al-Bireh, al-Birah atau el-Bira (bahasa Arab: البيرة) adalah sebuah kota Palestina yang berdekatan dengan kota Ramallah di tengah Tepi Barat, yang berjarak 15 kilometer (9,3 mi) dari utara Yerusalem. Kota tersebut berada di ketinggian 860 meter (2.820 ft) di atas permukaan laut, dan melingkupi wilayah seluas 224 kilometer persegi (86 sq mi).
al-Bireh | |
|---|---|
muna | |
| Transkripsi Lainnya | |
| • Arab | البيرة |
| • Ejaan lain | al-Bira (tak resmi) |
Lambang Al-Bireh | |
| Kegubernuran | Ramallah & al-Bireh |
| Pemerintahan | |
| • Jenis | Kota |
| • Kepala Munisipalitas | Umar Hammayil |
| Luas | |
| • Yurisdiksi | 22,406 dunams (224 km2 or 86 sq mi) |
| Populasi (2006) | |
| • Yurisdiksi | 38.202 |
| Arti nama | "Dinding Istana" |
| Situs web | www.al-bireh.org |
Karena letaknya, al-Bireh menjadi jalan lintas ekonomi antara utara dan selatan, di sepanjang rute karavan antara Yerusalem dan Nablus. Menurut Biro Pusat Statistik Palestina, kota tersebut memiliki penduduk sejumlah sekitar 39,202 jiwa dalam sensus 2007.
Lihat pula Sunting
Referensi Sunting
- Palmer, 1881, p. 292
- . Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-02-19. Diakses tanggal 2015-12-14.
- 2007 PCBS Census. Biro Pusat Statistik Palestina. p. 114.
Daftar pustaka Sunting
Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Al-Bireh.
- Barron, J. B., ed. (1923). Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922 (PDF). Government of Palestine.
- Conder, C. R. (1876). "Samarian Topography". Quarterly statement - Palestine Exploration Fund. 8: 182–197.
- Conder, Claude Reignier; Kitchener, H. H. (1883). The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology. 3. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
- Finkelstein, Israel; Lederman, Zvi, ed. (1997). Highlands of many cultures. Tel Aviv: Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University Publications Section. ISBN 965-440-007-3.
- Guérin, Victor (1869). Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine (dalam bahasa French). 1: Judee, pt. 3. Paris: L'Imprimerie Nationale.
- Guérin, Victor (1874). Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine (dalam bahasa French). 2: Samarie, pt. 1. Paris: L'Imprimerie Nationale. (p. 205)
- Hadawi, Sami (1970). Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine. Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center.
- Hütteroth, Wolf-Dieter; Abdulfattah, Kamal (1977). Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century. Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft. ISBN 3-920405-41-2.
- Maundrell, Henry (1703). A Journey from Aleppo to Jerusalem: At Easter, A. D. 1697. Oxford: Printed at the Theatre.
- Mills, E., ed. (1932). Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas (PDF). Jerusalem: Government of Palestine.
- Palmer, E. H. (1881). The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer. Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
- Pringle, Denys (1993). The Churches of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: Volume I A-K (excluding Acre and Jerusalem). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0 521 39036 2.
- Pringle, Denys (1997). Secular buildings in the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: an archaeological Gazetter. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521 46010 7.
- Pringle, Denys (2009). The Churches of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem: Volume IV The cities of Acre and Tyre with Addenda and Corrigenda to Volumes I-III. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-85148-0.
- Robinson, Edward; Smith, Eli (1841). Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838. 2. Boston: Crocker & Brewster.
- Robinson, Edward; Smith, Eli (1856). Biblical Researches in Palestine and adjacent regions: A Journal of Travels in the years 1838 and 1852, 2nd edition. 3. London: John Murray. (p. 76)
- Robinson, Edward; Smith, Eli (1856). Later Biblical Researches in Palestine and adjacent regions: A Journal of Travels in the year 1852. London: John Murray. (pp. 429 + 340(?))
- Röhricht, Reinhold (1893). (RRH) Regesta regni Hierosolymitani (MXCVII-MCCXCI) (dalam bahasa Latin). Berlin: Libraria Academica Wageriana.
- de Roziére, ed. (1849). Cartulaire de l'église du Saint Sépulchre de Jérusalem: publié d'après les manuscrits du Vatican (dalam bahasa Latin and French). Paris: Imprimerie nationale.
- Sharon, Moshe (1999). Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Palaestinae, Vol. II, B-C. BRILL. ISBN 9004110836.
- Strange, le, Guy (1890). Palestine Under the Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from A.D. 650 to 1500. Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
- de Vogüé, Melchior (1860). Les églises de la Terre Sainte. (pp. 338-339)
- Wilson, Charles Williams, ed. (c. 1881). Picturesque Palestine, Sinai and Egypt. 1. New York: D. Appleton.
Pranala luar Sunting
- Welcome To The City of al-Bira
- Survey of Western Palestine, Map 17: IAA, Wikimedia commons
- Al-Bira City (Fact Sheet), ARIJ
- Al-Bira City City Profile, ARIJ
- Al-Bireh Municipality Website 2005-12-24 di Wayback Machine.
- The Al-Bireh demonstration project on agricultural reuse of wastewater in the West Bank