Bros Keltik

Bros Keltik, yang lebih sering disebut bros penannular, dan jenisnya yang sangat terkait, bros pseudo-penannular, adalah jenis bros dipakai untuk mengikat, sering kali berukuran besar. Mereka secara khusus diasosiasikan dengan permulaan periode Abad Pertengahan Awal di Kepulauan Britania, meskipun mereka ditemukan di tempat dan waktu lain, contohnya bagian dari busana perempuan tradisional di wilayah Afrika Utara modern.

Bros periodree Viking berbahan perak dari Penrith Hoard

Catatan

Referensi

• Dickinson, Tania M., Fowler's Type G penannular brooches reconsidered, 1982, Medieval Archaeology, PDF
• Edwards, Nancy. The Archaeology of Early Medieval Ireland, Routledge, 1996, ISBN 0-415-22000-9, ISBN 978-0-415-22000-2
• Gere, C. and Rudoe J., Jewellery in the Age of Queen Victoria: a Mirror to the World, 2010, British Museum Publications, ISBN 0-7141-2819-8
• Johns, Catherine, The Jewellery of Roman Britain: Celtic and Classical Traditions, Routledge, 1996, ISBN 1-85728-566-2, ISBN 978-1-85728-566-6, Google books
• Laing, Lloyd Robert. The archaeology of late Celtic Britain and Ireland, c. 400–1200 AD, Taylor & Francis, 1975, ISBN 0-416-82360-2, ISBN 978-0-416-82360-8, google books
• Youngs, Susan (ed), "The Work of Angels", Masterpieces of Celtic Metalwork, 6th–9th centuries AD, 1989, British Museum Press, London, ISBN 0-7141-0554-6
• "NMI": Wallace, Patrick F., O'Floinn, Raghnall eds. Treasures of the National Museum of Ireland: Irish Antiquities, 2002, Gill & Macmillan, Dublin, ISBN 0-7171-2829-6
• "Ship": Larsen, Anne Christine (ed), The Vikings in Ireland, 2001, The Viking Ship Museum, Roskilde, ISBN 87-85180-42-4, online text 2016-03-05 di Wayback Machine.
• Whitfield, Niamh (2001), The "Tara" Brooch, in Hourihane, Colum (ed), From Ireland coming: Irish art from the early Christian to the late Gothic period and its European context, Princeton University Press, 2001, ISBN 0-691-08825-X, 9780691088259
• Whitfield, Niamh (2005), "A brooch fragment from Dublin", in Bork, Robert Odell and Montgomery, Scott, De re metallica: the uses of metal in the Middle Ages, 2005, Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., ISBN 0-7546-5048-0, ISBN 978-0-7546-5048-5, google books

Bacaan tambahan

• Fowler, Elizabeth. The origins and developments of the penannular brooch in Europe, Proceedings of Prehistorical Society, XXVI, 1960, Cambridge, 149–177 (with the next paper initiated the Fowler typology).
• Fowler, Elizabeth. Celtic Metalwork of the fifth and sixth centuries A.D.: A Reappraisal, Archaeological Journal 120 (1963), 99160
• Graham-Campbell, J., Some Viking-Age penannular brooches from Scotland and the origins of the 'thistle-brooch' in From the stone age to the 'forty-five: studies presented to R. B. K. Stevenson, former Keeper, National Museum of Antiquities of Scotland (Edinburgh, 1983), pp. 310–23

Pranala luar

Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Penannular brooches.

• Irish Brooches of the Early Medieval Celtic Period, An exhibition by Alisa Petti 2016-04-23 di Wayback Machine.
• The Londesborough Brooch
• Hunterston Brooch National Museums of Scotland
• , National Museums of Scotland
• Victorian web, gallery of "Victorian Jewelry: Celtic Revival Work in Ireland"
• Treasures of early Irish art, 1500 B.C. to 1500 A.D., an exhibition catalogue from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Penannular brooches (cat. no. 40, 41, 42, 46-52)