibbon and the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire Cambridge MA Harvard University Press 1977 Craddock Patricia B Young Edward Gibbon Gentleman of Letters Baltimore MD Johns Hopkins University Press 1982 HB ISBN 0 8018 2714 0 Biography Jordan David Gibbon and his Roman Empire Urbana IL University of Illinois Press 1971 Keynes Geoffrey ed The Library of Edward Gibbon 2nd ed Godalming England St Paul s Bibliographies 1940 repr 1980 Lewis Bernard Gibbon on Muhammad Daedalus 105 3 Summer 1976 89 101 Low D M Edward Gibbon 1737 1794 London Chatto and Windus 1937 Biography Momigliano Arnaldo Gibbon s Contributions to Historical Method Historia 2 1954 450 463 Reprinted in Momigliano Studies in Historiography New York Harper amp Row 1966 Garland Pubs 1985 40 55 PB ISBN 0 8240 6372 4 Porter Roger J Gibbon s Autobiography Filling Up the Silent Vacancy Eighteenth Century Studies 8 1 Autumn 1974 1 26 Stephen Leslie Gibbon s Autobiography in Studies of a Biographer Vol 1 1898 Swain J W Edward Gibbon the Historian New York St Martin s Press 1966 Turnbull Paul The Supposed Infidelity of Edward Gibbon Historical Journal 5 1982 23 41 White Jr Lynn ed The Transformation of the Roman World Gibbon s Problem after Two Centuries Berkeley University of California Press 1966 HB ISBN 0 520 01334 4 Sejak 1985 Sunting Berghahn C F and T Kinzel eds Edward Gibbon im deutschen Sprachraum Bausteine einer Rezeptionsgeschichte Heidelberg Universitatsverlag Winter 2015 Bowersock G W Gibbon s Historical Imagination Stanford Stanford University Press 1988 Burrow J W Gibbon Past Masters Oxford Oxford University Press 1985 HB ISBN 0 19 287553 1 PB ISBN 0 19 287552 3 Carnochan W Bliss Gibbon s Solitude The Inward World of the Historian Stanford Stanford University Press 1987 HB ISBN 0 8047 1363 4 Craddock Patricia B Edward Gibbon a Reference Guide Boston G K Hall 1987 PB ISBN 0 8161 8217 5 A comprehensive listing of secondary literature through 1985 See also her supplement covering the period through 1997 Ghosh Peter R Gibbon Observed Journal of Roman Studies 81 1991 132 156 Ghosh Peter R Gibbon s First Thoughts Rome Christianity and the Essai sur l Etude de la Litterature 1758 61 Journal of Roman Studies 85 1995 148 164 Ghosh Peter R The Conception of Gibbon s History in McKitterick and Quinault eds Edward Gibbon and Empire 271 316 Ghosh Peter R Gibbon s Timeless Verity Nature and Neo Classicism in the Late Enlightenment in Womersley Burrow Pocock eds Edward Gibbon bicentenary essays Ghosh Peter R Gibbon Edward 1737 1794 British historian of Rome and universal historian in Kelly Boyd ed Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing Chicago Fitzroy Dearborn 1999 461 463 Levine Joseph M Edward Gibbon and the Quarrel between the Ancients and the Moderns in Levine Humanism and History origins of modern English historiography Ithaca NY Cornell University Press 1987 Levine Joseph M Truth and Method in Gibbon s Historiography in Levine The Autonomy of History truth and method from Erasmus to Gibbon Chicago Chicago University Press 1999 McKitterick R and R Quinault eds Edward Gibbon and Empire Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1997 Norman Brian The Influence of Switzerland on the Life and Writings of Edward Gibbon in Studies on Voltaire and the Eighteenth Century SVEC v 2002 03 Oxford Voltaire Foundation 2002 Pocock J G A Barbarism and Religion 4 vols vol 1 The Enlightenments of Edward Gibbon 1737 1764 1999 hb ISBN 0 521 63345 1 vol 2 Narratives of Civil Government 1999 hb ISBN 0 521 64002 4 vol 3 The First Decline and Fall 2003 pb ISBN 0 521 82445 1 vol 4 Barbarians Savages and Empires 2005 pb ISBN 0 521 72101 6 all Cambridge Univ Press Porter Roy Gibbon Making History New York St Martin s Press 1989 HB ISBN 0 312 02728 1 Turnbull Paul Une marionnette infidele the Fashioning of Edward Gibbon s Reputation as the English Voltaire in Womersley Burrow Pocock eds Edward Gibbon bicentenary essays Womersley David P The Transformation of The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1988 HB ISBN 0 521 35036 0 Womersley David P John Burrow and J G A Pocock eds Edward Gibbon bicentenary essays Oxford Voltaire Foundation 1997 HB ISBN 0 7294 0552 4 Womersley David P Gibbon and the Watchmen of the Holy City The Historian and His Reputation 1776 1815 Oxford Oxford University Press 2002 PB ISBN 0 19 818733 5 Pranala luar Sunting nbsp Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Edward Gibbon nbsp Wikiquote memiliki koleksi kutipan yang berkaitan dengan Edward Gibbon nbsp Wikisumber memiliki karya asli dari atau mengenai Edward Gibbon Complete History of the Decline and Fall including Gibbon s Vindication courtesy Christian Classics Ethereal Library of Calvin College Grands Rapids Michigan USA Extensive Biography in 1911 Encyclopedia Edward Gibbon Historian of the Roman Empire Part 1 The Man and his Book Edward Gibbon Historian of the Roman Empire Part 2 A closer look at The Decline and Fall Dead link Karya Edward Gibbon di Project Gutenberg Gibbon by James Cotter Morison di Proyek Gutenberg Karya oleh tentang Edward Gibbon di Internet Archive pencarian dioptimalkan untuk situs non Beta Karya Edward Gibbon di LibriVox buku suara domain umum nbsp The Life and Death of Edward Gibbon Ward s Book of Days DeclineandFallResources com Original Maps and Footnote Translations Biographer Patricia Craddock s comprehensive bibliography through May 1999 Diarsipkan 2012 07 16 di Wayback Machine Craddock s supplement to her Reference Guide Diperoleh dari https id wikipedia org w index php title Edward Gibbon amp oldid 19057020