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Agama tradisional Afrika Kepercayaan dan praktik tradisional orang Afrika meliputi agama agama tradisional 1 2 Umumnya t

Agama tradisional Afrika

Kepercayaan dan praktik tradisional orang Afrika meliputi agama-agama tradisional. Umumnya, tradisi tersebut lisan ketimbang tertulis, yang meliputi kepercayaan dalam pencipta tertinggi, kepercayaan akan roh-roh, penyembahan leluhur, penggunaan sihir dan pengobatan tradisional. Peran kemanusiaan umumnya dipandang sebagai salah satu alam yang terharmonisasikan dengan supranatural.

Meskipun penganut agama tradisional di Afrika sulit diperkirakan, para praktisionernya diperkirakan berjumlah lebih dari 100.000.000 orang, atau sekitar 10% dari penduduk di benua tersebut. Agama-agama diaspora Afrika juga dipraktikan dalam diaspora di benua Amerika, seperti Candomble, Santería, dan Vodou.

Statistik Sunting

Seorang pria penyembuh Igbo abad ke-20 di Nigeria, Afrika Barat

Para praktisioner agama tradisional di Afrika Sub-Sahara tersebar pada 43 negara, dan diperkirakan berjumlah lebih dari 100 juta, meskipun agama di Afrika terbesar adalah Kristen dan Islam.

Referensi Sunting

  • Information presented here was gleaned from World Eras Encyclopaedia, Volume 10, edited by Pierre-Damien Mvuyekure (New York: Thomson-Gale, 2003), in particular pp. 275–314.
  • Baldick, J (1997) Black God: The Afroasiatic Roots of the Jewish, Christian, and Muslim Religions. New York: Syracuse University Press.
  • Doumbia, A. & Doumbia, N (2004) The Way of the Elders: West African Spirituality & Tradition. Saint Paul, MN: Llewellyn Publications.
  • Ehret, Christopher, (2002) The Civilizations of Africa: a History to 1800. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia.
  • Ehret, Christopher, An African Classical Age: Eastern and Southern Africa in World History, 1000 B.C. to A.D. 400, page 159, University of Virginia Press, ISBN 0-8139-2057-4
  • Karade, B (1994) The Handbook of Yoruba Religious Concepts. York Beach, MA: Samuel Weiser Inc.
  • P'Bitek, Okot. African Religions and Western Scholarship. Kampala: East African Literature Bureau, 1970.
  • Wiredu, Kwasi Toward Decolonizing African Philosophy And Religion in African Studies Quarterly, The Online Journal for African Studies, Volume 1, Issue 4, 1998 2000-08-31 di Wayback Machine.

Bacaan tambahan Sunting

  • Encyclopedia of African Religion, - Molefi Asante, Sage Publications, 1412936365
  • Julian Baldick (1997). Black God: the Afroasiatic roots of the Jewish, Christian, and Muslim religions. Syracuse University Press:ISBN 0-8156-0522-6
  • West African Traditional Religion Kofi Asare Opoku | Publisher: FEP International Private Limited (1978), ASIN: B0000EE0IT
  • John Mbiti African Religions and Philosophy (1969) African Writers Series, Heinemann ISBN 0-435-89591-5
  • Wade Abimbola, ed. and trans. Ifa Divination Poetry (New York: NOK, 1977).
  • Ulli Beier, ed. The Origins of Life and Death: African Creation Myths (London: Heinemann, 1966).
  • Herbert Cole, Mbari: Art and Life among the Owerri Igbo (Bloomington: Indiana University press, 1982).
  • J. B. Danquah, The Akan Doctrine of God: A Fragment of Gold Coast Ethics and Religion, second edition (London: Cass, 1968).
  • Marcel Griaule and Germaine Dietterlen, Le Mythe Cosmogonique (Paris: Institut d'Ethnologie, 1965).
  • Rems Nna Umeasigbu, The Way We Lived: Ibo Customs and Stories (London: Heinemann, 1969).
  • Sandra Barnes, Africa's Ogun: Old World and New (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1989).
  • Segun Gbadagesin, African Philosophy: Traditional Yoruba Philosophy and Contemporary African Realities (New York: Peter Lang, 1999).
  • Judith Gleason, Oya, in Praise of an African Goddess (Harper Collins, 1992).
  • Bolaji Idowu, God in Yoruba Belief (Plainview: Original Publications, rev. and enlarged ed., 1995)
  • Wole Soyinka, Myth, Literature and the African World (Cambridge University Press, 1976).
  • E. Geoffrey Parinder, African Traditional Religion, Third ed. (London: Sheldon Press, 1974). ISBN 0-85969-014-8 pbk.
  • E. Geoffrey Parinder, "Traditional Religion", in his Africa's Three Religions, Second ed. (London: Sheldon Press, 1976, ISBN 0-85969-096-2), p. [15-96].
  • S. Solagbade Popoola, Ikunle Abiyamo: It is on Bent Knees that I gave Birth (2007 Asefin Media Publication)
  • David Chidester, "Religions of South Africa" pp. 17–19
  • Alisa LaGamma (2000). Art and oracle: African art and rituals of divination. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. ISBN 978-0-87099-933-8. 

