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Bulu terbang Pennae volatus 1 adalah bulu pennaceous yang terpasang secara simetris namun berbentuk asimetris yang berbe

Bulu terbang

Bulu terbang (Pennae volatus) adalah bulu pennaceous yang terpasang secara simetris namun berbentuk asimetris yang berbentuk panjang di bagian sayap atau ekor burung. Fungsi utama bulu terbang adalah untuk membantu gaya dorong dan gaya angkat, sehingga burung dapat terbang.

Burung layang merah (Milvus milvus) sedang terbang

Catatan sunting

  1. Julian J. Baumel. Handbook of Avian Anatomy: Nomina Anatomica Avium. 1993

Referensi sunting

  • Campbell, Bruce; Lack, Elizabeth, ed. (1985), A Dictionary of Birds, Carlton, England: T and A D Poyser, ISBN 0-85661-039-9 
  • del Hoyo, Josep; Elliott, Andrew; Sargatal, Jordi, ed. (1992), Handbook of the Birds of the World, Volume 1: Ostrich to Ducks, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, ISBN 84-87334-10-5 
  • del Hoyo, Josep; Elliott, Andrew; Sargatal, Jordi, ed. (1997), Handbook of the Birds of the World, Volume 4: Sandgrouse to Cuckoos, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, ISBN 84-87334-22-9 
  • del Hoyo, Josep; Elliott, Andrew; Christie, David, ed. (2004), Handbook of the Birds of the World, Volume 9: Cotingas to Pipits and Wagtails, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, ISBN 84-87334-69-5 
  • Ehrlich, Paul R.; Dobkin, Darryl A.; Wheye, Darryl; Pimm, Stuart L. (1994), The Birdwatcher's Handbook, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-858407-5 
  • Ferguson-Lees, James; Christie, David A. (2001), Raptors of the World, London: Christopher Helm, ISBN 0-7136-8026-1 
  • Forsman, Dick (1999), The Raptors of Europe and the Middle East, London: T and A D Poyser, ISBN 0-85661-098-4 
  • Grubb, T. C. (1989), "Ptilochronology: feather growth bars as indicators of nutritional status", Auk, 106: 314–320, JSTOR 4087726 
  • Jenni, Lukas; Winkler, Raffael (1994), Moult and Ageing of European Passerines, London: Academic Press, ISBN 0-12-384150-X 
  • Paulson, Dennis (2005), Shorebirds of North America, London: Christopher Helm, ISBN 0-7136-7377-X 
  • Shawkey, Matthew D.; Beck, Michelle L.; Hill, Geoffrey E. (2003), "Use of a gel documentation system to measure feather growth bars", J. Field Ornithol., 74 (2): 125–128, doi:10.1648/0273-8570-74.2.125 
  • Sibley, David; et al. (2001), The Sibley Guide to Bird Life & Behaviour, London: Christopher Helm, ISBN 0-7136-6250-6 
  • Trail, Pepper (2001), (PDF), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2017-09-30, diakses tanggal 4 August 2017 

Pranala luar sunting

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Tanggal penerbitan:
Bulu terbang Pennae volatus 1 adalah bulu pennaceous yang terpasang secara simetris namun berbentuk asimetris yang berbentuk panjang di bagian sayap atau ekor burung Fungsi utama bulu terbang adalah untuk membantu gaya dorong dan gaya angkat sehingga burung dapat terbang Burung layang merah Milvus milvus sedang terbangCatatan sunting Julian J Baumel Handbook of Avian Anatomy Nomina Anatomica Avium 1993Referensi suntingCampbell Bruce Lack Elizabeth ed 1985 A Dictionary of Birds Carlton England T and A D Poyser ISBN 0 85661 039 9 del Hoyo Josep Elliott Andrew Sargatal Jordi ed 1992 Handbook of the Birds of the World Volume 1 Ostrich to Ducks Barcelona Lynx Edicions ISBN 84 87334 10 5 del Hoyo Josep Elliott Andrew Sargatal Jordi ed 1997 Handbook of the Birds of the World Volume 4 Sandgrouse to Cuckoos Barcelona Lynx Edicions ISBN 84 87334 22 9 del Hoyo Josep Elliott Andrew Christie David ed 2004 Handbook of the Birds of the World Volume 9 Cotingas to Pipits and Wagtails Barcelona Lynx Edicions ISBN 84 87334 69 5 Ehrlich Paul R Dobkin Darryl A Wheye Darryl Pimm Stuart L 1994 The Birdwatcher s Handbook Oxford University Press ISBN 0 19 858407 5 Ferguson Lees James Christie David A 2001 Raptors of the World London Christopher Helm ISBN 0 7136 8026 1 Forsman Dick 1999 The Raptors of Europe and the Middle East London T and A D Poyser ISBN 0 85661 098 4 Grubb T C 1989 Ptilochronology feather growth bars as indicators of nutritional status Auk 106 314 320 JSTOR 4087726 Jenni Lukas Winkler Raffael 1994 Moult and Ageing of European Passerines London Academic Press ISBN 0 12 384150 X Paulson Dennis 2005 Shorebirds of North America London Christopher Helm ISBN 0 7136 7377 X Shawkey Matthew D Beck Michelle L Hill Geoffrey E 2003 Use of a gel documentation system to measure feather growth bars J Field Ornithol 74 2 125 128 doi 10 1648 0273 8570 74 2 125 Sibley David et al 2001 The Sibley Guide to Bird Life amp Behaviour London Christopher Helm ISBN 0 7136 6250 6 Trail Pepper 2001 Wing Feathers PDF U S Fish and Wildlife Service diarsipkan dari versi asli PDF tanggal 2017 09 30 diakses tanggal 4 August 2017 Pranala luar suntingWing Feathers US Fish and Wildlife Service document Diarsipkan 2017 09 30 di Wayback Machine Contains excellent photographic examples of emargination and notching in raptor remiges Video of feeding Magellanic woodpecker Campephilus magellanicus Shows use of rectrices for bracing Video of singing male superb lyrebird Menuta novaehollandiae Shows long modified rectrices which are used in display though the video doesn t show full display Video of male club winged manakin Machaeropterus deliciosus Shows use of secondary remiges to produce sound Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology s American woodcock Scolopax minor recordings 94216 has a good example of the sounds made by remiges during courtship display flight starting at about 2 32 Sound made by rectrices in courtship flight of common snipe Gallinago gallinago Diarsipkan 2018 10 05 di Wayback Machine nbsp Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Flight feathers Diperoleh dari https id wikipedia org w index php title Bulu terbang amp oldid 24791475