Culhuacan (Nahuatl Klasik: Cōlhuàcān [koːlˈwaʔkaːn]) adalah salah satu negara-kota berbahasa Nahuatl yang terletak di Lembah Meksiko pada zaman pra-Kolumbus. Menurut tradisi, Colhuacan didirikan oleh orang-orang Toltek di bawah kepemimpinan Mixcoatl dan merupakan kota Toltek yang pertama. Para penutur bahasa Nahuatl sepakat bahwa Colhuacan adalah kota pertama yang menyebut penguasa mereka dengan gelar "pembicara" (tlatoani).
Sejarah sunting
Colhuacan mungkin merupakan kota chinampa pertama yang didirikan di pesisir Danau Xochimilco, dan chinampanya dapat ditilik kembali ke tahun 1100 M.
Tlahtohqueh Cōlhuahcān (penguasa Colhuacan) sunting
- Huehue Topiltzin Nauhyotzin 717-763
- Nonohualcatl I 763-845
- Yohuallatonac 845-904
- Quetzalacxoyatzin 904-953
- Chalchiuhtlatonac 953-985
- Totepeuh 985-1026
- Nauhyotzin II 1026-1072
- Cuauhtexpetlatzin 1072-1129
- Nonohualcatl II 1130-1150
- Achitomecatl 1151-1171
- Cuauhtlatonac 1172-1185
(Dinasti Chichimeca)
- Mallatzin 1186-1200
- Cuauhtlahtolloc (caudillaje) 1200-1235
- Chalchiuhtlatonac II 1235-1245
- Cuauhtlix 1245-1252
- Yohuallatonac Telpochtli 1252-1259
- Tziuhtecatl 1260-1269
- Xihuitltemoc 1269-1281
- Coxcoxtli 1281-1307
- Cuauhtlahtolloc (caudillaje) 1307-1323
- Huehue Acamapichtli 1323-1336
- Achitomecatl Teomecatl II 1336-1347
- Nauhyotl Teuctli Tlamacazqui (Nauhyotzin III) 1347-1413
- Xilomantzin 1413-1473
- Tlatolcatzin 1473-1482
- Tezozomoctli 1482-1521
Catatan kaki sunting
- Pohl 1991
- Richard Blanton, "Prehispanic Settlement Patterns of the Ixtapalapa Peninsula Region, Mexico." PhD dissertation, University of Michigan, 1970.
- Richard Blanton, "Prehispanic Adaptation in the Ixtapalapa Region, Mexico" Science 1972; 175(4028):1317-26
Daftar pustaka sunting
- Brenner, Anita. The Influence of Technique on the Decorative Style in the Domestic Pottery of Culhuacan, Mexico. Publicación de la Escuela Internacional de Arqueología y Etnología Americana 1931.
- Cline, S.L. "Land Tenure and Land Inheritance in late Sixteenth-Century Culhuacan," in Explorations in Ethnohistory, H.R. Harvey and Hanns J. Prem, eds. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press 1984.
- Cline, S.L. "A Legal Process at the Local Level: Estate Division in Sixteenth-Century Mexico," in Five Centuries of Law and Politics in Central Mexico, Ronald Spores and Ross Hassig, editors. Nashville: Vanderbilt University Publications in Anthropology 1984, 30:39-53.
- Cline, S.L. Colonial Culhuacan, 1580-1600: A Social History of an Aztec Town. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press 1986.
- Cline, S.L. and Miguel Léon-Portilla. The Testaments of Culhuacan. UCLA Latin American Center Publications. Nahuatl Studies Series, no. 1. 1984.
- Gallegos, Gonzalo. "Relación Geográfica de Culhuacan," Revista Mexicana de Estudios Históricos 1(6)1927: 171-73.
- Gorbea Trueba, José. "Primer libro de bautismos del ex-convento de Culhuacán, D.F." Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Boletín 6:3. n.d.
- Léon-Portilla, Miguel. "El libro de testamentos indígenas de Culhuacán," Estudios de Cultura Náhuatl, 1976, 12:11-31.
- Prem, Hanns J. "Los reyes de Tollan y Colhuacan" Estudios de cultura náhuatl volume 30, (1999) pp.23–70
- Séjourné, Laurette. Culhuacan. Mexico: Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, 1970.