Catatan Sunting

  1. Dr J.O. Awolalu, Studies in Comparative Religion Vol. 10, No. 2. (Spring, 1976).
  2. "African religions". 
  3. ^ Juergensmeyer, Mark (2006). The Oxford Handbook Of Global Religions. ISBN 0-19-513798-1. 
  4. S. Mbiti, John (1991). Introduction to African religion. ISBN 0-435-94002-3. 
  5. An African Story BBC
  6. ^ Encyclopedia of African Religion (Sage, 2009) Molefi Asante
  7. What is religion? An African understanding
  8. ^ Britannica Book of the Year (2003), Encyclopædia Britannica (2003) ISBN 978-0-85229-956-2 p.306
    Menurut Encyclopædia Britannica, pada pertengahan 2002, terdapat 480.453.000 Kristen, 329.869.000 Muslim dan 98.734.000 orang yang mempraktikan agama-agama tradisional di Afrika Ian S. Markham, A World Religions Reader (1996) Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Publishers is cited by Morehouse University as giving the mid-1990s figure of 278,250,800 Muslims in Africa, but still as 40.8% of the total. These numbers are estimates, and remain a matter of conjecture (see Amadu Jacky Kaba). The spread of Christianity and Islam in Africa: a survey and analysis of the numbers and percentages of Christians, Muslims and those who practice indigenous religions. The Western Journal of Black Studies, Vol 29, Number 2, (June 2005), discusses the estimations of various almanacs and encyclopediae, placing Britannica's estimate as the most agreed on figure. Notes the figure presented at the World Christian Encyclopedia, summarized here 2016-03-05 di Wayback Machine., as being an outlier. On rates of growth, Islam and Pentecostal Christianity are highest, see: The List: The World's Fastest-Growing Religions 2007-05-21 di Wayback Machine., Foreign Policy, May 2007.
  9. Anthony Appiah, Kwame; Louis Gates, Henry (2010). Encyclopedia of Africa. ISBN 0-19-533770-0. 

