Angkatan Darat Rahasia Armenia untuk Pembebasan Armenia ASALA bahasa Armenia Հայաստանի Ազատագրութեան Հայ Գաղտնի Բանակ ՀԱ

Angkatan Darat Rahasia Armenia untuk Pembebasan Armenia (ASALA) (bahasa Armenia: Հայաստանի Ազատագրութեան Հայ Գաղտնի Բանակ, ՀԱՀԳԲ, Hayasdani Azadakrut'ean Hay Kaghdni Panag, HAHKP) adalah sebuah organisasi militan Armenia, yang beroperasi dari 1975 sampai awal 1990an. Organisasi tersebut dicap organisasi teroris oleh beberapa sumber, dan sebagai sebuah organisasi gerilya dan bersenjata oleh sumber lainnya. ASALA dicap organisasi teroris oleh Amerika Serikat pada 1980an. Serangan dan pembunuhan ASALA mengakibatkan kematian 46 orang dan 299 luka-luka.

Angkatan Darat Rahasia Armenia untuk Pembebasan Armenia Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia (ASALA) Հայաստանի Ազատագրութեան Հայ Գաղտնի Բանակ (ՀԱՀԳԲ)
Lambang dan bendera ASALA
Pemimpin	Hagop Hagopian (1975–1988)
Waktu operasi	1975–1988 menurut MİT 1991
Wilayah operasi	Lebanon, Eropa Barat, Yunani, Amerika Serikat, Turki, Armenia Serikat
Serangan terkenal	Serangan konsulat Turki Paris (1981) Serangan Bandar Udara Esenboğa (1982) Serangan Bandar Udara Orly (1983)
Status	Tidak aktif / dibubarkan
Sekutu	PLO, PKK (pada 1980)

Referensi sunting

Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama MIPT
Hunsicker (2006). Understanding International Counter Terrorism. Universal-Publishers. hlm. 431. ISBN 1-58112-905-X.
Roy, Olivier. Turkey Today: A European Nation? p. 170. Roy suggests that the Orly incident led to "dissension end[ing] in the settling of scores in which ASALA militants killed each other in their camp at Bekaa (Al-Biqa, Lebanon)... (It) practically disappeared. It resurfaced once again, however, to assassinate important members of the Lebanese section of the Dashnak Party (March 1985 – May 1986)."
John E. Jessup. An encyclopedic dictionary of conflict and conflict resolution, 1945—1996. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1998. ISBN 0-313-28112-2, ISBN 978-0-313-28112-9, p. 39
Michel Wieviorka, David Gordon White. The making of terrorism. University of Chicago Press, 1993. ISBN 0-226-89650-1, ISBN 978-0-226-89650-2, p. 256
Bruce Hoffman. Inside terrorism. Columbia University Press, 2006. ISBN 0-231-12699-9, ISBN 978-0-231-12699-1, p. 71
Göçek, Fatma Müge (2011). The Transformation of Turkey: Redefining State and the Society from the Ottoman Empire to the Modern Era. I.B. Tauris. hlm. 151.
"Terrorist Organizations".
Political dissent: an international guide to dissident, extra-parliamentary, guerrilla, and illegal political movements, by Henry W. Degenhardt, Alan John Day, Gale Research Company, 1983, p. 489
Remembering with Vengeance, by Pico Iyer – Time, № 32, 8 August 1983
The Caucasus: an introduction, by Frederik Coene, 2009 – 238 pages, p. 221
The history of Turkey, by Douglas Arthur Howard – 2001 – 241 pages, p. 161
Untold Histories of the Middle East, by Amy Singer, Christoph Neumann, Selcuk Somel – 2010 – 240 pages, p. 27
United States Department of State. Patterns of Global Terrorism Report: 1989, p 57

Pranala luar sunting

Media terkait Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia di Wikimedia Commons

[MIPT-1] Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama MIPT

[hunsicker-2] Hunsicker (2006). Understanding International Counter Terrorism. Universal-Publishers. hlm. 431. ISBN 1-58112-905-X.

[3] Roy, Olivier. Turkey Today: A European Nation? p. 170. Roy suggests that the Orly incident led to "dissension end[ing] in the settling of scores in which ASALA militants killed each other in their camp at Bekaa (Al-Biqa, Lebanon)... (It) practically disappeared. It resurfaced once again, however, to assassinate important members of the Lebanese section of the Dashnak Party (March 1985 – May 1986)."

[4] John E. Jessup. An encyclopedic dictionary of conflict and conflict resolution, 1945—1996. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1998. ISBN 0-313-28112-2, ISBN 978-0-313-28112-9, p. 39

[5] Michel Wieviorka, David Gordon White. The making of terrorism. University of Chicago Press, 1993. ISBN 0-226-89650-1, ISBN 978-0-226-89650-2, p. 256

[6] Bruce Hoffman. Inside terrorism. Columbia University Press, 2006. ISBN 0-231-12699-9, ISBN 978-0-231-12699-1, p. 71

[7] Göçek, Fatma Müge (2011). The Transformation of Turkey: Redefining State and the Society from the Ottoman Empire to the Modern Era. I.B. Tauris. hlm. 151.

[8] "Terrorist Organizations".

[9] Political dissent: an international guide to dissident, extra-parliamentary, guerrilla, and illegal political movements, by Henry W. Degenhardt, Alan John Day, Gale Research Company, 1983, p. 489

[10] Remembering with Vengeance, by Pico Iyer – Time, № 32, 8 August 1983

[11] The Caucasus: an introduction, by Frederik Coene, 2009 – 238 pages, p. 221

[12] The history of Turkey, by Douglas Arthur Howard – 2001 – 241 pages, p. 161

[13] Untold Histories of the Middle East, by Amy Singer, Christoph Neumann, Selcuk Somel – 2010 – 240 pages, p. 27

[14] United States Department of State. Patterns of Global Terrorism Report: 1989, p 57