Pranala luar Sunting

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Kepercayaan dan praktik tradisional orang Afrika meliputi agama agama tradisional 1 2 Umumnya tradisi tersebut lisan ketimbang tertulis 3 4 yang meliputi kepercayaan dalam pencipta tertinggi kepercayaan akan roh roh penyembahan leluhur penggunaan sihir dan pengobatan tradisional 5 6 Peran kemanusiaan umumnya dipandang sebagai salah satu alam yang terharmonisasikan dengan supranatural 6 7 Meskipun penganut agama tradisional di Afrika sulit diperkirakan para praktisionernya diperkirakan berjumlah lebih dari 100 000 000 orang atau sekitar 10 dari penduduk di benua tersebut 8 Agama agama diaspora Afrika juga dipraktikan dalam diaspora di benua Amerika seperti Candomble Santeria dan Vodou 3 9 Daftar isi 1 Statistik 2 Referensi 3 Bacaan tambahan 4 Catatan 5 Pranala luarStatistik Sunting nbsp Seorang pria penyembuh Igbo abad ke 20 di Nigeria Afrika BaratPara praktisioner agama tradisional di Afrika Sub Sahara tersebar pada 43 negara dan diperkirakan berjumlah lebih dari 100 juta 8 meskipun agama di Afrika terbesar adalah Kristen dan Islam Referensi SuntingInformation presented here was gleaned from World Eras Encyclopaedia Volume 10 edited by Pierre Damien Mvuyekure New York Thomson Gale 2003 in particular pp 275 314 Baldick J 1997 Black God The Afroasiatic Roots of the Jewish Christian and Muslim Religions New York Syracuse University Press Doumbia A amp Doumbia N 2004 The Way of the Elders West African Spirituality amp Tradition Saint Paul MN Llewellyn Publications Ehret Christopher 2002 The Civilizations of Africa a History to 1800 Charlottesville University Press of Virginia Ehret Christopher An African Classical Age Eastern and Southern Africa in World History 1000 B C to A D 400 page 159 University of Virginia Press ISBN 0 8139 2057 4 Karade B 1994 The Handbook of Yoruba Religious Concepts York Beach MA Samuel Weiser Inc P Bitek Okot African Religions and Western Scholarship Kampala East African Literature Bureau 1970 Princeton Online History of Africa Wiredu Kwasi Toward Decolonizing African Philosophy And Religion in African Studies Quarterly The Online Journal for African Studies Volume 1 Issue 4 1998 Diarsipkan 2000 08 31 di Wayback Machine Bacaan tambahan SuntingEncyclopedia of African Religion Molefi Asante Sage Publications 1412936365 Julian Baldick 1997 Black God the Afroasiatic roots of the Jewish Christian and Muslim religions Syracuse University Press ISBN 0 8156 0522 6 West African Traditional Religion Kofi Asare Opoku Publisher FEP International Private Limited 1978 ASIN B0000EE0IT John Mbiti African Religions and Philosophy 1969 African Writers Series Heinemann ISBN 0 435 89591 5 Wade Abimbola ed and trans Ifa Divination Poetry New York NOK 1977 Ulli Beier ed The Origins of Life and Death African Creation Myths London Heinemann 1966 Herbert Cole Mbari Art and Life among the Owerri Igbo Bloomington Indiana University press 1982 J B Danquah The Akan Doctrine of God A Fragment of Gold Coast Ethics and Religion second edition London Cass 1968 Marcel Griaule and Germaine Dietterlen Le Mythe Cosmogonique Paris Institut d Ethnologie 1965 Rems Nna Umeasigbu The Way We Lived Ibo Customs and Stories London Heinemann 1969 Sandra Barnes Africa s Ogun Old World and New Bloomington Indiana University Press 1989 Segun Gbadagesin African Philosophy Traditional Yoruba Philosophy and Contemporary African Realities New York Peter Lang 1999 Judith Gleason Oya in Praise of an African Goddess Harper Collins 1992 Bolaji Idowu God in Yoruba Belief Plainview Original Publications rev and enlarged ed 1995 Wole Soyinka Myth Literature and the African World Cambridge University Press 1976 E Geoffrey Parinder African Traditional Religion Third ed London Sheldon Press 1974 ISBN 0 85969 014 8 pbk E Geoffrey Parinder Traditional Religion in his Africa s Three Religions Second ed London Sheldon Press 1976 ISBN 0 85969 096 2 p 15 96 S Solagbade Popoola Ikunle Abiyamo It is on Bent Knees that I gave Birth 2007 Asefin Media Publication David Chidester Religions of South Africa pp 17 19 Alisa LaGamma 2000 Art and oracle African art and rituals of divination New York The Metropolitan Museum of Art ISBN 978 0 87099 933 8 Catatan Sunting Dr J O Awolalu Studies in Comparative Religion Vol 10 No 2 Spring 1976 African religions a b Juergensmeyer Mark 2006 The Oxford Handbook Of Global Religions ISBN 0 19 513798 1 S Mbiti John 1991 Introduction to African religion ISBN 0 435 94002 3 An African StoryBBC a b Encyclopedia of African Religion Sage 2009 Molefi Asante What is religion An African understanding a b Britannica Book of the Year 2003 Encyclopaedia Britannica 2003 ISBN 978 0 85229 956 2 p 306 Menurut Encyclopaedia Britannica pada pertengahan 2002 terdapat 480 453 000 Kristen 329 869 000 Muslim dan 98 734 000 orang yang mempraktikan agama agama tradisional di Afrika Ian S Markham A World Religions Reader 1996 Cambridge MA Blackwell Publishers is cited by Morehouse University as giving the mid 1990s figure of 278 250 800 Muslims in Africa but still as 40 8 of the total These numbers are estimates and remain a matter of conjecture see Amadu Jacky Kaba The spread of Christianity and Islam in Africa a survey and analysis of the numbers and percentages of Christians Muslims and those who practice indigenous religions The Western Journal of Black Studies Vol 29 Number 2 June 2005 discusses the estimations of various almanacs and encyclopediae placing Britannica s estimate as the most agreed on figure Notes the figure presented at the World Christian Encyclopedia summarized here Diarsipkan 2016 03 05 di Wayback Machine as being an outlier On rates of growth Islam and Pentecostal Christianity are highest see The List The World s Fastest Growing Religions Diarsipkan 2007 05 21 di Wayback Machine Foreign Policy May 2007 Anthony Appiah Kwame Louis Gates Henry 2010 Encyclopedia of Africa ISBN 0 19 533770 0 Pranala luar SuntingAfrican Comparative Belief Diarsipkan 2019 06 01 di Wayback Machine Afrika world net Diarsipkan 2019 06 01 di Wayback Machine A website with extensive links and information about traditional African religions Baba Alawoye com Baba Awo Awoyinfa Ifaloju showcasing Ifa using web media 2 0 blogs podcasting video amp photocasting nbsp Portal Agama Templat Topik agama Diperoleh dari https id wikipedia org w index php title Agama tradisional Afrika amp oldid 22241356